BS EN 283-1991 Swap bodies - Testing《交换体 试验》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 283:1991 Swap bodies Testing This European Standard EN283:1991 has the status of a British StandardBSEN283:1991 This British Standard was published under the authority ofthe Standards Board and comesinto effect on 20 December1991 BSI08-1999 The following BSI references relate

2、to the work on this standard: Committee reference AUE/13 Draft for comment89/71511 DC ISBN 0 580 20130 9 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following

3、Western European countries. Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organiza

4、tion for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal

5、 Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN 283:1991 B

6、SI 08-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN283 3 National appendix NA (informative) Inside back cover National appendix NB (informative) Inside back coverBSEN283:1991 ii BSI 08-1999 National foreword This British Standard has bee

7、n prepared under the direction of the Automobile Standards Policy Committee. It is the English language version of EN283:1991 “Swap bodies Testing”, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN283 was produced as a result of international discussion in which the UnitedKingdom to

8、ok an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This

9、document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theEN title page, pages2 to12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front

10、 cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 283 July 1991 UDC 621.869.888:620.1 Descriptors: Rail transport, road transport, freight transport, freight containers, tests English version Swap bodies Testing Caisses mobiles Essais Wechselbehlter Prfung This European Standard was approv

11、ed by CEN on10July1991. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning

12、such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own langua

13、ge and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Un

14、ited Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1991 Copyright reserved to all CEN members Ref. No. EN283:1991 EEN283:1991 BSI 08-1999 2 Foreword The purpose of this st

15、andard is to combine the national standards into one single European Standard to ensure for the future a free, unimpeded circulation of swap bodies in Europe within the road/rail transport chain. This European Standard was prepared by CEN/TC119 “Swap bodies”, the secretariat of which is held by Norm

16、enausschu Kraftfahrzeuge (FAKRA), a subdivision of Deutsches Institut fr Normung (DIN). At the2nd meeting of CEN/TC119 in Frankfurt/M. in May1988 the basic decisions for publication of a draft European Standard had been taken. At that meeting delegations from the following countries participated: Be

17、lgium, Denmark, Germany, Finland, France, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, United Kingdom. In accordance with the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxem

18、bourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Object and field of application 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 General requirements 3 5 Testing 4 6 CSC testing 6 7 Marking 6 Annex A (informative) Additional CSC tests 11 An

19、nex B (normative) Determination of the risk oftipping 11 Annex C (informative) List of competent certification authorities 12 Annex D (informative) Bibliography 12 Figure 1 Side wall consisting of2 sections Example of a test rig for testing a completesidewall 7 Figure 2 Side wall consisting of2 sect

20、ions Example of a test rig for testing onesection of theside wall only 7 Figure 3 Side wall consisting of2 sections Example of a test rig for testing the centre stake(inaddition to test as in Figure 2) 8 Figure 4 Side wall consisting of3 sections Example of a test rig for testing onesection of thesi

21、de wall only 8 Figure 5 Side wall consisting of3 sections Example of a test rig for testing the centre stake(inaddition to test as in Figure 4) 8 Figure 6 Stability test of a swap body standingonits four legs 9 Figure 7 Support leg testing fixture 10 Figure 8 Determination of the permissible max.fro

22、nt axle load of a fork lift truck enteringanemptyswap body 11EN283:1991 BSI 08-1999 3 1 Object and field of application This European Standard lays down the basic testing requirements for swap bodies of class A, B and C, which are suitable for conveyance by road and rail vehicles, including intercha

23、nge between these modes of transport. This standard does not apply to specific cargo swap bodies (e.g.tank type swap bodies). 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this European Standard. At the time of publi

24、cation, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on these International Standards are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards listed below. Members of CEN maintain registers of cu

25、rrently valid International and European Standards. ISO668:1988, Series1 Freight containers Classification, dimensions and ratings. ISO1161:1984, Series1 Freight containers Corner fittings Specification. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this European Standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 sw

26、ap body article of transport equipment having a mechanical strength designed only for rail and road vehicle transportation on land or on ferries, and for this reason it does not necessarily fulfil conditions such as those of ISO series1 containers; having a width and/or a length exceeding those of I

27、SO series1 containers of equivalent basic size, for better utilization of the dimensions allowed for road traffic; being fixed and secured to the vehicles with the same devices as those of ISO containers of series1. For this reason these devices are fixed as specified by ISO668 and ISO1161, but due

28、to the size difference, they are not always located at the swap body corners; which, generally, cannot be stacked (seeclause6); which can be handled with grappler arms and with slings; which, for class C, can be set from road vehicles on support legs and removed from them with on-board means. 3.2 bo

29、x type swap body swap body, totally enclosed and weather-proof, having a rigid roof, rigid side walls, rigid end walls and a floor and having at least one of its end walls or side walls equipped with doors 3.3 open sided swap bodies swap body with folding side walls and movable or removable canvas n

30、ormally supported on movable or removable roof bows 3.4 curtainsider swap body swap body having a rigid roof, rigid end walls and flexible, movable side walls, for example made of canvas or plastic material normally supported on movable webbing cargo securing devices are mandatory for swap bodies of

31、 curtainsider type. Testing of cargo securing devices in swap bodies shall be done according to EN 1) 3.5 drop sided swap body swap body having folding and/or fixed side boards 3.6 rating the gross mass, R, of a swap body in the laden condition which is both the maximum mass for operation and the mi

32、nimum mass for testing R = P + T 3.7 tare the mass of the unladen swap body 4 General requirements 4.1 Each swap body shall show technical characteristics at least equivalent to those satisfying all the tests listed in clause5 so far as they are applicable to the design of swap body under considerat

33、ion. 1) In preparation. where P =maximum payload; T=tare.EN283:1991 4 BSI 08-1999 In the case of swap bodies of identical construction (series production) it is acceptable for a single unit to undergo all the following tests, provided that the inspecting authority required to give type approval is s

34、atisfied that the other swap bodies have technical characteristics at least equivalent to those of the swap body tested. Any proposal to alter plans or manufacturing procedures shall be submitted to the inspecting authority in advance who will decide whether to repeat the whole or part of the tests.

35、 The swap body under test shall be considered as being approved, provided that the following conditions are met: Upon completion of any of the following tests the swap body shall show neither permanent deformation which will render it unsuitable for use nor abnormality which will render it unsuitabl

36、e for use, and the dimensional requirements affecting handling, securing and interchange shall be satisfied. This approval will extend to all identical series produced, swap bodies subject to any production tests as required by the inspection authority. 4.2 Unless otherwise stated, swap bodies shall

37、 be capable of withstanding the tests specified in5.1 to5.10 inclusive, as applicable. Swap bodies shall be tested in the condition in which they are designed to be operated. Also, swap bodies equipped with removable structural items shall be tested with these items in position. It is recommended th

38、at the test for weatherproofness (see5.9) be carried out last. 4.3 Supporting legs shall also be tested separately, see5.11. 4.4 The risk of overturning of an empty swap body standing on its supporting legs shall be determined according to Annex B. 5 Testing 5.1 Transportation strength NOTEThis test

39、 shall be carried out to prove the ability of the base structure of a swap body to withstand the vertical forces under dynamic conditions encountered in railway operations. 5.1.1 Swap bodies transported without centre supports The swap body uniformly loaded to1,5R shall be placed on four level pads,

40、 one under each bottom fitting. The pads shall be centralized under the fittings and shall be substantially of the same plan dimensions as the fittings. The swap body shall be free to deflect. The swap body shall be supported for at least5minutes. The test procedure for swap bodies of class A design

41、ed for transportation without centre supports shall be the same as required above except that in this case the combined mass of swap body and test load shall be2R. 5.1.2 Swap bodies of class A designed for transportation with centre supports The test procedure described in5.1.1 with1,5R shall be app

42、lied. In an additional2nd test, level pads shall be placed under each intermediate support (loadtransfer zone). The max. force measured on the intermediate supports on each side of the swap body shall not exceed75kN during the entire test period. 5.2 Lifting from the slinging apertures This test sha

43、ll be carried out to prove the ability of a swap body to withstand being lifted from its side bottom apertures. The swap body uniformly loaded to1,5R shall be lifted from all four side bottom apertures in such a way that no significant accelerations or decelerations are applied. The lifting forces s

44、hall be applied approximately vertically. The lifting device shall not exert any pressure on the side walls of the swap body. The line of action of the lifting force shall be applied38mm clear of the outer face of the side wall of the swap body. The swap body shall remain lifted for5minutes. If bott

45、om fittings of swap bodies of class A and B are equipped with side apertures and these apertures are not subjected to the above test, they shall be blanked off. 5.3 Lifting from the base at the grappler arm positions This test shall be carried out to prove the ability of a swap body to withstand bei

46、ng lifted from the base at the grappler arm positions. The swap body uniformly loaded to1,25R shall be lifted by four grappler arms or similar devices at the grappler arm positions. Each grappler arm position shall have contact area of approximately30mm 260mm, centrally located at each of the four p

47、ositions, clear of the safety lips. The swap body shall remain lifted for5minutes. 5.4 Lifting from fork-lift pockets (where fitted) The swap body shall have a load uniformly distributed over the floor in such a way that the combined mass of the swap body and test load is equal to1,6R, and it shall

48、be supported on two horizontal bars, each200mm wide, projecting1828 3mm into the fork-lift pockets, measured from the outside face of the side of the swap body. The bars shall be centred within the pockets. The swap body shall remain lifted for5minutes.EN283:1991 BSI 08-1999 5 5.5 Restraint (longitu

49、dinal) NOTEThis test shall be carried out to prove the ability of the base structure of the swap body to withstand longitudinal external restraint under dynamic conditions which imply accelerations or decelerations of2g, measured at the bottom fittings, the test being carried out according to5.5.1 or5.5.2. 5.5.1 Static test The swap body uniformly loaded to1R shall be secured longitudinally to rigid anchor points through the bottom apertures of the bottom fittings at one end of the swap body. A longitudina