1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 993-6:1995 BS1902-4.4: 1995 Methods of test for Dense shaped refractory products Part 6: Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature The European Standard EN993-6:1995 has the status of a British StandardBSEN993-6:1995 This British Standard, having been prepared
2、 under the directionof the Refractory Products Standards Policy Committee, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 May 1995 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference RPM/1 Draft for comment93/302938 D
3、C ISBN 0 580 23606 4 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries: Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge d
4、e normalisation Denmark Dansk Standard Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Association franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of
5、 Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiser
6、ingskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom British Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN993-6:1995 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Te
7、xt of EN993-6 3 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back coverBSEN993-6:1995 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Refractory Products Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN993-6:199
8、5 Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products Part6:Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature, published by the European Committee for European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It supersedes BS1902-4.4:1984 which is withdrawn. EN993-6 was produced as a result of interna
9、tional discussions in which the UK took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from lega
10、l obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, theENtitle page, pages2 to6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the
11、amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN993-6 February1995 ICS 81.080 Descriptors: Refractory materials, shapedrefractories, bend tests, environmental tests, determination, break modulus English version Methods of test for dense shaped refractory
12、 products Part6: Determination of modulus of rupture at ambient temperature Mthodes dessai pour produits rfractaires faonns denses Partie6: Dtermination du module de rupture par flexion temprature ambiante Prfverfahren fr dichte geformte feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Teil6: Bestimmung der Biegefestigkeit b
13、ei Raumtemperatur This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1995-02-15. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and biblio
14、graphical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. The European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
15、 CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sp
16、ain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1995 Copyright reserved to CEN members Ref. No. EN993-6:1995 EEN993-6:1995 BSI 07-1999 2 Fore
17、word This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC187, Refractory products and materials, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. It is closely based on the corresponding International Standard ISO5014 Shaped refractory products Determination of modulus of rupture at ambien
18、t temperature, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Reproducibility and repeatability data are not available at present but may be included in a subsequent edition. EN993 Methods of test for dense shaped refractory products consists of18 Parts: Part 1: Determination
19、 of bulk density, apparent porosity and true porosity; Part 2: Determination of true density; Part 3: Test methods for carbon-containing refractories; Part 4: Determination of permeability to gases; Part 5: Determination of cold crushing strength; Part 6: Determination of modulus of rupture at ambie
20、nt temperature; Part 7: Determination of modulus of rupture at elevated temperatures; Part 8: Determination of refractoriness-under-load; Part 9: Determination of creep in compression; Part 10: Determination of permanent change in dimensions on heating; Part 11: Determination of resistance to therma
21、l shock (ENV); Part 12: Determination of pyrometric cone equivalent; Part 13: Specification for pyrometric cones; Part 14: Determination of thermal conductivity (hot wire, cross-array); Part 15: Determination of thermal conductivity (hot wire, parallel); Part 16: Determination of resistance to acids
22、; Part 17: Determination of bulk density of granular material (mercury method); Part 18: Determination of bulk density of granular material (water method). This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the la
23、test by August1995, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August1995. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Irela
24、nd, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 3 2 Definition 3 3 Principle 3 4 Apparatus 3 5 Preparation of test pieces 3 6 Procedure 4 7 Expression of results 5 8 Test report 5 Figure 1 Arrangements and dimensions
25、of test piece and bearing edges of loading device for tolerances, see Table 1 4 Figure 2 Diagrammatic representation of loading device Intermediate bearing piece 4 Table 1 Dimensions and tolerances associated with the tests on test pieces of various sizes 5EN993-6:1995 BSI 07-1999 3 1 Scope This Par
26、t of EN993 specifies a method for the determination of the modulus of rupture of dense and insulating shaped refractory products at ambient temperature, under conditions of a constant rate of increase of stress. The method relates primarily to shaped and fired refractories. If it is to be applied to
27、 chemically bonded or tar-bonded bricks, they will usually require some form of preliminary heat treatment. This preliminary treatment, the details of which are outside the scope of this standard, is a matter of agreement between the interested parties and shall be described in the test report. 2 De
28、finition For the purposes of this Part of EN993, the following definition applies. modulus of rupture the maximum stress that a prismatic test piece of specified dimensions can withstand when it is bent in a three-point bending device 3 Principle Loading of test pieces of the product to be tested at
29、 a constant rate of increase of stress until failure occurs. 4 Apparatus 4.1 Loading device 4.1.1 The loading device shall have three bearing edges, two to support the test piece and one for the application of the load (see Figure 1). The three edges shall have a radius of curvature in accordance wi
30、th the requirements given in Table 1 and shall be of length not less than5mm greater than the breadth (b) of the test piece. The line contact of the three edges shall be parallel to each other in a direction perpendicular to the length and the plane of the breadth of the test piece. Two supporting e
31、dges shall rest on an intermediate bearing piece, cylindrical on its lower surface, so that each edge may rotate independently in a vertical plane to accomodate any slight twist in the test piece. Alternatively, one supporting edge may be fixed, with the other supporting edge and the loadbearing edg
32、e being capable of rotation in a vertical plane. The distance between the two supporting edges shall be in accordance with Table 2 and the loadbearing edge shall be positioned equidistantly, at 2mm from each supporting edge. (See Figure 1 and Figure 2). 4.1.2 The loading device shall be capable of a
33、pplying a load uniformly across the centre of the test piece and of increasing it at a uniform rate. A means shall be provided of recording or indicating the load at failure with an accuracy of 2 %. 4.2 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at(110 5) C. 5 Preparation of test pieces 5.1 Number 5.1
34、.1 The number of items (for example, bricks shapes, nozzles) to be tested shall be determined by agreement between the interested parties. 5.1.2 If test pieces are cut out of bricks or blocks, the same number shall be cut from each one, in order to facilitate statistical analysis. NOTEThe number of
35、test pieces to be cut from each item (which detail is outside the scope of this standard) is a matter for agreement between the interested parties. It should be stated in the test report. 5.2 Shape and sixe Each test piece shall be a whole standard rectangular brick (230mm 114mm 76mm or230mm 114mm 6
36、4mm) or one of the other sizes shown in Table 1. 5.3 Preparation 5.3.1 Standard size bricks (see5.2) shall be tested as received. 5.3.2 If test pieces are cut out of bricks, it shall be done in such a way that, if the direction in which the brick was pressed is known, the upper longitudinal face in
37、the testing position (the face in compression) is parallel to, or coincides with, one of the original faces of the brick perpendicular to the direction of pressing. NOTECutting with a continuous rim diamond wheel is recommended. If a serrated rim wheel is used, the edges of the cut where the wheel e
38、merges are often frayed; it is therefore recommended that such a wheel should enter the face of the brick that is to form the tensile face of the test piece during the test. 5.3.3 The direction of pressing, if known, shall be marked on the test piece. EN993-6:1995 4 BSI 07-1999 6 Procedure 6.1 Dry t
39、he test piece to constant mass in the oven (see4.2), controlled at(110 5) C, cooling it each time away from moisture. 6.2 Measure the breadth and height of each test piece at its mid-point with an accuracy of 0,1mm and the distance between the supporting edges with an accuracy of 0,5mm. 6.3 Place th
40、e test piece on the lower bearing edges of the loading device (see4.1) so that it rests symmetrically across them. When the test piece is a normal standard brick, the face bearing any brand mark, i.e.the upper face, shall be in compression. If the test pieces have been cut out of the brick, the face
41、 of the test piece which corresponds to the original face of the brick (if it has been preserved) shall be in compression. Figure 1 Arrangements and dimensions of test piece and bearing edges of loading device for tolerances, see Table 1 Figure 2 Diagrammatic representation of loading device Interme
42、diate bearing pieceEN993-6:1995 BSI 07-1999 5 6.4 Apply the load vertically on to the test piece until failure occurs. The rate of increase of stress shall be: a) for a dense shaped refractory product or material:0,15 MPa/s 0,015 MPa/s; b) for a shaped insulating refractory product or material:0,05
43、MPa/s 0,005 MPa/s. 6.5 Record the load at which failure of the test piece occurs (F max ) and the temperature at which the test was conducted. 7 Expression of results 7.1 The modulus of rupture F is the ratio of the bending moment at the point of failure M maxto the moment of resistance W (the secti
44、on modulus), and is calculated from the following equation: 7.2 The result shall be expressed in megapascals. 7.3 For bricks of standard size, the value obtained for a brick constitutes the result of that item. 7.4 For cut test pieces, record the individual values and the mean value for each item; t
45、hese constitute the result for that item. 8 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) the name of the testing establishment; b) the date of the test; c) a reference to this European Standard, i.e.determined in accordance with EN993-6; d) the designation of the bricks te
46、sted (manufacturer, type, shape, batch number); e) the number of items tested; f) the pretreatment, if any, given to the test pieces (see 1.2); g) the number of test pieces per item; h) the dimensions of the test pieces; i) the position of the test pieces in the item; j) the distance between the sup
47、ports; k) the nominal rate of tensile stress increase for each test piece; either l) the individual values and the mean values of the modulus of rupture for each item (when more than one test piece is cut from each item); or m) the value of the modulus of rupture for each item (when whole bricks are
48、 used). Table 1 Dimensions and tolerances associated with the tests on test pieces of various sizes where F max is the maximum force exerted on the test piece, in N; L S is the distance between the points of support of the test piece, in mm; b is the breadth of the test piece, in mm; h is the height
49、 of the test piece, in mm. All dimensions are in millimetres Text piece size l b h Tolerance for the breadth b and height h Tolerance for the parallelism of the cross-section sides Tolerance for the parallelism of the top and bottom faces Distance between supports L s Radius of curvature for the loading edge and bearing edges 230 114 76 230 114 64 180 1 15 0,5 200 40 40 1 0,15 0,25 180 1 5 0,5 150 25 25 1 0,1 0,2 125 1 5 0,56 blank
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