BS EN 12464-1-2011 Light and lighting Lighting of work places Indoor work places《灯光和照明 工作场所照明 室内工作场所》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12464-1:2011Light and lighting Lightingof work placesPart 1: Indoor work placesBS EN 12464-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implement

2、ation of EN 12464-1:2011.It supersedes BS EN 12464-1:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CPL/34/10, Lamps and Related Equipment - Light andLighting.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its s

3、ecretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 68495 1ICS 13.180; 91.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard

4、was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12464-1:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12464-1 June 2011 ICS 91.160.10 Supersedes EN 12464-1:2002English Version Light

5、and lighting - Lighting of work places - Part 1: Indoor work places Lumire et clairage - Eclairage des lieux de travail - Partie 1: Lieux de travail intrieurs Licht und Beleuchtung - Beleuchtung von Arbeitssttten - Teil 1: Arbeitssttten in Innenrumen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14

6、April 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be o

7、btained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the

8、 CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembou

9、rg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights

10、of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12464-1:2011: EBS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents PageForeword 4Introduction .51 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .74 Lighting design criteria .84.1 Luminous envi

11、ronment .84.2 Luminance distribution .94.2.1 General 94.2.2 Reflectance of surfaces 94.2.3 Illuminance on surfaces 94.3 Illuminance 104.3.1 General . 104.3.2 Scale of illuminance . 104.3.3 Illuminances on the task area 104.3.4 Illuminance on the immediate surrounding area . 124.3.5 Illuminance on th

12、e background area 124.3.6 Illuminance uniformity . 124.4 Illuminance grid 134.5 Glare . 144.5.1 General . 144.5.2 Discomfort glare . 144.5.3 Shielding against glare 154.5.4 Veiling reflections and reflected glare 154.6 Lighting in the interior space 154.6.1 General . 154.6.2 Mean cylindrical illumin

13、ance requirement in the activity space 164.6.3 Modelling . 164.6.4 Directional lighting of visual tasks . 164.7 Colour aspects 164.7.1 General . 164.7.2 Colour appearance . 174.7.3 Colour rendering . 174.8 Flicker and stroboscopic effects. 174.9 Lighting of work stations with Display Screen Equipmen

14、t (DSE) . 184.9.1 General . 184.9.2 Luminaire luminance limits with downward flux . 184.10 Maintenance factor . 194.11 Energy efficiency requirements 204.12 Additional benefits of daylight 204.13 Variability of light 205 Schedule of lighting requirements 205.1 Composition of the tables 205.2 Schedul

15、e of interior areas, tasks and activities 215.3 Lighting requirements for interior areas, tasks and activities . 236 Verification procedures 47BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 3 Page6.1 General .476.2 Illuminances . 486.3 Unified Glare Rating 486.4 Colour rendering and colour appearance . 486.5

16、 Luminaire luminance . 486.6 Maintenance schedule 48Annex A (informative) Typical values of grid point spacing 49Annex B (informative) A-deviation 50Bibliography 51Index of interior areas, tasks and activities . 52BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12464-1:2011) has b

17、een prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 169 “Light and lighting”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2011, and conflicting nationa

18、l standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2011. This document supersedes EN 12464-1:2002. The main technical changes in this revision are: importance of daylight is taken into account: Requirements for lighting are generally applicable independent if provided by artificial lighting, d

19、aylight or a combination of both; specification of a minimum illuminance on walls and ceilings; specification of cylindrical illuminance and detailed information on modelling; uniformity of illuminance is assigned to tasks and activities; definition of “background area“ and lighting specification fo

20、r this area; definition of an illuminance grid is in accordance with EN 12464-2; new luminance limits are set for luminaires used with Display Screen equipment (DSE), the description of display screens is according ISO 9214-307. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this

21、 document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Stand

22、ard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United King

23、dom. BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 5 Introduction Adequate and appropriate lighting enables people to perform visual tasks efficiently and accurately. The degree of visibility and comfort required in a wide range of work places is governed by the type and duration of the activity. It is impo

24、rtant that all clauses of this European Standard are followed although the specific requirements are tabulated in the schedule of lighting requirements (see Clause 5). BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies lighting requirements for humans in indoor work pla

25、ces, which meet the needs for visual comfort and performance of people having normal ophthalmic (visual) capacity. All usual visual tasks are considered, including Display Screen Equipment (DSE). This European Standard specifies requirements for lighting solutions for most indoor work places and the

26、ir associated areas in terms of quantity and quality of illumination. In addition recommendations are given for good lighting practice. This European Standard does not specify lighting requirements with respect to the safety and health of people at work and has not been prepared in the field of appl

27、ication of Article 153 of the EC treaty, although the lighting requirements, as specified in this European Standard, usually fulfil safety needs. Lighting requirements with respect to the safety and health of workers at work can be contained in Directives based on Article 153 of the EC treaty, in na

28、tional legislation of member states implementing these directives or in other national legislation of member states. This European Standard neither provides specific solutions, nor restricts the designers freedom from exploring new techniques nor restricts the use of innovative equipment. The illumi

29、nation can be provided by daylight, artificial lighting or a combination of both. This European Standard is not applicable for the lighting of outdoor work places and underground mining or emergency lighting. For outdoor work places, see EN 12464-2 and for emergency lighting, see EN 1838 and EN 1303

30、2-3. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12193, Light and l

31、ighting Sports lighting EN 12464-2, Light and lighting Lighting of work places Part 2: Outdoor work places EN 12665, Light and lighting Basic terms and criteria for specifying lighting requirements EN 13032-1, Light and lighting Measurement and presentation of photometric data of lamps and luminaire

32、s Part 1: Measurement and file format EN 13032-2, Light and lighting Measurement and presentation of photometric data of lamps and luminaires Part 2: Presentation of data for indoor and outdoor work places EN 15193, Energy performance of buildings Energy requirements for lighting EN ISO 9241-307, Er

33、gonomics of human-system interaction Part 307: Analysis and compliance test methods for electronic visual displays (ISO 9241-307:2008) EN ISO 9680:2007, Dentistry Operating lights (ISO 9680:2007) ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs

34、 in workplaces and public areas BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12665 and the following apply. 3.1 activity area area within which a specific activity is carried out 3.2 background area area adja

35、cent to the immediate surrounding area 3.3 display screen equipment DSE alphanumeric or graphic display screen, regardless of the display process employed NOTE Adapted from 90/270/EEC. 3.4 immediate surrounding area band surrounding the task area within the visual field 3.5 roof light daylight openi

36、ng in the roof or a horizontal surface of a building 3.6 shielding angle angle between the horizontal plane and the first line of sight at which the luminous parts of the lamps in the luminaire are directly visible 3.7 task area area within which the visual task is carried out 3.8 visual task visual

37、 elements of the activity undertaken NOTE The main visual elements are the size of the structure, its luminance, its contrast against the background and its duration. 3.9 window daylight opening on a vertical or nearly vertical area of a room envelope 3.10 work place place intended to house work sta

38、tions on the premises of the undertaking and/or establishment and any other place within the area of undertaking and/or establishment to which the worker has access in the course of his employment NOTE Adapted from 89/654/EEC. 3.11 work station combination and spatial arrangement of work equipment,

39、surrounded by the work environment under the conditions imposed by the work tasks BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 8 NOTE Adapted from EN ISO 6385:2004. 4 Lighting design criteria 4.1 Luminous environment For good lighting practice it is essential that as well as the required illuminances, addi

40、tional qualitative and quantitative needs are satisfied. Lighting requirements are determined by the satisfaction of three basic human needs: visual comfort, where the workers have a feeling of well-being; in an indirect way this also contributes to a higher productivity level and a higher quality o

41、f work; visual performance, where the workers are able to perform their visual tasks, even under difficult circumstances and during longer periods; safety. Main parameters determining the luminous environment with respect to artificial light and daylight are: luminance distribution; illuminance; dir

42、ectionality of light, lighting in the interior space; variability of light (levels and colour of light); colour rendering and colour appearance of the light; glare; flicker. Values for illuminance and its uniformity, discomfort glare and colour rendering index are given in Clause 5; other parameters

43、 are described in Clause 4. NOTE In addition to the lighting there are other visual ergonomic parameters which influence visual performance, such as: the intrinsic task properties (size, shape, position, colour and reflectance properties of detail and background), ophthalmic capacity of the person (

44、visual acuity, depth perception, colour perception), intentionally improved and designed luminous environment, glare-free illumination, good colour rendering, high contrast markings and optical and tactile guiding systems can improve visibility and sense of direction and locality. See CIE Guidelines

45、 for Accessibility: Visibility and Lighting Guidelines for Older Persons and Persons with Disabilities. Attention to these factors can enhance visual performance without the need for higher illuminance. BS EN 12464-1:2011EN 12464-1:2011 (E) 9 4.2 Luminance distribution 4.2.1 General The luminance di

46、stribution in the visual field controls the adaptation level of the eyes which affects task visibility. A well balanced adaptation luminance is needed to increase: visual acuity (sharpness of vision); contrast sensitivity (discrimination of small relative luminance differences); efficiency of the oc

47、ular functions (such as accommodation, convergence, pupillary contraction, eye movements, etc.). The luminance distribution in the visual field also affects visual comfort. The following should be avoided for the reasons given: too high luminances which can give rise to glare; too high luminance con

48、trasts which will cause fatigue because of constant re-adaptation of the eyes; too low luminances and too low luminance contrasts which result in a dull and non-stimulating working environment. To create a well balanced luminance distribution the luminances of all surfaces shall be taken into consid

49、eration and will be determined by the reflectance and the illuminance on the surfaces. To avoid gloom and to raise adaptation levels and comfort of people in buildings, it is highly desirable to have bright interior surfaces particularly the walls and ceiling. The lighting designer shall consider and select the appropriate reflectance and illuminance values for the interior surfaces based on the guidance below. 4.2.2 Reflectance of surfaces Recommended reflectances for the major interior diffusel