BS EN 81-50-2014 Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Examinations and tests Design rules calculations examinations and tests of lift components《电梯制造和安装用安全规则.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 81-50:2014Safety rules for theconstruction and installation oflifts Examinations and testsPart 50: Design rules, calculations,examinations and tests of lift componentsBS EN 81-50:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN

2、81-50:2014. Together with BS EN 81-20:2014, it supersedes BS EN81-1:1998+A3:2009 and BS EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009, which will bewithdrawn on 6 August 2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on

3、 this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 76415 8ICS

4、 91.140.90Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 81-50:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NOR

5、ME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 81-50 August 2014 ICS 91.140.90 Supersedes EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009, EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009English Version Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Examinations and tests - Part 50: Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components R

6、gles de scurit pour la construction et linstallation des lvateurs - Examens et essais - Partie 50: Rgles de conception, calculs, examens et essais des composants pour lvateurs Sicherheitsregeln fr die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzgen - Prfungen - Teil 50: Konstruktionsregeln, Berechnungen und

7、 Prfungen von Aufzugskomponenten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 May 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date

8、lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation un

9、der the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former

10、 Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EU

11、ROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 81-50:2014 EBS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 2 Contents Pa

12、ge Foreword 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 List of significant hazards 7 5 Design rules, calculations, examinations and tests 8 5.1 General provisions for type examinations of safety components . 8 5.1.1 Object and extent of the tests 8 5.1.2 Gene

13、ral provisions 9 5.2 Type examination of landing and car door locking devices . 9 5.2.1 General provisions 9 5.2.2 Examination and tests . 10 5.2.3 Test particular to certain types of locking devices 12 5.2.4 Type examination certificate 13 5.3 Type examination of safety gear 13 5.3.1 General provis

14、ions 13 5.3.2 Instantaneous safety gear 13 5.3.3 Progressive safety gear 16 5.3.4 Comments 19 5.3.5 Type examination certificate 19 5.4 Type examination of overspeed governors 19 5.4.1 General provisions 19 5.4.2 Check on the characteristics of the overspeed governor . 20 5.4.3 Type examination cert

15、ificate 21 5.5 Type examination of buffers . 21 5.5.1 General provisions 21 5.5.2 Samples to be submitted 21 5.5.3 Test 22 5.5.4 Type examination certificate 25 5.6 Type examination of safety circuits containing electronic components and/or programmable electronic systems (PESSRAL) 26 5.6.1 General

16、provisions 26 5.6.2 Test samples 26 5.6.3 Tests 27 5.6.4 Type examination certificate 28 5.7 Type examination of ascending car overspeed protection means 29 5.7.1 General provisions 29 5.7.2 Statement and test sample . 29 5.7.3 Test 29 5.7.4 Possible modification to the adjustments 31 5.7.5 Test rep

17、ort 31 5.7.6 Type examination certificate 31 5.8 Type examination of unintended car movement protection means . 31 5.8.1 General provisions 31 5.8.2 Statement and test sample . 32 5.8.3 Test 33 5.8.4 Possible modification to the adjustments 34 5.8.5 Test report 35 5.8.6 Type examination certificate

18、35 BS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 3 5.9 Type examination of rupture valve/one-way restrictor 35 5.9.1 General provisions 35 5.10 Guide rails calculation 40 5.10.1 Range of calculation . 40 5.10.2 Bending 40 5.10.3 Buckling . 41 5.10.4 Combination of bending and compression/tension or buckling str

19、esses 42 5.10.5 Flange bending 43 5.10.6 Deflections . 43 5.11 Evaluation of traction 44 5.11.1 Introduction 44 5.11.2 Traction calculation . 44 5.11.3 Fomulae for a general case 49 5.12 Evaluation of safety factor on suspension ropes for electric lifts . 52 5.12.1 General . 52 5.12.2 Equivalent num

20、ber Nequivof pulleys . 52 5.12.3 Safety factor . 53 5.13 Calculations of rams, cylinders, rigid pipes and fittings 55 5.13.1 Calculation against over pressure . 55 5.13.2 Calculations of the jacks against buckling . 57 5.14 Pendulum shock tests 60 5.14.1 General . 60 5.14.2 Test rig 61 5.14.3 Tests

21、. 61 5.14.4 Interpretation of the results 62 5.14.5 Test report 62 5.15 Electronic components - Failure exclusion 65 5.16 Design rules for programmable electronic systems (PESSRAL) . 72 Annex A (normative) Model form of type examination certificate . 73 Annex B (normative) Programmable electronic sy

22、stems in safety related applications for lifts (PESSRAL) . 74 B.1 Common measures . 74 B.2 Specific measures . 76 B.3 Descriptions of possible measures . 78 Annex C (informative) Example for calculation of guide rails 83 C.1 General . 83 C.2 General configuration for lifts with safety gear . 85 C.2.

23、1 Safety gear operation 85 C.2.2 Normal operation, running . 87 C.2.3 Normal operation, loading 88 Annex D (informative) Calculation of traction Example . 90 Annex E (informative) Equivalent number of pulleys Nequiv- Examples . 92 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard an

24、d the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 95/16/EC amended by Directive 2006/42/EC . 93 Bibliography 94 BS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 81-50:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is h

25、eld by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibilit

26、y that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document, in conjunction with EN 81-20:2014 supersedes EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009 and EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009. This document h

27、as been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. The content of this s

28、tandard provides the design rules, calculations, examinations and tests for lifts component, the requirements of which are specified in other EN 81 series of standards. Therefore this standard can only be used in conjunction with the standards for specific lift types, e.g. EN 81-20 for passenger and

29、 goods passenger lifts. This is the first edition of the standard. The need for replacement was based on the following points: improvement in safety due to changes in available technology; the need to reflect changes to the state of the art; incorporation of essential health and safety requirements

30、from the relevant EU Directives; elimination of obvious errors; incorporation of proposals resulting from interpretation requests1); improvement of the references to other standards according to the progress in that field. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards org

31、anizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg

32、, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. 1) Within CEN/TC 10 an interpretation committee has been established to answer questions about the spirit in which the experts have drafted the various clauses of t

33、his standard. All such interpretations are published within CEN TS 81-11 until incorporated by amendment into the standards concerned. BS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 5 Introduction The object of this standard is to define safety rules related to lifts with a view to safeguarding persons and objec

34、ts against the risk of accidents associated with the user-, maintenance- and emergency operation of lifts. Reference should be made to the respective introductions of the standards calling for the use of this standard with regard to persons and objects to be safeguarded, assumptions, principles, etc

35、. BS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the design rules, calculations, examinations and tests of lift components which are referred to by other standards used for the design of passenger lifts, goods passenger lifts, goods only lifts, and other similar types o

36、f lifting appliances. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced documen

37、t (including any amendments) applies. EN 81-20:2014, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts Lifts for the transport of persons and goods Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts EN 10025 (all parts), Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels - Technical delivery con

38、ditions EN 12385-5, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 5: Stranded ropes for lifts EN 60068-2-6, Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-6) EN 60068-2-14, Environmental testing - Part 14: Tests Test N. Change of temperature (IEC 60068-2-14) EN 60068-2-27, E

39、nvironmental testing - Part 2-27: Tests - Test Ea and guidance: Shock (IEC 60068-2-27) EN 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid insulating materials (IEC 60112) EN 60664-1:2007, Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems

40、- Part 1: Principles, requirements and tests (IEC 60664-1:2007) EN 60947-4-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters - Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1) EN 60947-5-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 5-1: Control ci

41、rcuit devices and switching elements - Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1) EN 61508-1:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems -Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61508-1:2010) EN 61508-2:2010, Functional safety of electrica

42、l/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems -Part 2: Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems (IEC 61508-2:2010) EN 61508-3:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety related systems -Part 3: Software r

43、equirements (IEC 61508-3:2010) EN 61508-7:2010, Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety related systems -Part 7: Overview of techniques and measures (IEC 61508-7:2010) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk

44、reduction (ISO 12100:2010) BS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 approved body organization or manufacturer, operating an approved full quality assurance system to undertake testing of safety comp

45、onents 3.2 safety component component provided2)to fulfil a safety function when in use 3.3 type examination certificate document issued by an approved body carrying out a type-examination in which it certifies that the product example under consideration complies with the provisions applicable to i

46、t 4 List of significant hazards This clause contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk (see Tab

47、le 1). 2)Under the Lifts Directive there is a list of items considered as safety components including safety gear, speed governor, landing door locks, etc. For the purposes of this standard other components may also be regarded as safety components where the aim is to certify their safe operation by

48、 type testing. BS EN 81-50:2014EN 81-50:2014 (E) 8 Table 1 - List of significant hazards No Hazards as listed in Annex B of EN ISO 12100:2010 Relevant clauses 1 Mechanical hazards due to: Acceleration, deceleration (kinetic energy) 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; 5.7; 5.8; 5.9 Approach of a moving element to a fixed

49、 part 5.2 1 Mechanical hazards due to: (continued) Elastic elements 5.10; 5.11; 5.12; 5.13 Falling objects 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; 5.9 Gravity (stored energy) 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; 5.9 Height from the ground 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; 5.9 High pressure 5.13 Moving elements 5.2; 5.3; 5.4; 5.5; 5.6; 5.7; 5.8; 5.9; 5.10; 5.11; 5.12; 5.13; 5.14; 5.15; 5.16 Rotating elements 5.4; 5.11; 5.12 Stability 5.10; 5.11; 5.12; 5.13; 5.14 Strength 5.10; 5.11; 5.12; 5.13; 5.14 2 Electrical hazards Arc 5,2; 5.4; 5.6; 5.7; 5.8; 5.15; 5.16 Electrostatic phenomena 5,2; 5.4; 5.6; 5.7; 5.8; 5.15