BS EN 1987-2-1997 Electrically propelled road vehicles - Specific requirements for safety - Functional safety means and protection against failures《电车 特殊安全要求 功能安全措施和失效防护》.pdf

1、 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1987-2 : 1997 The E

2、uropean Standard EN 1987-2 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 43.120 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Electrically propelled road vehicles Specific requirements for safety Part 2. Functional safety means and protection against failuresThis British S

3、tandard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 September 1997 BSI 1997 ISBN 0 580 28374 7 BS EN 1987-2 : 1997 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected Natio

4、nal foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1987-2 : 1997. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/19, Electric vehicle, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European co

5、mmittee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-re

6、ferences The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled International Standards Correspondence Index, or by using the Find facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalo

7、gue. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 4, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite E

8、urope en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1987-2 : 1997 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1987-2 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUR

9、OPA ISCHE NORM June 1997 ICS 43.120 Descriptors: Road vehicles, electric vehicles, safety requirements, accident prevention, design, performance evaluation, hazards, safety measures, failure, protection, specifications, utilization, information English version Electrically propelled road vehicles Sp

10、ecific requirements for safety Part 2 : Functional safety means and protection against failures Ve hicules routiers a propulsion e lectrique Prescriptions particulie res pour la se curite Partie 2 : Mesures de se curite fonctionnelle et protection contre les de faillances Elektrisch angetriebene Str

11、aenfahrzeuge Besondere Festlegungen fu r die Sicherheit Teil 2: Funktionelle Sicherheitsvorkehrungen und Schutz gegen Fehler This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-05-23. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving t

12、his European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions

13、English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech

14、 Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1987-2 : 1997 BSI 1997 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 301, Electrically p

15、ropelled road vehicles, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lates

16、t by December 1997. EN 1987 consists of the following Parts, under the general title Electrically propelled road vehicles Specific prescriptions for safety: Part 1: On board energy storage; Part 2: Functional safety means and protection against failure; Part 3: Protection of users against electrical

17、 hazards. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, N

18、orway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 3.1 drive system 3 3.2 drive direction control 3 3.3 auxiliary functions 3 3.4 auxiliary network 3 4 General and environmental conditions 3 5 Operational sa

19、fety 3 5.1 Power on procedure 3 5.2 Driving 3 5.3 Driving backwards 4 5.4 Parking 4 5.5 Master switch 4 5.6 Electromagnetic susceptibility 4 5.7 Auxiliary function 4 6 Protection against failures 4 6.1 Unintentional vehicle behaviour 4 6.2 Connections 4 6.3 Auxiliary network 4 6.4 Over-current cut-o

20、ff device 4 7 Users manual 4Page 3 EN 1987-2 : 1997 BSI 1997 1 Scope This European Standard specifies all requirements specific to electrically propelled vehicles in order that they remain safe both for the users of the vehicle and for the environment of the vehicle (pedestrian, protection of nature

21、 against pollution etc.). This standard does not apply to maintenance operations and specific requirements for vehicles connected to an external power supply. This Part deals with functional safety means and protection against failures, thus defining the minimum rules to follow in the design of the

22、electric vehicle and the specific hazards to avoid due to the electrical drive aspects of the vehicle. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the

23、text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to app

24、lies. ISO 11451 Road vehicles Electrical disturbances by narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy Vehicle test methods. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 drive system The drive system includes all electric traction motors and the power control un

25、its for these motors; not the on-board electric power source, e.g. the traction battery, and not auxiliary electronic devices and converters, e.g. d.c./d.c./-converter, on-board charger (unless it is common with the inverter/motor controller). 3.2 drive direction control The drive direction control

26、is a specific device physically actuated by the driver in order to select the drive direction of the vehicle (forwards or backwards). Examples are lever or push-button switch. 3.3 auxiliary functions The auxiliary functions are those which are common between internal combustion engine and electric v

27、ehicles, for instance lighting. 3.4 auxiliary network The auxiliary network is the electrical circuit of lower working voltage than the power circuit, supplying the auxiliary functions of the vehicle (lighting, warning, windscreen motor, etc.), and its nominal voltage is usually 12 Vor 24 V. 4 Gener

28、al and environmental conditions As installed in the vehicle, the components specific for an electric road vehicle shall be designed and constructed so as to operate under the same conditions for which the whole vehicle is designed. 5 Operational safety 5.1 Power on procedure The power on procedure i

29、s applied via the key-switch with a minimum of two key positions: Position 1: Off Drive system off, no active driving possible. Only in this position can the key be inserted and removed; Position 2: Operation Active driving possible after at least one additional voluntary action, e.g. a change in th

30、e drive mode switch from neutral, park to drive or neutral, park to reverse or a third key position. In the latter case, no unintentional movement of the vehicle shall occur. Power on or movement of the vehicle by its own drive system shall not be possible when the vehicle is physically connected to

31、 an external electric network (e.g. mains, off-board charger). Exception : specially designed connecting devices for automatic operation. After an automatic or manual turn-off of the drive system, it shall only be possible to reactivate it by normal power on procedure. An obvious device shall indica

32、te permanently or temporarily that the drive system is in the mode active driving possible. 5.2 Driving 5.2.1 Indication of reduced power If drive power is automatically reduced significantly (e.g. by high temperature of drive system or power source components), this shall be indicated by an obvious

33、 device. 5.2.2 Indication of low state of charge level of the traction battery The low state of charge level of the traction battery shall be indicated by an obvious device, e.g. state-of-charge meter. Level to be decided by manufacturers, but shall satisfy special safety requirements, e.g.: it shal

34、l be possible to move out of the traffic area using the drive system; a minimum energy reserve for the safety lighting system, in accordance with current regulations, shall be provided, if the traction battery is the direct power source for the auxiliary electrical network.Page 4 EN 1987-2 : 1997 BS

35、I 1997 1) r.m.s = root mean square. 5.3 Driving backwards If driving backwards is achieved by reversing the rotational direction of the electric motor, the following specifications shall be met: a) the state of the drive direction control shall be identifiable; b) the capital letter R shall identify

36、 reverse mode; c) to avoid the danger of unintentionally switching to reverse when the vehicle is moving, the actuation of the drive direction control shall require: 1) either the combination of two different, consecutive movements; or 2) a safety device which allows reverse to be engaged only when

37、the vehicle is stationary or moving at a slow speed, in which case actuation of the drive direction control shall be indicated obviously. The maximum reverse speed shall be limited (speed limit left to manufacturers decision). If driving backwards is not achieved by reversing the rotational directio

38、n of the electric motor, the current regulations on vehicles with internal combustion engine apply on the electric vehicle. 5.4 Parking When leaving the vehicle, the driver shall be informed by an obvious signal (e.g. acoustic or optical signal) if the drive system is still in the mode active drivin

39、g possible. If the traction motor continues to turn in a stationary vehicle, the users manual shall point out that the vehicle is liable to move if a gear is engaged. 5.5 Master switch A master switch shall make it possible to disconnect at least one pole of the electric power source (e.g. traction

40、battery) from the drive system at any time. The master switch shall be activated (on and off) by a manual device within reach of the drivers hand (e.g. key-switch). Additional disconnection via an electronic safety device is possible. After each disconnection, it shall only be possible to reactivate

41、 the drive system by the power on procedure (see 5.1). 5.6 Electromagnetic susceptibility The electric vehicle shall be tested in accordance with ISO 11451. The field strength reference level shall be 30 V/m r.m.s 1) . 5.7 Auxiliary function During operation of the electric vehicle, all auxiliary fu

42、nctions shall meet the requirements of relevant EU-Directives, in particular lighting, signalling and safety functions. 6 Protection against failures This clause deals with a safety concept to counter hazardous effects of failures in systems and components specific to electric road vehicles. (Other

43、systems and components are dealt with as for conventional vehicles). The safety concept comprises measures and design principles to be taken to ensure sufficient safety from injuries to persons and material damage in the event of failures. In particular the following potential hazards have to be avo

44、ided. 6.1 Unintentional vehicle behaviour Unintentional acceleration, deceleration and reversal of the drive systems shall be prevented. In particular, a failure (e.g. in the power control unit) shall not cause more than 0,1 m movement of a standing, unbraked vehicle. Unintentional steering effects

45、shall not occur from different torques while driving or braking greater than those of conventional vehicles, especially in case of multiple motors. 6.2 Connections Any miss of connection or any unexpected disconnection of electrical connectors shall not lead to hazardous behaviour of the vehicle. 6.

46、3 Auxiliary network For vehicles without galvanic isolation of the power circuits from the auxiliary network there shall be some other means of protecting the auxiliary network from over-voltage. 6.4 Over-current cut-off device A circuit breaker, cut-off device or fuse shall disconnect at least one

47、pole of the electric power source (e.g. traction battery) in case of over-current. This device can be the same as the over-current battery switch (see clause 7 in EN 1987-1 : 1997). After each disconnection it shall not be possible to reactivate the drive system without going through the power on pr

48、ocedure (see 5.1). 7 Users manual Special attention shall be drawn in the users manual to aspects specific to electrical vehicles: the following topics especially shall be addressed: general operating instructions (especially power on procedure); operating functions (e.g. driving, parking, charging)

49、 road performances (e.g. hill climbing ability); service and maintenance; safety instructions; environmental restrictions of use, if any.blankBSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI