BS EN 10228-3-2016 Non-destructive testing of steel forgings Ultrasonic testing of ferritic or martensitic steel forgings《钢锻件无损检验 铁素体或马氏体钢锻件超声检验》.pdf

1、BS EN 10228-3:2016Non-destructive testing of steelforgingsPart 3: Ultrasonic testing of ferritic ormartensitic steel forgingsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 10228-3:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementa

2、tion of EN 10228-3:2016. It supersedes BS EN 10228-3:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/111, Steel Castings and Forgings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This public

3、ation does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 80531 8 ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.85 Compliance with a British Standard cannot con

4、fer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 10228-3:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN

5、10228-3 June 2016 ICS 77.040.20; 77.140.85 Supersedes EN 10228-3:1998English Version Non-destructive testing of steel forgings - Part 3: Ultrasonic testing of ferritic or martensitic steel forgings Essais non destructifs des pices forges en acier - Partie 3 : Contrle par ultrasons des pices forges e

6、n aciers ferritiques et martensitiques Zerstrungsfreie Prfung von Schmiedestcken aus Stahl - Teil 3: Ultraschallprfung von Schmiedestcken aus ferritischem oder martensitischem Stahl This European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 October 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Int

7、ernal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to an

8、y CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official v

9、ersions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norwa

10、y, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploit

11、ation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 10228-3:2016 EBS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Mandatory information 6 5 Test procedure . 6 5.1 Gene

12、ral 6 5.2 Form . 6 5.3 Content 7 6 Personnel qualification . 7 7 Equipment and accessories . 7 7.1 Instrument . 7 7.2 Probes 7 7.2.1 General 7 7.2.2 Contouring . 8 7.2.3 Nominal frequency . 8 7.2.4 Normal-beam probes . 8 7.2.5 Angle-beam probes . 8 7.2.6 Dual-element probes . 8 7.3 Calibration block

13、s . 8 7.4 Reference blocks . 8 7.5 Couplant 8 8 Routine calibration and checking . 9 9 Stage of manufacture . 9 10 Surface condition 9 10.1 General 9 10.2 Surface finish related to quality class 9 10.3 As-forged surface condition 9 11 Test sensitivity 10 11.1 General . 10 11.2 Normal-beam probes 10

14、11.3 Angle-beam probes 10 11.4 Repeat testing 10 12 Scanning 10 12.1 General . 10 12.2 Complex forgings 11 12.3 Grid scanning coverage 11 12.4 100 % scanning coverage 11 12.5 Scanning speed 11 13 Classification 14 13.1 Classification of indications . 14 13.2 Classification of discontinuities 16 BS E

15、N 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 3 14 Recording levels and acceptance criteria 18 15 Sizing . 20 16 Test report 20 Annex A (informative) Maximum testable depth and corresponding beam path range for circumferential angle beam scans 22 Annex B (informative) Amplitude of indication in dB relative to %

16、 DAC 23 Annex C (informative) Significant technical changes to the version EN 10228-3:1998 . 24 BS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 10228-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ECISS/TC 111 “Steel castings and forgings”, the secretariat of which is h

17、eld by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2016 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibil

18、ity that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 10228-3:1998. Annex C provides the significant technical changes to the previous version EN

19、10228-3:1998. EN 10228 consists of the following parts under the general title Non-destructive testing of steel forgings: Part 1: Magnetic particle inspection; Part 2: Penetrant testing; Part 3: Ultrasonic testing of ferritic or martensitic steel forgings; Part 4: Ultrasonic testing of austenitic an

20、d austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Fo

21、rmer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 5

22、 1 Scope This European Standard describes techniques to be used for the manual, pulse-echo, ultrasonic testing of forgings manufactured from ferritic and martensitic steel. Mechanized scanning techniques, such as immersion testing, may be used but should be agreed between the purchaser and supplier

23、(see Clause 4). This part of EN 10228 applies to four types of forgings, classified according to their shape and method of production. Types 1, 2 and 3 are essentially simple shapes. Type 4 covers complex shapes. This part of EN 10228 does not apply to: closed die forgings; turbine rotor and generat

24、or forgings. Ultrasonic testing of austenitic and austenitic-ferritic stainless steel forgings is the subject of EN 10228-4. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated reference

25、s, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1330-1, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 1: List of general terms EN 1330-4, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 4: Terms used in ultrasonic te

26、sting EN 12668-1, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 1: Instruments EN 12668-2, Non-destructive testing Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 2: Probes EN 12668-3, Non-destructive testing Characteriz

27、ation and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment Part 3: Combined equipment EN ISO 2400, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Specification for calibration block No. 1 (ISO 2400) EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel (ISO 9712) EN ISO 1

28、6811, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Sensitivity and range setting (ISO 16811) EN ISO 16827, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic testing Characterization and sizing of discontinuities (ISO 16827) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in

29、 EN 1330-1 and EN 1330-4 apply. BS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 6 4 Mandatory information The following aspects concerning ultrasonic testing shall be agreed between the purchaser and supplier at the time of the enquiry or order: a) the manufacturing stage(s) at which ultrasonic testing shall

30、be performed (see Clause 9); b) the volume(s) to be tested and whether grid scanning coverage or 100 % scanning coverage is required. (see Clause 12); c) the use of dual-element probes for near surface testing (see 7.2.6); d) the quality class required, or the quality classes and the zones to which

31、they apply (see Clause 14); e) the applicable recording/acceptance criteria if different from those detailed in Table 5, Table 6 or Table 7; f) whether any special scanning coverage, equipment or couplant is required in addition to that detailed in Clauses 7 and 12; g) the scanning technique to be u

32、sed if not manual (see Clause 1); h) the sizing techniques to be used for extended discontinuities (see Clause 15); i) the technique(s) to be used for setting sensitivity (see Clause 11); j) whether the test shall be conducted in the presence of the purchaser or his representative; k) whether a writ

33、ten procedure shall be submitted for approval by the purchaser (see Clause 5); l) whether testing by angle-beam probes is required (see 11.3); m) the remaining test requirements for complex forgings (type 4) (see 12.2). 5 Test procedure 5.1 General Ultrasonic testing shall be performed in accordance

34、 with a written test procedure. Where specified in the enquiry or order, the written test procedure shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval prior to the test. 5.2 Form This written test procedure shall be one of the following: a) a product specification; b) a procedure written specifically

35、for the application; c) this part of EN 10228 may be used if it is accompanied by testing details specific to the application. BS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 7 5.3 Content The test procedure shall contain the following details as minimum requirements: a) description of the forgings to be test

36、ed; b) reference documents; c) qualification of testing personnel; d) stage of manufacture at which the test is carried out; e) surface areas specified in terms of the applicable quality classes; f) preparation of scanning surfaces; g) couplant; h) description of the test equipment; i) calibration a

37、nd checking of the test equipment; j) scanning plan; k) description and sequence of testing operations; l) recording/evaluation levels; m) characterization of discontinuities; n) acceptance criteria; o) test report. 6 Personnel qualification Personnel shall be qualified in accordance with EN ISO 971

38、2. 7 Equipment and accessories 7.1 Instrument The ultrasonic instrument shall feature A-Scan presentation and conform to EN 12668-1. 7.2 Probes 7.2.1 General Normal-beam probes and angle-beam probes shall conform to the requirements of EN 12668-2. Where further information is required supplementary

39、probes may also be used. Supplementary probes shall not be used for the initial detection of discontinuities. It is recommended that supplementary probes conform to EN 12668-2. BS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 8 7.2.2 Contouring Probes shall be contoured when required by EN ISO 16811. 7.2.3 Nom

40、inal frequency Probes shall have a nominal frequency in the range from 1 MHz to 6 MHz. 7.2.4 Normal-beam probes Effective transducer diameter shall be in the range from 10 mm to 40 mm. 7.2.5 Angle-beam probes For the transverse waves, the angle-beam probes shall be in the range from 35 to 70. Effect

41、ive transducer area shall be in the range from 20 mm2to 625 mm2. 7.2.6 Dual-element probes If near-surface testing is required (see Clause 4), then dual-element probes shall be used. 7.3 Calibration blocks Calibration blocks shall conform to EN ISO 2400. 7.4 Reference blocks Reference blocks shall b

42、e made available when sensitivity shall be established by the distance- amplitude curve (DAC) technique and/or when discontinuities shall be sized in terms of amplitude relative to reference reflectors by the DAC technique. The surface condition of the reference block shall be representative of the

43、surface condition of the object to be tested. Unless otherwise specified the reference block shall contain at least three reflectors covering the entire depth range under examination. The form of the reference block will depend upon the application. It shall be manufactured from one of the following

44、: a) an excess length of the object to be tested; b) a part of the same material and with the same heat treatment condition as the object to be tested; c) an object having similar acoustic properties to the object to be tested. Reference blocks shall not be used for the distance-gain-size (DGS) tech

45、nique unless it is required to check the accuracy of a particular DGS diagram. The sizes of reflectors in the reference block are governed by the sizes detailed in Tables 5 and 6 as appropriate. Different sizes of reflectors from those detailed in Tables 5 and 6 may be used provided the test sensiti

46、vity is corrected accordingly. 7.5 Couplant The couplant used shall be appropriate to the application. The same type of couplant shall be used for the setting of range and sensitivity, for scanning and for the assessment of discontinuities. NOTE Examples of suitable couplants are: water (with or wit

47、hout corrosion inhibitor or softener), grease, oil, glycerol and water cellulose paste. BS EN 10228-3:2016EN 10228-3:2016 (E) 9 After completion of the test, the couplant shall be removed if its presence could adversely affect later manufacturing or testing operations or the integrity of the test ob

48、ject. 8 Routine calibration and checking The combined equipment (instrument and probes) shall be calibrated and checked in accordance with the requirements detailed in EN 12668-3. 9 Stage of manufacture Ultrasonic testing shall be performed after the final heat treatment unless otherwise agreed at t

49、he time of enquiry or order (see Clause 4), e.g. at the latest possible stage of manufacture for areas of the forging which are not practicable to test after the final heat treatment. For both cylindrical and rectangular forgings, which shall be bored, it is recommended to carry out ultrasonic testing before boring. 10 Surface condition 10.1 General Scanning surfaces shall be free from paint, non-adhering scale, dry couplant, surface irregularities or any other substance which could reduce coupling efficiency, hinder the fr