BS EN 363-2008 Personal fall protection equipment - Personal fall protection systems《个人防跌落设备 个人防跌落系统》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 363:2008Personal fall protection equipment Personal fall protection systemsICS 13.340.60g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g

2、3g47g36g58BS EN 363:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 54099 8National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 363:2008. It supersedes BS EN 363:2002 which is withdraw

3、n.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/5, Industrial safety belts and harnesses.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.BSI, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 363:2007 as a British Standar

4、d. However, attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of this European Standard, the UK committee voted against its approval as a European Standard. The reasons for this disapproval are as follows: 1. EN 363:2008 does not define “free fall”. 2. EN 363:2008 states (within Clause 4.2.

5、2, Work positioning system): “In work positioning systems, the user normally relies on the equipment for support. It is essential, therefore, that special consideration be given to the need to provide a back-up, e.g. a fall arrest system”. Within the UK, attention is drawn to the Work at Height Regu

6、lations 2005 (SI No. 735/2005) and, in particular, Schedule 5, Part 2, Additional requirements for work positioning systems: “A work positioning system shall be used only if either (a) the system includes a suitable backup system for preventing or arresting a fall; and (b) where the system includes

7、a line as a backup system, the user is connected to it; or (c) where it is not reasonably practicable to comply with sub-paragraph (a), all practicable measures are taken to ensure that the work positioning system does not fail”. BS 8437:2005, states (within Clause 7.2.3, Work positioning systems):

8、“If the planned method of work is for the user to be in a partly or entirely supported position, then a work positioning system should be used. The work positioning system should include a safety back-up system, in addition to the primary support, so that should there be an operator error or failure

9、 of the primary support, a fall will be prevented or arrested”. EN 363:2008 states (in its Introduction): “This standard does not define the use of personal fall protection systems, but the recommendations and examples given in this European Standard are based on a common practice of using personal

10、fall protection systems”. Advice on use is available within BS 8437:2005, Code of practice for selection, use and maintenance of personal fall protection systems and equipment for use in the workplace.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are

11、responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 363February 2008ICS 13.340.60 Supersedes EN 363:2002 English VersionPe

12、rsonal fall protection equipment - Personal fall protectionsystemsEquipement de protection individuelle contre les chutes dehauteur - Systmes darrt des chutesPersnliche Absturzschutzausrstung - PersnlicheAbsturzschutzsystemeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2007.CEN members a

13、re bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to t

14、he CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same s

15、tatus as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania,

16、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwi

17、de for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 363:2008: EEN 363:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 3.1 Categories 4 3.2 Systems 5 3.3 General terms.5 4 Personal fall protection systems .6 4.1 General6 4.2 Specific types of perso

18、nal fall protection systems7 4.2.1 Restraint system.7 4.2.2 Work positioning system 8 4.2.3 Rope access system .9 4.2.4 Fall arrest system 10 4.2.5 Rescue system.14 Bibliography 16 Figures Figure 1 Example of a restraint system 7 Figure 2 Example of a work positioning system 8 Figure 3 Example of a

19、work positioning system incorporating a pole strap 9 Figure 4 Example of a rope access system 10 Figure 5 Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a lanyard and energy absorber 11 Figure 6 Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a lanyard and energy absorber on a horizontal anchor line .

20、12 Figure 7 Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a retractable type fall arrester 12 Figure 8 Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a guided type fall arrester including a rigid anchor line . 13 Figure 9 Example of a fall arrest system incorporating a guided type fall arrester inclu

21、ding a flexible anchor line 13 Figure 10 Example of a rescue system incorporating a descender device 14 Figure 11 Example of a rescue system incorporating a rescue lifting device 15 EN 363:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 363:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 160 “Protection

22、 against falls from height including working belts”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2008 and conflicting national standards shall b

23、e withdrawn at the latest by August 2008. This document will supersede EN 363:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC In

24、ternal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,

25、Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 363:2008 (E) 4 Introduction A number of European Standards and draft standards have been published through CEN/TC 160 for personal protective equipment (PPE) for protection ag

26、ainst falls from a height and other personal fall protection equipment since 1992 (see Annex A). Most of them are product standards that specify product requirements and test methods for components. Such personal fall protection equipment is assembled to form personal fall protection systems. So far

27、, there has only been one standard that covers system requirements: EN 363:2002 Personal protective equipment for protection against falls from a height Fall arrest systems, which specifies definitions and general requirements to be taken into account when components are assembled to form fall arres

28、t systems. When discussing the terminology and definitions used to describe the general range of personal fall protection systems, the need for specifying the characteristics and principles for the assembly of all types of personal fall protection systems was acknowledged. Certain types of equipment

29、 used in personal fall protection may be used for different purposes, and thus in different types of personal fall protection systems. In order to work towards a coherent and consistent set of standards, EN 363 was therefore revised to cover all types of personal fall protection systems as dealt wit

30、h in CEN/TC 160. The revised standard describes characteristics and principles for the assembly of personal fall protection systems in general and of restraint, work positioning, fall arrest, rope access and rescue systems as specific forms of personal fall protection systems. For the benefit of the

31、 user, examples of a range of systems are provided, including figures used to illustrate the various forms of systems and their characteristics. This European Standard does not define the use of personal fall protection systems, but the recommendations and examples given in this European Standard ar

32、e based on a common practice of using personal fall protection systems. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the general characteristics and assembly of personal fall protection systems. It gives examples for the specific types of personal fall protection systems and describes how components may

33、 be assembled into systems. 2 Normative references Not applicable. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Categories 3.1.1 fall arrest preventing the user of a personal fall protection system from colliding with the ground, structure

34、, or any other obstacle during a free fall EN 363:2008 (E) 5 3.1.2 fall prevention preventing the user of a personal fall protection system from going into a free fall 3.2 Systems 3.2.1 personal fall protection system assembly of components intended to protect the user against falls from a height, i

35、ncluding a body holding device and an attachment system, which can be connected to a reliable anchorage point NOTE 1 Excludes systems for professional and private sports activities. NOTE 2 The attachment system may include an anchor device. NOTE 3 A body holding device may be, for example, a full bo

36、dy harness, sit harness, work positioning belt, rescue harness, rescue loop. 3.2.1.1 restraint system personal fall protection system which prevents the user from reaching zones where the risk of a fall from a height exists 3.2.1.2 work positioning system personal fall protection system which enable

37、s the user to work in tension or suspension in such a way that a free fall is prevented 3.2.1.3 rope access system personal fall protection system which enables the user to get to and from the place of work in such a way that a free fall is prevented or arrested, by using a working line and a safety

38、 line, separately connected to reliable anchor points NOTE A rope access system may be used for work positioning or rescue. 3.2.1.4 fall arrest system personal fall protection system which limits the impact force on the body of the user during fall arrest 3.2.1.5 rescue system personal fall protecti

39、on system by which a person can rescue themselves or others, in such a way that a free fall is prevented 3.3 General terms 3.3.1 element part of a component NOTE Ropes, webbing, attachment elements and fittings are examples of elements. 3.3.2 component part of a system at a point of sale by the manu

40、facturer, supplied with packaging, marking and information supplied by the manufacturer NOTE Harnesses and lanyards are examples of components. EN 363:2008 (E) 6 4 Personal fall protection systems 4.1 General Personal fall protection systems protect the user against falls from a height by either pre

41、venting or arresting free falls. They include; restraint systems; work positioning systems; rope access systems; fall arrest systems; rescue systems. NOTE In general, systems that prevent a free fall are preferable to systems that arrest a free fall. Characteristics A personal fall protection system

42、 consists of an assembly of components that are connected either separably or inseparably. A personal fall protection system includes a body holding device which is attached to a reliable anchorage point via an attachment system, which consists of one or more components that are normally included in

43、 the system in accordance with its intended use (e.g. lanyards, connectors, fall arresters, anchor devices). Assembly When combining components into a personal fall protection system, aspects to be taken into account shall include: suitability of components for the intended use of the personal fall

44、protection system, taking into account all the different phases of use (e.g. access, work); the characteristics of the workplace (e.g. inclination of workplace, location of anchor device); the intended user (e.g. level of competence); compatibility of components (e.g. interaction between anchor devi

45、ce and other components); ergonomic considerations, e.g. by choosing the correct harness and attachment elements to minimise discomfort and stress to the body; information supplied for all components; the need to facilitate safe and effective rescue operations (e.g. to prevent suspension trauma); ch

46、aracteristics of the anchorage, e.g. location and strength. Any component used in a personal fall protection system shall be designed and tested for the intended purpose, e.g. conform to the relevant standards. Components may be used in various types of personal fall protection systems, as long as t

47、hey are suitable for the specific purpose. A rescue plan should always be in place when work at a height is started. EN 363:2008 (E) 7 NOTE It may be useful to provide for additional information that gives advice on specific characteristics and requirements for the system. 4.2 Specific types of pers

48、onal fall protection systems 4.2.1 Restraint system A restraint system is a personal fall protection system that prevents falls from a height by restricting the travel of the user. Characteristics A restraint system restricts the movement of the user, so that he/she is prevented from reaching areas

49、where a fall from a height could occur; is not intended to arrest a fall from a height; is not intended for work in situations where the user needs support from the body holding device (e.g. to prevent him from slipping or falling). Assembly A restraint system shall be assembled in such a way that the user is prevented from reaching areas or positions where the risk of a fall from a height exists. Any suitable body holding device may be used. Any suitable lanyard may be used. Key A anchor point B body holding device C