BS EN 81-43-2009 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Special lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part 43 Lifts for cranes《电梯建造和安装的安全规则 载人和载物专用电.pdf

1、BS EN 81-43:2009ICS 53.020.20; 91.140.90NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDSafety rules for theconstruction andinstallation of lifts Special lifts for thetransport of personsand goodsPart 43: Lifts for cranesThis British Standardwas published under

2、theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 59094 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 81-43:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 81-43:2009.The UK participation in its preparation

3、was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct appli

4、cation.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 81-43:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 81-43May 2009ICS 53.020.20; 91.140.90English VersionSafety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Speciallifts for the transport of

5、 persons and goods - Part 43: Lifts forcranesRgles de scurit pour la construction et linstallation deslvateurs - lvateurs particuliers destins au transportdes personnes et des matriaux - Partie 43: lvateurspour appareils de levage charge suspendueSicherheitsregeln fr die Konstruktion und Installatio

6、n vonAufzgen - Besondere Aufzge fr den Transport vonPersonen und Gtern - Teil 43: KranfhreraufzgeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 April 2009.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the s

7、tatus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).

8、A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic,

9、 Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALIS

10、ATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 81-43:2009: EBS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1

11、Scope 6 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions .8 4 List of significant hazards . 11 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 13 5.1 General . 13 5.2 Load combinations and calculations 14 5.3 Base frame . 19 5.4 Mast, ties and buffers . 19 5.5 Liftway protection and landing acces

12、s 20 5.6 Car 26 5.7 Drive unit . 30 5.8 Electric installations and appliances 36 5.9 Control and limiting devices 39 5.10 Breakdown conditions . 41 6 Verification 43 6.1 Verification of design . 43 6.2 Special verification tests 45 6.3 Verification tests on each lift before first use 49 7 User infor

13、mation . 49 7.1 Instruction handbook . 49 7.2 Markings 54 7.3 Marking of control elements 56 Annex A (normative) European stormwind map . 57 Annex B (normative) Electric safety devices 58 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directiv

14、e 98/37/EC . 59 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 60 Bibliography . 61 BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 3 Figures Figure 1 One example of forces during loading and unloading . 15 Figure 2 One example of a f

15、ull height landing gate . 22 Figure 3 Safety distances for a moving lift car, reduced height landing gates. 23 Figure 4 Reduced height landing gates . 24 Figure 5 Correct mesh of pinion tooth 32 Figure 6 Minimum mesh of pinion tooth . 33 Figure 7 Correct engagement of tooth 33 Figure 8 Minimum engag

16、ement of tooth . 33 Figure A.1 European stormwind map 57 Tables Table 1 Hazards relating to the general design and construction of lifts for persons and materials . 12 Table 2 Load cases and safety factors 17 Table 3 Means of verification of the safety requirements and/or measures . 43 Table B.1 Lis

17、t of electric safety devices 58 BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 81-43:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a nationa

18、l standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of paten

19、t rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document is part of the EN 81 series of standards: “Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts“. This is the first edition. This document has been prepared under a mandate

20、given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives 98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC. For relationship with EU Directives, see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document. According to the CEN/CENEL

21、EC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo

22、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 5 Introduction This document is one of a series of standards produced by CEN/TC 10/SC 1 as part of the CEN programme of work to produce

23、 machinery safety standards. This document is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2003. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. This document gives details for the complete ins

24、tallation. In order to achieve a safe installation of a lift on a crane negotiations shall take place between the manufacturer of the lift and the crane user organisation about the interfaces (e.g. lift way protection, supporting structure, power supplies, suitability of alarm devices) regarding the

25、 responsibility for the supply of these requirements. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed an

26、d built according to the provisions of this type C standard.“ BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 6 1 Scope 1.1 This document specifies the safety requirements for the construction and installation of power operated lifts attached to cranes and intended for access to workplaces on cranes, by authorise

27、d persons. This includes intended use, erection, dismantling, inspection and maintenance. The lift serves defined landing levels and has a load carrying unit which is: a) designed for the transportation of persons and goods; b) guided; c) travelling vertically or along a path within 15 degrees maxim

28、um from the vertical; d) supported by rack and pinion or suspended by steel wire ropes; e) travelling with a speed not more than 1,0 m/s for permanent lifts and not more than 0,4 m/s for temporary lifts. 1.2 This document identifies hazards as listed in Clause 4 which arise during the various phases

29、 in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer. 1.3 This document does not specify the additional requirements for: a) operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields); b)

30、lightning protection; c) operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres); NOTE Directive 94/9/EC concerning equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres can be applicable to the type of machine or equipment covered by this Europea

31、n Standard. The present standard is not intended to provide means of complying with the essential health and safety requirements of Directive 94/9/EC. d) electromagnetic compatibility (emission, immunity); e) handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations; f) the use of com

32、bustion engines; g) hydraulic drive units; h) hazards occurring during manufacturing process; i) hazards occurring as a result of being erected over a public road; j) earthquakes; k) noise (see also Directive on noise emissions from machines used outdoors (2000/14/EC). 1.4 This standard is not appli

33、cable to: a) builders hoists according to EN 12158-1:2000, EN 12158-2:2000 and EN 12159:2000; BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 7 b) elevating control stations according to EN 14502-2:2005+A1:2008; c) lifts according to EN 81-1:1998; d) work platforms carried on the forks of fork trucks; e) work pla

34、tforms; f) funiculars; g) lifts specially designed for military purposes; h) mine lifts; i) theatre elevators. 1.5 This standard deals with the complete lift design but excludes the design of the crane. It includes the base frame and base enclosure but excludes the design of any concrete, hard core,

35、 timber or other foundation arrangement. It includes the design of mast ties and the design of anchorage parts between the mast tie and the crane structure. This standard also includes the design of the landing gates and their fixings. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are in

36、dispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 81-1:1998, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Part 1: Electric

37、 lifts EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Ergonomic requirements for the design of displays and control actuators Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control act

38、uators EN 1037:1995+A1:2008, Safety of machinery Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088:1995+A2:2008, Safety of machinery Interlocking devices associated with guards Principles for design and selection EN 1808:1999, Safety requirements on suspended access equipment Design calculations, stability

39、criteria, construction Tests EN 1999-1-1:2007, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Part 1-1: General structural rules EN 12159:2000, Builders hoists for persons and materials with vertically guided cages EN 13001-2:2004, Cranes General design Part 2: Load actions CEN/TS 13001-3-1:2004, Cranes

40、 General design Part 3-1: Limit states and proof of competence of steel structures EN 13586:2004+A1:2008, Cranes Access EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 32: Requirements for hoisting machines (IEC 60204-32:2008) EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided

41、 by enclosures (IP-Code) (IEC 60529:1989) BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 8 EN 60947-4-1:2001, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2000) EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlge

42、ar Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of m

43、achinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN ISO 14121-1:2007, Safety of machinery Risk assessment Part

44、 1: Principles (ISO 14121-1:2007) ISO 3864-1:2002, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces and public areas ISO 4309:2004, Cranes Wire ropes Care, maintenance, installation, examination and discard ISO 6336-1:2006, Calculation of loa

45、d capacity of spur and helical gears Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 6336-2:2006, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting) ISO 6336-3:2006, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gear

46、s Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending strength ISO 6336-5:2003, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears Part 5: Strength and quality of materials 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply.

47、 3.1 lift machine with a car which is guided and intended for transport between different levels 3.2 working load/rated load maximum load which the lift has been designed to carry in service 3.3 rated speed travelling speed of the car in m/s for which the equipment has been designed 3.4 wire rope li

48、ft lift which uses wire rope as the load suspension system BS EN 81-43:2009EN 81-43:2009 (E) 9 3.5 supporting structure crane and its foundations, giving vertical or horizontal support to the mast of the lift 3.6 rack and pinion lift lift which uses a toothed rack and pinion as the load suspension s

49、ystem 3.7 base frame lowest framework of the lift, upon which all other components are mounted 3.8 guide rails rigid elements which determine the travel way of the load carrying unit, that may form part of the mast 3.9 mast lift mast is the structure that supports the load carrying unit 3.10 mast section indivisible piece of mast, between two adjacent mast joints 3.11 mast tie connection system between the mast of the lift and the supporting structure, providing ho