1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 2331:1993 Textile glass fibre preimpregnates Testmethod for the determination of the resin and fibre content and mass of fibre per unit area The European Standard EN 2331:1993 has the status of a British Standard UDC 677.521.074.077.62:620.1:543.7:629.7BSEN233
2、1:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15May1993 BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee referenc
3、e ACE/64 Draft for comment 91/78898 DC ISBN 0 580 22143 1 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: Austria Oesterreichisches Norm
4、ungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute o
5、f Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola d
6、e Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN2331:1993 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Insid
7、e front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 2331 3 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back coverBSEN2331:1993 ii BSI 12-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the
8、direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN2331:1993 Aerospace series Textile glass fibre preimpregnates Test method for the determination of the resin and fibre content and mass of fibre per unit area published by the European Committee for Standa
9、rdization (CEN). EN2331was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UnitedKingdom took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance
10、with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date
11、) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2331 March 1993 UDC 677.521.074.077.62:620.1:543.7:629.7 Descriptors: Aircraft industry, glass-cloth, plastics, preimpregnated prod
12、ucts, tests, determination of content, resins, incineration analysis, extraction English version Aerospace series Textile glass fibre preimpregnates Test method for the determination of theresin and fibre content and mass of fibre per unit area Srie arospatiale Primprgns de fibres deverre textile Mt
13、hode dessai pour la dtermination des teneurs en rsine et en fibreset de la masse surfacique des fibres Luft- und Raumfahrt Glasfilament- Prepreg Prfmethode zur Bestimmung des Harz- und Faseranteils sowie der flchenbezogenen Fasermasse This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-03-01. CEN mem
14、bers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applicat
15、ion to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
16、same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardiz
17、ation Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN 2331:1993 EEN2331:1993 BSI 12-1999 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerosp
18、ace Manufacturers (AECMA). After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this standard has successively received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. This Euro
19、pean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 1993. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the
20、 following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative reference
21、s 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Principle 3 5 Designation 4 6 Apparatus and chemicals 4 7 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 5 8 Sampling and specimens 5 9 Procedure 5 10 Calculation and expression of results 6 11 Test report 8 Figure 1 Example of positioning of specimens on woven textile glass fibre fab
22、ric sample across the width 9 Figure 2 Example of positioning of specimens on woven textile glass fibre fabric sample an axis inclined at an angle ! as close as possible to the weft direction 9 Figure 3 Example of positioning of specimens on textile glass fibre unidirectional sheet or tape sample 10
23、 Table 1 4EN2331:1993 BSI 12-1999 3 1 Scope 1.1 This standard specifies a method for determining the resin content (with or without volatiles), fibrecontent and mass of fibre per unit area of a textile glass fibre preimpregnate by ignition or solventextraction, for aerospace use. 1.2 This standard d
24、oes not give any directives necessary to meet the health and safety requirements. Itisthe responsibility of the user of this standard to adopt appropriate health and safety precautions. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other pu
25、blications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revi
26、sion. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 2329, Aerospace series Textile glass fibre preimpregnates Test method for the determination of mass per unit area. EN 2330, Aerospace series Textile glass fibre preimpregnates Test method for the determination
27、 of the content of volatile matter. EN 2743, Aerospace series Reinforced plastics Standard procedures for conditioning prior to testing 1) . 3 Definitions A textile glass fibre preimpregnate with a thermosetting or thermoplastic resin is a material in the form of a synthetic resin impregnated textil
28、e glass fibre unidirectional sheet, tape or woven fabric and used for the manufacture of moulded components. 4 Principle 4.1 Ignition method Determination of the difference in mass by means of weighing before and after removal of the resin by ignition at a temperature of625 C to constant mass. If th
29、e material to be tested contains only glass and a resin which is completely combustible, the resin content is equal to the loss on ignition. 4.2 Solvent extraction method Determination of the difference in mass by means of weighing before and after extraction of the resin with methyl-ethyl-ketone or
30、 other suitable solvent, as agreed between the purchaser and the supplier, to constant mass. The resin content is equal to the loss on solvent extraction. If the material to be tested contains fillers that lose mass at a temperature equal to or below600 C, only this method shall be employed. Two var
31、iants are possible: 4.2.1 a standard method of extraction using a Soxhlet; 4.2.2 a faster method of extraction by soaking and decantation. 1) Published as AECMA pre-standard at the date of publication of this standardEN2331:1993 4 BSI 12-1999 5 Designation EXAMPLE: Table 1 6 Apparatus and chemicals
32、Balance with an accuracy of0,1mg Template of standard specimen Ancillary items such as sharp knife and tweezers 6.1 Ignition method Laboratory burner of the Meker type or similar Container made of an appropriate material and of suitable dimensions (a porcelain or platinium crucible or porcelain boat
33、 may be used) Electric muffle furnace, capable of maintaining a temperature of625 C with an accuracy of 20 C Desiccator containing a suitable drying agent (for example, silica gel, calcium chloride or phosphorus pentoxide) 6.2 Solvent extraction using a Soxhlet Single thickness extraction thimble, n
34、ominal diameter20mm to22mm, nominal length60mm to80mm Electric oven capable of maintaining a temperature of105 C with an accuracy of 5 C A suitable extraction apparatus of the Soxhlet type, comprising a condenser, siphon tube and flask and provided with an electric heating mantle Vacuum desiccator M
35、ethyl-ethyl-ketone (MEK, butanone 2) analytical grade or other suitable solvent, as agreed between the purchaser and the supplier 6.3 Extraction by soaking and decantation Erlenmeyer flask or beaker Drying oven capable of maintaining a temperature of105 C with an accuracy of 5 C Vacuum desiccator A
36、suitable solvent for extraction, as agreed between purchaser and supplier Acetone (propanone) Method Principle Procedure A Ignition (see 4.1) See 9.1 B Solvent extraction using a Soxhlet (see 4.2.1) See 9.2 C Solvent extraction by soaking and decantation (see 4.2.2) See 9.3EN2331:1993 BSI 12-1999 5
37、7 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing 7.1 Conditioning 7.1.1 Conditioning of material stored at ambient temperature For material stored at ambient temperature, the amount of material required for testing shall be sampled and conditioned in the test atmosphere (see 7.2.1) for a minimum of2h, unle
38、ss otherwise specified. 7.1.2 Conditioning of material stored below ambient temperature For material stored at temperatures lower than ambient temperature, the material, suitably packed in an airtight and solvent resistant bag to prevent moisture pick-up, shall be allowed to reach ambient temperatur
39、e over a period of time according to the mass of the package. This time shall not be less than8h and the actual time shall be recorded in the report. When the material has reached the ambient temperature, the amount required for testing shall be sampled and conditioned in the test atmosphere (see 7.
40、2.1), for a minimum of2h, unless otherwise specified. 7.2 Testing 7.2.1 Atmosphere for testing The tests shall be carried out at temperature and relative humidity conditions in accordance with EN2743B. 7.2.2 Time interval between conditioning and testing Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be
41、 carried out within6h, after conditioning, the specimen being kept in the test atmosphere until the test is carried out. 8 Sampling and specimens 8.1 Specimen The specimen has a square shape. The dimension of the sides shall be (100 1) mm. Other dimensions of the specimen may be used, subject to agr
42、eement between the purchaser and the supplier, but shall have a surface area of100cm 2with a tolerance of 2%. 8.2 Number and distribution of test specimens At least three specimens shall be used. These shall be evenly distributed and cut from the sample diagonally across the width or length, as show
43、n in Figure 1 and Figure 2 for woven fabrics and in Figure 3 for unidirectional sheet or tape. NOTESpecimens used for the determination of the mass per unit area (EN 2329) can then be used for the determination of resin content. 9 Procedure 9.1 Ignition method 9.1.1 Preparation of container Before c
44、ommencing each series of tests, a test with the empty container shall be performed, by heating in the muffle furnace, cooling in a dessicator, weighing and repeating these operations, until the mass is constant to1mg on two succesive weighings. NOTEThe weighing of the container shall be performed af
45、ter the container has been cooled to ambient temperature in a dessicator. 9.1.2 Weighing and ignition of the specimens For each specimen, carry out the following sequence of operations: 9.1.2.1 Weigh the container to the nearest mg (m 1 ). Place the specimen, cut into pieces of convenient size, in t
46、he container, and weigh to the nearest mg (m 2 ). Heat the container with the specimen in a flame until the contents ignite. Maintain such a temperature that the specimen burns at a moderate rate until only ash and carbon remain when the burning ceases. 9.1.2.2 Heat the container and residue in the
47、muffle furnace to a temperature of (625 25) C and maintain this until all carbon has disappeared.EN2331:1993 6 BSI 12-1999 9.1.2.3 Cool the container and the residue in a desiccator to ambient temperature and weigh to the nearestmg (m 3 ). 9.1.2.4 Repeat the operations specified in 9.1.2.2 and 9.1.2
48、.3 until the difference in mass on two successive weighings is less than1mg. 9.2 Solvent extraction using a Soxhlet 9.2.1 Preparation of extraction thimble Dry the extraction thimble in an oven at (105 5) C for2h, cool to ambient temperature in a desiccator and weigh, then repeat these for each test
49、 specimen, carry on the following, until the mass is constant to1mg on two successive weighings. 9.2.2 Weighing of specimen and (solvent) extraction of resin For each specimen, carry out the following sequence of operations: 9.2.2.1 Weigh the thimble to the nearest mg (m 4 ). Place the specimen, cut into pieces of convenient size, in the thimble, care being taken that no fragments are lost, and weigh to the nearest mg (m 5 ). Place the thimble and its c
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