BS EN 12195-3-2001 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles - Safety - Lashing chains《道路车辆上物件的系固用具 安全 捆绑链》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12195-3:2001 Load restraint assemblies on road vehicles Safety Part 3: Lashing chains The European Standard EN 12195-3:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 43.020; 53.080; 55.180.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN 12195-3:20

2、01 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 2001 BSI 06-2001 ISBN 0 580 37309 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English la

3、nguage version of EN 12195-3:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/16, Load restraint assemblies, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The

4、British Standards which implement these international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue

5、. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; p

6、resent to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside fron

7、t cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 16, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN121953 April2001

8、 ICS53.080;55.180.99 Englishversion LoadrestraintassembliesonroadvehiclesSafetyPart3: Lashingchains Dispositifsdarrimagedeschargesborddesvhicules routiersScuritPartie3:Chanesdamarrage LadungssicherungseinrichtungenaufStraenfahrzeugen SicherheitTeil3:Zurrketten ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon2

9、0January2001. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementC

10、entreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsb

11、odiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassar

12、t,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN121953:2001EPage2 EN121953:2001 Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1Scope. 3 2Normativereferences 3 3Termsanddefinitions 4 4Hazards 7 5Safetyrequirements 7 6Verificationofsaf

13、etyrequirements 9 7Instructionsforuse 10 8Marking 10 9Manufacturerscertificate 11 AnnexA(normative)Hazards 12 AnnexB(normative)Specificationforinformationforuseandmaintenance tobeprovidedbythemanufacturer. 14 Bibliography . 16 Foreword ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC168

14、“Chains,ropes,webbing,slings andaccessoriesSafety“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyBSI. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyOctober2001,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatest byOctober2001. Th

15、eannexesAandBarenormative. ThePartsofEN12195Loadrestraintassembliesonroadvehiclesare: Part1:Calculationoflashingforces Part2:Weblashingsmadefrommanmadefibres Part3:Lashingchains Part4:Wirelashingropes ThisisthefirsteditionofthisPartofEN12195. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationals

16、tandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sw eden, SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.Page3 EN121953:2001 Introduction ThisEu

17、ropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedtoprovideonemeansofconformingwiththeessentialsafety requirementsonlashingchainsintheCommonEuropeanMarketandthusenablingthefreemovementofgoods. Theextenttowhichhazardsarecoveredisindicatedinthescopeofthisstandard.Inadditionlashingchainsfor securingofloadsonvehiclesshouldc

18、onformasappropriatetoEN292forhazardswhicharenotcoveredbythis Standard. 1Scope ThisPartofEN12195specifiessafetyrequirementsforlashingchainsandlashingcombinationswithchainforthe safesurfacetransportofgoodsonloadcarriers,e.g.trucksandtrailerswhichareusedonroadsorlocatedonvessels oronrailwaggonsand/orco

19、mbinationsthereof.Thestandardincludesonlytensioningdevicestobehanddrivenwith amaximumhandforceof500N.Itdoesnotgiverequirementsformultipurposeleverblocksotherthantothetypeof finetolerancechainandtheadditionalmarkingofthemaximumhandoperatingforce. ThisPartofEN12195dealswithhazardswhichcouldoccurwhenla

20、shingchainsareinuseasintendedandunder conditionsforeseenbythemanufacturer(seeclause4andAnnexA). 2Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporates,bydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelistedh

21、ereafter.Fordated references,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropeanStandardonly whenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthepublication referredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN2921:1991 SafetyofmachineryBasicconcepts,gen

22、eralprinciplesfordesignPart1:Basicterminology,methodology EN2922:1991 SafetyofmachineryBasicconcepts,generalprinciplesfordesignPart2:Technicalprinciplesandspecifications EN8181:1996 ShortlinkchainforliftingpurposesSafetyPart1:Generalconditionsofacceptance EN8182:1996 Shortlinkchainforliftingpurposes

23、SafetyPart2:MediumtolerancechainforchainslingsGrade8 prEN8187:1998 ShortlinkchainforliftingpurposesSafetyPart7:Finetolerancechainforhoists,GradeT(TypesT,DATandDT) EN16771 ComponentsforslingsSafetyPart1:Forgedsteelcomponents,Grade8 EN16772 ComponentsforslingsSafetyPart2:Forgedsteelliftinghookswithlat

24、ch,Grade8 EN16774 ComponentsforslingsSafetyPart4:Links,Grade8 prEN121951:2000 LoadrestraintassembliesonroadvehiclesSafetyPart1:Calculationoflashingforces prEN13157:1998 CranesSafetyHandpoweredcranesPage4 EN121953:2001 3Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisPartofEN12195thefollowingtermsanddefiniti

25、onsapply. ExamplesaregiveninFigure1. 3.1 loadrestraintassembly systemsanddevicesforthesecuringofloadsprEN121951:2000. 3.2 lashingequipment devicedesignedtobeattachedtothelashingpointsinordertosecurethecargoonaloadcarrier.Thelashing equipmentconsistsoftensioningelements(e.g.webbing,chain,wirerope),te

26、nsioningdevices(e.g.wrench,ratchet, spanner,tensionjack)andconnectingcomponents,ifrequired(e.g.hook,terminallink). 3.3 lashingchain deviceforsecuringtheload,consistingofatensioningdeviceandachainwithorwithoutconnectingcomponents. 3.4 connectionandtensioningdevice deviceforconnectionandtensioning(e.g

27、.spindleloadbinders,multipurposeleverblocks);seeCinFigure1. 3.5 combinedlashing deviceforsecuringaload,consistingoftensioningdeviceandachaincombinedwithtextilewebbingsorsteelwire ropes,withorwithoutconnectingcomponents. 3.6 connectingcomponent devicebetweenthechainand/orthetensioningdeviceandthelash

28、ingpointand/ortheload. 3.7 tensionforceindicator devicewhichindicatestheforceinthelashingsystem(seeE1inFigure1). 3.8 lashingpoint securingdeviceonaloadcarriertowhichalashingmaybedirectlyattached.Alashingpointcanbeforexamplean ovallink,ahook,aDring,alashingrail. 3.9 lashingcapacity(LC) maximumforcefo

29、ruseinstraightpullthatalashingisdesignedtosustaininuseprEN121951:2000. 3.10 breakingforce(BF) maximumforcethatthelashingchaincanwithstand,whentestedintheformofarepresentativelashing,plete withloadbinderandconnectingcomponents. 3.11 tensionforce forceinthelashingchaincreatedbytensioningofthetensionin

30、gdevice.Page5 EN121953:2001 3.12 standardtensionforce (S TF ) residualforceafterphysicalreleaseofthehandleofthetensioningdevice. 3.13 handoperatingforce (H F ) forceappliedtothehandleofthetensioningdevicewhichcreatesthetensionforceinthelashing. 3.14 standardhandforce (S HF ) residualforceatastandard

31、handforceof500Northemaximalforceatthelabelledhandforcegivenonthe tensioningdevice. 3.15 competentperson designatedperson,suitablytrainedqualifiedbyknowledgeandpracticalexperienceandwiththenecessary instructionstoenabletherequiredtestsandexaminationstobecarriedout. 3.16 traceabilitycode seriesoflette

32、rsand/ornumbersmarkedonacomponentwhichenablesitsmanufacturinghistory,includingidentityof thecaststeelused,tobetraced.Page6 EN121953:2001 A Completelashingequipment: lashingchain D Connectingcomponents A1 Marking D1 Lashinghook D2 Terminallink B Tensioningelement: roundsteellinkchain D3 Shackle D4 Sh

33、orteningcomponent C Tensioningdevices D5 Connectingcomponent C1 Turnbuckle D6 Dampingcomponent C2 Shortloadbinder/quickloadbinder D7 Combinationcomponent C3 Ratchet E1 Tensionforceindicator C4 Multipurposeleverblock E2 Overloadindicator NOTEOnlytypeofchainandmarkingofthemaximumhandoperatedforcearein

34、cludedinscope Figure1Examplesoflashingchains,includingtensioningdevicesCandconnectingcomponentsDPage7 EN121953:2001 4Hazards Thegeneralhazardscausedbytheloadorpartsofloadduringimproperuseoflashingchainsorthenonuseofload securingdevicesaregiveninAnnexA. Hazardsdescribedinthefollowingrefertopersons,wh

35、ocanbeendangereddirectlywhenhandlingthelashing chains,e.g.duringtensioningandunloading. HazardsshallbeevaluatedinaccordancewithEN2921:1991. Therequirementsofclause5,thetestinclause6andtheusersinstructionshavebeenharmonizedsuchthatchains andtensioningdevicesconformingtothisEuropeanStandardaredesigned

36、anddimensionedsuchthatthefollowing hazardsaretakenintoaccount,iftheyareusedinaccordancewiththemanufacturersinstructions: a) Hazardsofbeinghit,losingonesbalanceorfallingduringapplicationofforce,duetodefectiveequipment, suddenbreakageormalfunctionofthetensioningleadingtothesuddenabsenceofthehandreacti

37、onforce. b) Injuriesbypinchingandshearing,handandarminjuriesduringmanipulationoftensioningdevicesduetosharp edgesofthechainandtensioningdevices. c) Hazardstotheunloadingpersonneldueloadshavingmovedduringtransport,becauseofinadequatesecuring, malfunctionlikerecoilorbreakageofequipmentordefectiveequip

38、mentandthenmayfallontothepersonnel, especiallywhenopeningthesidepanels. d) Hazardsduetowrongcombinationsmadeupbytheoperator. Theergonomicrequirementsaretakenintoaccountbythefactthatthemaximumhandforcehasbeendefinedin5.2 andclause7.Somepersons,however,areabletoapplywithbothhandsorunpermittedleverscon

39、siderablyhigher forces.Accordinglyreferenceismadeintheusersinstructiontothehandforcehavingavalueof 500N. TableA.1givesasurveyofallhazardsandthecorrespondingrequirements. 5Safetyrequirements 5.1Componentsofalashingchain 5.1.1Chain Thechainshallconformto EN8182:1996 orinmultipurposeleverblockcomplying

40、toprEN13157:1998andto prEN8187:1998,typeT. Lashingchainsfortimbertransport(Longtimberorroundtimber)onlyshallbeinaccordancewithEN8182:1996,but withamaximumpitchof6 d n .Thebenddeflection f shallbeincreasedinaccordancewithTable1. Table1Benddeflectionofsomenominalsizes d n 69 1 1 m m f 91 31 6m mPage8

41、EN121953:2001 5.1.2Connectingcomponents Connectingcomponentsshallconform: fortypeD4,D5andD7 toEN16771; fortypeD1 toEN16772; fortypeD2 toEN16774. Connectingandshorteningcomponentsshallhaveasecuringdeviceagainstworkingloose. 5.2Tensioningdevices Thereshallbenosharpedgeswhichmaycomeintocontactwiththeop

42、eratorshands. Ontensioningdeviceoperatedbyhand,therecoiltraveloftheendofthetensioningdeviceshallnotexceed150mm. Tensioningdevicesshallbedesignedtoneedanintentionalactiontoreleasethetensioninthelashing. Turnbucklesandshortloadbindersshallhaveasecuringdeviceagainstworkingloose.Tensioningdeviceswithhoo

43、k shapedendsshallhaveasecuringdeviceagainstworkingloose. Tensioningdevicesshallbesodesignedthattherearenocrushingorshearingpointswhichmightleadtothehands oftheoperatorbeinginjuredduringintendeduse. Aresidualtensionofatleast0,25LCforchainofd n 6to10and0,15LCford n 13and16shallbegeneratedinthe chainatamaximumforceof500Nappliedtothehandleofthetensioningdevice. Ifremovablehandcranksareused,theyshallbesecuredagainstunintendeddetachmentwhenloaded. 5.3Tensionforceindicator(optional)