BS EN 1236-1995 Fertilizers - Determination of bulk density (loose)《肥料 体积(疏松的)密度的测定》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1236:1995 Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose) The European Standard EN1236:1995 has the status of a British Standard ICS 65.080BSEN1236:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Sector Board forMaterials and Chemicals, waspublishe

2、d under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15 December1995 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference CII/37 Draft for comment 94/503971 DC ISBN 0 580 24905 0 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparat

3、ion of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/37, Fertilizers and related chemicals, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Public Analysts British Aggregate Construction Materials Industries British Coal Corporation Chemical Industries Association C

4、onsumers Association Department of Trade and Industry (Laboratory of the Government Chemist) Fertiliser Manufacturers Association Ltd. Horticultural Trades Association Institute of Trading Standards Administration Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Water Services Association of England and

5、Wales Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN1236:1995 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Definition 3 3 Principle 3 4 Apparatus 3 5 Preparation of test sample 3 6 Procedure 3 7 Expre

6、ssion of results 3 8 Test report 4 Annex ZA (informative) Bibliography 6 Figure 1 Apparatus for the determination of bulk density (loose) of fertilizers 5BSEN1236:1995 ii BSI 11-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CII/37 and is the English language v

7、ersion of EN1236:1995 Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose) published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS5551-3.1:1993, which is now withdrawn. It was derived by CEN from ISO3944:1992 published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

8、 A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises

9、 a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theENtitle page, pages2 to6 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE E

10、UROPISCHE NORM EN 1236 June 1995 ICS 65.080 Descriptors: Fertilizers, tests, determination, bulk density, density measurement English version Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose) (ISO 3944:1992 modified) Engrais Dtermination de la masse volumique sans tassement (ISO 3944:1994 modifie) D

11、ngemittel Bestimmung der Schttdichte (ISO 3944:1992 modifiziert) This European Standard was approved by CEN on1994-12-04. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard witho

12、ut any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language ma

13、de by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy

14、, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995 All rights of reproduction and communicati

15、on in any form and by any means reserved in all countries to CEN and its members Ref.No.EN1236:1995EEN1236:1995 BSI 11-1999 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from ISO/TC134, Fertilizers and soil conditioners, of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken

16、over as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC260, Fertilizers and liming materials. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December1995, and conflicting national standards sha

17、ll be withdrawn at the latest by December1995. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sp

18、ain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO3944:1992 was approved by CEN as a EuropeanStandard with agreed common modifications as given below: in clause 1 Scope of ISO3944 the applicability is limited to dry fertilizers only. This r

19、equirement has been amended to free-flowing fertilizers. Furthermore, a limit for particles exceeding5mm in diameter has been set at20%; the bulk density (loose) is expressed in grams per cubic centimetre (g/cm 3 ) in ISO3944; in this European Standard it is expressed in kilograms per cubic metre (k

20、g/m 3 ); the normative references to International Standards ISO7742:1988 and ISO8358:1991 concerning methods of sampling and sample preparation have been deleted and the method used has to be indicated in the test report; an informative Annex ZA Bibliography has been added. The common modifications

21、 have been inserted in the text of the reference document and are indicated by a vertical line in the margin.EN1236:1995 BSI 11-1999 3 Introduction The bulk densities (loose and tapped) of a fertilizer provide information relative to the required size of packaging materials, store-houses, stock-room

22、s, etc. Generally, the bulk density (tapped) is up to10% greater than the bulk density (loose), and sometimes it may exceed this value. Both bulk densities depend on the actual density, surface form and particle size of the fertilizers. The bulk density (loose) can be used to calculate the maximum v

23、olume of a given weight of fertilizer which may be expected in practice. The actual volume occupied by a given weight of fertilizer will normally be within the range calculated from the bulk density (loose) and the bulk density (tapped). 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for the

24、 determination of the bulk density (loose) of solid fertilizers except powder fertilizers. The method is applicable to free-flowing fertilizers. The method is not suitable for materials which contain more than20% by mass of particles exceeding5mm in diameter. Annex ZA lists the bibliography. 2 Defin

25、ition For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definition applies. 2.1 bulk density (loose) of a fertilizer the mass per volume of a material tipped into a container and under clearly specified conditions the bulk density (loose) is expressed in kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m

26、3 ) 3 Principle Pouring of the fertilizer from a specified funnel into a specified measuring cylinder of known volume and weighing of the contents of the cylinder. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest1g. 4.2 Apparatus for determination of bulk density (loose), having the appro

27、ximate dimensions given in Figure 1 and consisting of the following. 4.2.1 Removable measuring cylinder, without a spout. The capacity u to the brim shall be known to the nearest cubic centimetre. CAUTION It is important that those parts of the apparatus which are in contact with the fertilizer are

28、made of corrosion-resistant material (glass, plastics,etc.). 4.2.2 Firmly mounted funnel 4.3 Spatula, approximately120mm 20mm, or other suitable scraper. 5 Preparation of test sample Prepare the test sample by appropriate methods, ensuring that the sample is sufficient to carry out two separate dete

29、rminations. 6 Procedure Pour into the closed funnel(4.2.2) a quantity of the fertilizer greater than that needed to fill the measuring cylinder(4.2.1). Fully open the slide of the funnel so that the contents discharge into the measuring cylinder in6s to12s. If the fertilizer does not flow freely, ke

30、ep the outlet clear by inserting a rod of3mm to4mm diameter into the opening. When the cylinder overflows, close the slide of the funnel and scrape away the surplus fertilizer using the spatula or other suitable tool(4.3). Avoid vibration of the filled measuring cylinder. Remove the measuring cylind

31、er from below the funnel and weigh its contents to the nearest1g of the total mass. Carry out two determinations, in rapid succession, on separate test portions taken from the same test sample. 7 Expression of results 7.1 Method of calculation The bulk density (loose), , of the fertilizer, in kilogr

32、ams per cubic metre, is given by the equation Take as the result the arithmetic mean of the two determinations provided that the requirement for repeatability (see7.2) is satisfied. 7.2 Repeatability The difference between the results of two determinations, carried out in rapid succession by the sam

33、e operator using the same apparatus, shall not exceed10 kg/m 3 . where m is the mass, in kilograms, of the test portion; V is the volume up to the brim, in cubic metres, of the measuring cylinder. m V - =EN1236:1995 4 BSI 11-1999 8 Test report The test report shall include the following particulars:

34、 a) identification of the sample; b) reference to the method used; c) the result and the method of expression; d) any unusual features noted during the determination; e) any operation not included in this International Standard or regarded as optional; f) method of sampling and sample preparation.EN

35、1236:1995 BSI 11-1999 5 Figure 1 Apparatus for the determination of bulk density (loose) of fertilizersEN1236:1995 6 BSI 11-1999 Annex ZA (informative) Bibliography ISO 3963:1977, Fertilizers Sampling from a conveyor by stopping the belt. ISO 7410:1983, Fertilizers and soil conditioners Final sample

36、s Practical arrangements. ISO 7742:1988, Solid fertilizers Reduction of samples. ISO 8538:1991, Solid fertilizers Preparation of samples for chemical and physical analysis. EN 1237, Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (tapped). Pr EN 1482, Sampling of solid fertilizers. blankBS EN 1236:1995 BS

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