BS EN 380-1993 Timber structures - Test methods - General principles for static load testing《木结构 试验方法 静荷载试验的一般原则》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 380:1993 Timber structures Test methods General principles for static load testing The European Standard EN380:1993 has the status of a BritishStandard UDC 694.04:624:011:1:624.04BSEN380:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof Technical Committee

2、B/518, was publishedunder the authorityofthe Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15November1993 BSI12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee referenceB/518/1 Draft for comment90/15570DC ISBN 0 580 22318 3 Cooperating organizations The European Committee

3、for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries. Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Stan

4、dardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Lux

5、embourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse

6、de normalisation UnitedKingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN380:1993 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN380 3 National annex NA (informative) Committees resp

7、onsible Inside back coverBSEN380:1993 ii BSI 12-1999 National foreword This BritishStandard has been prepared under the direction of Technical CommitteeB/518, Structural timber. It is the English language version of EN380:1993 Timber structures Test methods General principles for static load testing

8、 published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). No existing BritishStandard is superseded. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British St

9、andard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theEN title page, pages2 to6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had ame

10、ndments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN380 July1993 UDC 694.04:624:011:1:624.04 Descriptors: Timber construction, mechanical tests, static loads, breaking loads English version Timber structure

11、s Test methods General principles for static load testing Structures en bois Mthodes dessais Principes gnraux dessais par chargement statique Holzbauwerke Prfverfahren Allgemeine Grundstze fr die Prfung unter statischen Belastungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on1993-07-15. CEN members

12、 are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application

13、to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same

14、 status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization

15、 Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN380:1993EEN380:1993 BSI 12-1999 2 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by CEN/TC124 “Timber structures”. It was approved f

16、or the CEN final voting by the TC on9th December1991. This standard is one of a series of standards for test methods for building materials and components. It was prepared by a working group under the convenorship of NSAI. NOTEIt is considered desirable to maintain the same clause numbers consistent

17、ly throughout this series of standards. Consequently, some clauses are void in this edition of this standard, but it is envisaged that future editions may need to include a text in these clauses. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an ide

18、ntical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January1994, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January1994. The standard was approved and in accordance with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standar

19、d: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UnitedKingdom. No existing European Standard is superseded. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Sy

20、mbols 3 5 General requirements 3 6 Test methods for static loading 3 6.1 Principle 3 6.2 Number of tests 3 6.3 Apparatus 3 6.4 Preparation 3 6.5 Procedures 4 6.6 Results 5 6.7 Test report 5 Figure 1 Schematic loading procedures 4 Table 1 Basic loading procedure 4EN380:1993 BSI 12-1999 3 1 Scope This

21、 standard specifies the general principles to be adopted for static load testing of timber structures. It is intended for use where it is necessary to verify by test that a structure complies with stated criteria. Relevant parts may be used for proof loading or for the testing of structures in servi

22、ce. This standard is not intended to be used for testing of individual pieces of timber, individual joints or structural scaled models. 2 Normative references None. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 maximum load load at failure; or load where subst

23、antial deformation continues without further increase in load; or the maximum load achieved up to a specified deformation or strain 3.2 timber structure member or assembly of members forming the whole or a part of a load bearing element of construction (e.g.a joist or a truss or a floor panel or a w

24、all panel) 4 Symbols 5 General requirements Materials and workmanship in the structure shall be, as far as practicable, of the minimum quality and dimensions allowed by the relevant specification. The manufacture and assembly of the timber structure shall be representative of the production process

25、likely to be used. The moisture and temperature conditions at the time of test shall be representative of the likely in-service conditions. Deviations may, however, be required for structures composed of materials with different time-dependent properties to obtain the same failure mode as in practic

26、e. 6 Test methods for static loading 6.1 Principle The principle of these test methods involves applying a stated regime of loading to a timber structure, over a stated period of time, and of observing the corresponding deformations and reporting the test results. 6.2 Number of tests Wherever possib

27、le several identical structures of the same design shall be tested to permit the assessment of the variability of the test results. NOTEThe number of structures to be tested and their method of selection will depend on the probable variability in manufacture, the required level of confidence and the

28、 number of loading conditions to be applied. 6.3 Apparatus The accuracy of loading and of deflection and load measurement shall be within3%. The test loading shall be both applied and resisted in a manner approximating to the actual service conditions. Eccentricities, other than those necessary to s

29、imulate service conditions, shall be avoided at points of loading and reaction, and care shall be taken to ensure that no inadvertent restraints are present. 6.4 Preparation Determine the density and moisture content of the materials in the structure. When testing is carried out in a laboratory it s

30、hall be normally maintained at a relative humidity of(65 5)% and a temperature of(20 2) C, unless required otherwise by the normal in-service condition of the test structure. Departures from the required values shall be reported. When testing is carried out other than in a laboratory e.g.in situ, th

31、e environmental conditions of temperature and relative humidity existing during the test shall be reported. F load, in newtons F max maximum load, in newtons F max,est estimated maximum load, in newtons G 1 self weight of the structure, in newtons G 2 applied permanent load, in newtons Q characteris

32、tic value of variable load, in newtons T loading time, in seconds T r recovery time, in seconds factor of less than unity modifying F max,estEN380:1993 4 BSI 12-1999 6.5 Procedures 6.5.1 Basic loading procedure The basic loading procedure consists of the procedural steps(07) described in Table 1. A

33、diagrammatic representation of the loading procedure is given in Figure 1. Table 1 Basic loading procedure 6.5.2 Maximum load procedure1 Procedure1 consists of the basic loading steps(07) concluding by increasing the load up to the maximum load F max(step78 in Figure 1.) If considerable deformation

34、occurs during the application of the load, reduce the rate of loading. 6.5.3 Proof loading procedure2 Procedure2 consists of the basic loading steps(07); the load is removed after a prescribed loadF max,est ( 1) has been reached and the test ended (step79 in Figure 1). NOTEThis procedure is intended

35、 for proof loading and the case when the capacity at more than one load combination is tested. The value of depends on the confidence required in estimating the maximum load capacity. Procedural step Loading procedure Time, in seconds 0 01 12 23 34 45 56 67 a Only G 1acting, and F =0 Apply F = G 2 M

36、aintain F = G 2 Apply F = G 2 +0,5Q Remove0,5Q Apply F = G 2 + Q Maintain F = G 2 + Q Increase F untilF max,estis reached U 120 U 120 U 120 U 240 U 1200 U 600 a The maximum loading rate shall not exceed0,25Q per60s. Figure 1 Schematic loading proceduresEN380:1993 BSI 12-1999 5 6.5.4 Long-term deform

37、ation procedure3 Procedure3 consists of the basic loading steps(07); the loadF max,estis kept constant for a chosen period of time T. The load is then removed and the recovery is measured during a chosen period T r(steps7101112 in Figure 1). 6.5.5 Capacity after long-term loading procedure4 This fol

38、lows procedure3 but in this case the structure is reloaded to failure (steps710111213 in Figure 1). NOTEProcedures3 and4 are intended for the study of deformation at long-term loading and maximum load capacity after long-term loading. 6.6 Results The deformation (e.g.deflection) shall be measured at

39、 the number of points prescribed or as necessary to estimate the performance of the structure. A minimum requirement is that the deformation is measured at the point of expected maximum deformation. Measurements of load and deformation shall be recorded, preferably continuously. A minimum requiremen

40、t is that load and deformation is recorded at each load application or removal (i.e.atthe points marked by circles in Figure 1) and, additionally, at loading increments of above0,1F max,est . During constant load, time and deformation shall normally be recorded continuously. Where this is not possib

41、le it shall be recorded at least five times during the period of constant load (three points in between the starting and final points). 6.7 Test report The test report shall include the following. a) Sampling procedure. b) Quality of materials: species or type, grade, density and moisture content. D

42、eviations from specifications. c) Specifications of design. Deviations from specification. d) Conditions of testing, including methods, distribution of loading and of measuring loads and deformations. Support conditions. e) Test results. Maximum load and deformation. Load/deformation curves; deforma

43、tion/time curves. f) Type and position of fractures. g) Nature and size of defects in the materials which contributed to failure. h) A note of deviations from the general requirements for structures composed of materials with different time-dependent properties. i) Information as to the environmenta

44、l conditions of temperature and relative humidity and resultant changes in moisture content in the test structure, if relevant.6 blankBSEN380:1993 BSI 12-1999 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible The UnitedKingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entru

45、sted by Technical CommitteeB/518, Structural timber, to SubcommitteeB/518/1, Test methods, upon which the following bodies were represented: Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Timber Research and Developm

46、ent Association Wood Panel Products FederationBS EN 380:1993 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is i

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