BS EN 12615-1999 Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of slant shear strength《混凝土结构的防护和修整用产品和系统 试验方法 斜向剪切强度的测定》.pdf

1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12615:1999 The Euro

2、pean Standard EN 12615:1999 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.080.40 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test methods Determination of slant shear strengthThis British Standard, hav

3、ing been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 October 1999 BSI 10-1999 ISBN 0 580 32588 1 BS EN 12615:1999 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Co

4、mments National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 12615:1999. It supersedes BS 6319-4:1984, which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/517, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Repair and protection of concrete,

5、 which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the U

6、K. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “Int

7、ernational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with

8、a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 9 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issu

9、ed.(8523($167$1$5 (1 1250(8523e(11( (8523b,6&+(1250 0D ,&6 (QJOLVKYHUVLRQ 3URGXFWVDQGVVWHPVIRUWKHSURWHFWLRQDQGUHSDLURIFRQFUHWHVWUXFWXUHV7HVW PHWKRGVHWHUPLQDWLRQRIVODQWVKHDUVWUHQJWK 3URGXLWVHWVVWqPHVSRXUODSURWHFWLRQHWOD UpSDUDWLRQGHVWUXFWXUHVHQE pWRQ0 pWKRGHV GHVVDLVpWHUPLQDWLRQGHODUpVLVWDQFHDX FLVDL

10、OOHPHQW 3URGXNWHXQG6VWHPHIUGHQ6FKXWXQGGLH ,QVWDQGVHWXQJYRQ%HWRQWUDJZHUNHQ 3UIYHUIDKUHQ%HVWLPPXQJGHU UXFNVFKHUIHVWLJNHLW 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGZDVDSSURYHGE&(1RQ$SULO &(1PHPEHUVDUHERXQGWRFRPSOZLWKWKH&(1&(1(/(&,QWHUQDO5HJXODWLRQVZKLFKVWLSXODWHWKH FRQGLWLRQVIRUJLYLQJWKLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGWKHVWDWXVRIDQDWLRQD

11、OVWDQGDUGZLWKRXWDQDOWHUDWLRQ8SWRGDWH OLVWVDQGELEOLRJUDSKLFDOUHIHUHQFHVFRQFHUQLQJVXFKQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVPDEHREWDLQHGRQDSSOLFDWLRQWRWKH &HQWUDO6HFUHWDULDWRUWRDQ&(1PHPEHU 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGHLVWVLQWKUHHRIILFLDOYHUVLRQV(QJOLVK)UHQFK*HUPDQ$YHUVLRQLQDQRWKHU ODQJXDJHPDGHEWUDQVODWLRQXQGHUWKHUHVSRQVLELOLWRID&

12、(1PHPEHULQWRLWVRZQODQJXDJHDQGQRWLILHGWR WKH&HQWUDO6HFUHWDULDWKDVWKHVDPHVWDWXVDVWKHRIILFLDOYHUVLRQV &(1PHPEHUVDUHWKHQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVERGLHVRI$XVWULD%HOJLXP&HFK5HSXEOLFHQPDUN)LQODQG )UDQFH*HUPDQ*UHHFH,FHODQG,UHODQG,WDO/XHPERXUJ1HWKHUODQGV1RUZD3RUWXJDO6SDLQ6ZHGHQ 6ZLWHUODQGDQG8QLWHG.LQJGRP &(1 (XURSHDQ

13、&RPPLWWHHIRU6WDQGDUGLDWLRQ &RPLWp(XURSpHQGH1RUPDOLVDWLRQ (XURSlLVFKHV.RPLWHHIU1RUPXQJ &HQWUDO6HFUHWDULDWUXHGH6WDVVDUW%UXVVHOV &(1$OOULJKWVRIHSORLWDWLRQLQDQIRUPDQGEDQPHDQVUHVHUYHGZRUOGZLGHIRU&(1QDWLRQDO 0HPEHUV 5HI1R(1(3DJH (1 %6, &RQWHQWV 3DJH 6FRSH 1RUPDWLYHUHIHUHQFHV 7HVWPHWKRG (TXLSPHQW 7HVWSURFH

14、GXUH 3UHSDUDWLRQRIWHVWSLHFHV 6XEVWUDWHVXUIDFHSUHSDUDWLRQ &RQGLWLRQLQJ 1XPEHURIWHVWSLHFHV 0DQXIDFWXUHRIWHVWSULVPV 7HVWLQJ &DOFXODWLRQRIVKHDUERQGVWUHQJWK )DLOXUHPRGHV 7HVWUHSRUW $QQH$LQIRUPDWLYH%LEOLRJUDSK )RUHZRUG 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGKDVEHHQSUHSDUHGE7HFKQLFDO&RPPLWWHH&(17&RQFUHWHSHUIRUPDQFH SURGXFWLR

15、QSODFLQJDQGFRPSOLDQFHFULWHULDWKH6HFUHWDULDWRIZKLFKLVKHOGE,1 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGVKDOOEHJLYHQWKHVWDWXVRIDQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGHLWKHUESXEOLFDWLRQRIDQLGHQWLFDOWHW RUEHQGRUVHPHQWDWWKHODWHVWE1RYHPEHUDQGFRQIOLFWLQJQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVVKDOOEHZLWKGUDZQDWWKH ODWHVWE1RYHPEHU $FFRUGLQJWRWKH&(1&(1(/(&,QWHUQDO5HJXODWLRQ

16、VWKHQDWLRQDOVWDQGDUGVRUJDQLDWLRQVRIWKHIROORZLQJ FRXQWULHVDUHERXQGWRLPSOHPHQWWKLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUG$XVWULD%HOJLXP&HFK5HSXEOLFHQPDUN )LQODQG)UDQFH*HUPDQ*UHHFH,FHODQG,UHODQG,WDO/XHPERXUJ1HWKHUODQGV1RUZD3RUWXJDO6SDLQ 6ZHGHQ6ZLWHUODQGDQGWKH8QLWHG.LQJGRP ,WKDVEHHQSUHSDUHGE6XEFRPPLWWHH3URGXFWVDQGVVWHPVIRUWKH

17、SURWHFWLRQDQGUHSDLURIFRQFUHWH VWUXFWXUHV6HFUHWDULDW$)1253DJH (1 %6, 6FRSH 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGGHVFULEHVDPHWKRGIRUWKHGHWHUPLQDWLRQRIWKHVWUHQJWKRIDVWUXFWXUDOERQGEHWZHHQ WZRFRQFUHWHVXEVWUDWHV7KHPHWKRGFDQEHXVHGWRPHDVXUHWKHVODQWVKHDUERQGVWUHQJWKLQWKHIROORZLQJ FRPELQDWLRQV KDUGHQHGFRQFUHWHERQGHGWRKDUGHQHG

18、FRQFUHWH IUHVKFRQFUHWHERQGHGWRKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWH 7KHWHVWFDQEHFDUULHGRXWZLWKHLWKHUGURUZHWKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWHVXEVWUDWHV 1RUPDWLYHUHIHUHQFHV 7KLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUGLQFRUSRUDWHVEGDWHGRUXQGDWHGUHIHUHQFHSURYLVLRQVIURPRWKHUSXEOLFDWLRQV7KHVH QRUPDWLYHUHIHUHQFHVDUHFLWHGDWWKHDSSURSULDWHSODFHVLQWKHWHWDQGWKHSXEOLFDWLRQ

19、VDUHOLVWHGKHUHDIWHU)RU GDWHGUHIHUHQFHVVXEVHTXHQWDPHQGPHQWVWRRUUHYLVLRQVRIDQRIWKHVHSXEOLFDWLRQVDSSOWRWKLV(XURSHDQ 6WDQGDUGRQOZKHQLQFRUSRUDWHGLQLWEDPHQGPHQWRUUHYLVLRQ)RUXQGDWHGUHIHUHQFHVWKHODWHVWHGLWLRQRIWKH SXEOLFDWLRQUHIHUUHGWRDSSOLHV (1 0HWKRGVRIWHVWLQJFHPHQW3DUWHWHUPLQDWLRQRIVWUHQJWK SU(1 3URGXFWV

20、DQGVVWHPVIRUWKHSURWHFWLRQDQGUHSDLURIFRQFUHWHVWUXFWXUHV7HVWPHWKRGV 5HIHUHQFHFRQFUHWHVIRUWHVWLQJ 7HVWPHWKRG 7KHVODQWVKHDUWHVWLVFDUULHGRXWRQUHVWRUHGFRQFUHWHSULVPVKDYLQJWKHGLPHQVLRQVVKRZQLQ)LJXUHDQGZLWK DERQGVXUIDFHLQFOLQHGDWDQDQJOHRIWRWKHFURVVVHFWLRQDODLVRIWKHSULVP)RUWHVWVLQYROYLQJWKH ERQGLQJRIKDUGHQHG

21、FRQFUHWHWRKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWHDVPDOOHUDOWHUQDWLYHSULVPVLHRIPP PP PPFDQEHXVHGLQDSSURSULDWHFLUFXPVWDQFHV7KHWHVWLVSHUIRUPHGEDSSOLQJDFRPSUHVVLYH IRUFHDORQJWKHORQJLWXGLQDODLVRIWKHUHVWRUHGSULVPXQWLOIUDFWXUHRFFXUV (TXLSPHQW D 6WHHOPRXOGVIRUSURGXFLQJFRQFUHWHWHVWSLHFHVRIVLHPP PP PPFRQIRUPLQJWR SU(1DOWHUQDWLYHPP

22、PP PPFRQIRUPLQJWR(1 E &RQFUHWHPLHUDVLQSU(1 F *ULWEODVWLQJHTXLSPHQW G &RQFUHWHVDZPRXQWHGRQFXWWLQJEHQFK H 6XLWDEOHIUDPHIRUFODPSLQJWKHFXWWHVWSLHFHVWRJHWKHUGXULQJWKHERQGLQJIRUHDPSOH VHH)LJXUH I &RPSUHVVLRQWHVWLQJPDFKLQH FDSDEOHRIDSSOLQJDFRQVWDQWUDWHRIORDGLQJRIEHWZHHQN1DQG N1SHUVHFRQGZLWKDFDSDFLWRIDWOHDV

23、WN1IRUSULVPVPP PP PPDQG ZLWKDFDSDFLWRIDWOHDVWN1IRUSULVPVPP PP PP J 6WHHOZLUHEUXVK 3DJH (1 %6, 7HVWSURFHGXUH 3UHSDUDWLRQRIWHVWSLHFHV 7KHWHVWSLHFHVVKDOOEHFDVWLQVWHHOPRXOGVXVLQJUHIHUHQFHFRQFUHWH7SH&LQDFFRUGDQFHZLWK SU(1:KHQWKHDOWHUQDWLYHSULVPVLHRIPP PP PPLVXVHGIRUERQGLQJKDUGHQHG FRQFUHWHWRKDUGHQHGFRQFU

24、HWHWKHUHIHUHQFHFRQFUHWH7SH0&VKDOOEHXVHG$IWHUFXULQJIRUGDVLQ DFFRUGDQFHZLWKSU(1WKHWHVWSLHFHVVKDOOEHUHPRYHGIURPWKHZDWHUDQGWKHQFXWDWDQDQJOHRIWR WKHLUFURVVVHFWLRQDODLVDVVKRZQLQ)LJXUHLQRUGHUWRSURYLGHFRPSRQHQWVIRUERQGLQJ6DZFXWWLQJVKDOOEH FDUULHGRXWRQDVXLWDEOHEHQFKVXFKWKDWWKHDQJOHEHWZHHQHDFKERQGLQJVXUIDFHDQ

25、GWKHORQJLWXGLQDODLVRIWKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJSULVPGRHVQRWGLIIHUEPRUHWKDQDQGWKHIODWQHVVRIWKHVXUIDFHLVWRZLWKLQDWROHUDQFH RIPP6SDOOLQJRIWKHFXWHGJHVVKDOOQRWHFHHGRIWKHERQGHGVXUIDFHDUHD 6XEVWUDWHVXUIDFHSUHSDUDWLRQ 7KHFRQFUHWHVXUIDFHVWREHERQGHGVKDOOEHFOHDQHGLQUXQQLQJZDWHUXVLQJDVWHHOZLUHEUXVKDQGWKHQJULW EODVWHGLQD

26、FFRUGDQFHZLWKSU(17KHWHVWSLHFHVVKDOOWKHQEHFRQGLWLRQHGDVGHILQHGEHORZGHSHQGLQJ XSRQZKHWKHUERQGLQJLVWREHFDUULHGRXWRQDGURUZHWKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWHVXEVWUDWH &RQGLWLRQLQJ 7KHUHVLQDQGKDUGHQHUFRPSRQHQWRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQWVKDOOEHFRQGLWLRQHGEHIRUHPLLQJWRWKHWHVW WHPSHUDWXUHRI& D UVXUIDFH &RQGLWLRQWHVWFRPSRQHQWVIRUKDW&D

27、QGD5+RIXVWVKDOOEHUHPRYHGE EUXVKLQJLPPHGLDWHOSULRUWRDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQW E :HWVXUIDFH &RQGLWLRQWHVWFRPSRQHQWVELPPHUVLRQLQZDWHUDWURRPWHPSHUDWXUHIRUK7KHDUHDWREHERQGHG VKDOOEHSODFHGLQDYHUWLFDOSRVLWLRQIRUPLQDW&DQGD5+RIWRDOORZIUHH ZDWHUWRGUDLQRIIEHIRUHDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQW F (WUHPHWHPSHUDWX

28、UHV )RUWHVWLQJDWHWUHPHVRIHQYLURQPHQWDOFRQGLWLRQVDOWHUQDWLYHFRQGLWLRQLQJDQGWHVWWHPSHUDWXUHVDV VSHFLILHGEWKHVXSSOLHUVKDOOEHXVHG 1XPEHURIWHVWSLHFHV )RUHDFKFRPELQDWLRQRIVXUIDFHSUHSDUDWLRQPRLVWXUHFRQGLWLRQRIVXEVWUDWHDQGERQGLQJDJHQWWREH LQYHVWLJDWHGDWOHDVWWKUHHVSHFLPHQVVKDOOEHWHVWHG,QDGGLWLRQDWOHDVWWKUHHX

29、QFXWUHIHUHQFHWHVWSLHFHV PP PP PPDOWHUQDWLYHOPP PP PPVKDOOEHSUHSDUHGDQGWHVWHG 0DQXIDFWXUHRIWHVWSULVPV %RQGLQJKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWHWRKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWH 7KHFRPSRQHQWVRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQWVKDOOEHPLHGDWWKHWHVWWHPSHUDWXUHDQGDSSOLHGLQDODHUPPWKLFNWR WKHSUHSDUHGFRQFUHWHERQGLQJVXUIDFHVRIHDFKWHVWFRPSRQHQWDOOLQDFFRUGDQFHZ

30、LWKWKHPDQXIDFWXUHUV LQVWUXFWLRQV3ODFHWKHPDWLQJSDLURIWHVWFRPSRQHQWVLQWKHFODPSLQJIUDPHVHH)LJXUHDQGDSSOSUHVVXUH EWUDQVYHUVHDQGWKHQORQJLWXGLQDOFODPSLQJXQWLODGKHVLYHLVHWUXGHGIURPWKHYLVLEOHXSSHUERQGOLQH(DFK DVVHPEORIKDOISULVPVVKDOOEHSHUIHFWOFHQWUHGDQGFKHFNHGXVLQJDVWUDLJKWHGJH2WKHUZLVHWKHFODPSLQJ GHYLFHVKD

31、OOEHDGMXVWHGLQRUGHUWRHQVXUHWKDWWKHHGJHVRIWKHWHVWSLHFHDUHFRUUHFWODOLJQHG 7KHUHVWRUHGWHVWSLHFHVVKDOOEHUHPRYHGIURPWKHFODPSLQJIUDPHKDIWHUWKHERQGLQJDJHQWKDVEHHQDSSOLHG DQGFXUHGIRUGDVDW&EHIRUHWHVWLQJRUDVRWKHUZLVHVSHFLILHG3DJH (1 %6, %RQGLQJIUHVKFRQFUHWHWRKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWH 7KHFRPSRQHQWVRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQWVKDO

32、OEHPLHGDWWKHWHVWWHPSHUDWXUHDQGWKHQDSSOLHGLQDODHURI WKLFNQHVVLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHPDQXIDFWXUHUVLQVWUXFWLRQVWRWKHSUHSDUHGFRQFUHWHERQGLQJVXUIDFHRIRQHWHVW FRPSRQHQWDOOLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHPDQXIDFWXUHUVLQVWUXFWLRQV3ODFHWKLVFRPSRQHQWDWWKHERWWRPRID PP PP PPVWHHOPRXOGSRXULQWKHIUHVKFRQFUHWHFRPSDFWDQGSODFHRQDVXLW

33、DEOHYLEUDWLQJ WDEOHDOOLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKSU(1 7KHUHVWRUHGWHVWSLHFHVVKDOOEHUHPRYHGIURPWKHPRXOGVKDIWHUWKHERQGLQJDJHQWKDVEHHQDSSOLHGDQG FXUHGIRUGDVLQZDWHUDW&EHIRUHWHVWLQJRUDVRWKHUZLVHVSHFLILHG 7HVWLQJ (DFKHQGRIDUHVWRUHGWHVWSLHFHVKDOOEHFKHFNHGDQGLIQHFHVVDUJURXQGDQGRUFDSSHGWRDFKLHYHSDUDOOHOLVP DQGVTXDUHQHVV

34、RIWKHHQGIDFHV$FRPSUHVVLRQWHVWWRIDLOXUHVKDOOWKHQEHFDUULHGRXWLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWK (1XVLQJWKHVWDQGDUGSURFHGXUHIRUWKHWHVWLQJRIFXEHVRUFOLQGHUVIRUFRPSUHVVLYHVWUHQJWK7KHORDG DWIDLOXUH )LQ1DQGWKHPRGHRIIDLOXUHVKDOOEHUHFRUGHG $VLPLODUFRPSUHVVLRQWHVWWRIDLOXUHVKDOOEHFRQGXFWHGRQHDFKUHIHUHQFHVSHFLPHQDQGWKHORDGDWIDLOX

35、UH ) LQ1VKDOOEHUHFRUGHG7KHUHIHUHQFHVSHFLPHQVVKDOOKDYHEHHQVXEMHFWHGWRWKHVDPHFXULQJDQGVWRUDJH FRQGLWLRQVDQGEHWHVWHGDWWKHVDPHDJHDVWKHUHVWRUHGWHVWSLHFHV &DOFXODWLRQRIVKHDUERQGVWUHQJWK 7KHVKHDUERQGVWUHQJWK I E LQ1PP IRUHDFKUHVWRUHGWHVWSLHFHVKDOOEHFDOFXODWHGDV E ) I = IRUVSHFLPHQPP PP PP E ) I = IRUVSHFLP

36、HQPP PP PP )DLOXUHPRGHV 7SH$&RKHVLRQIDLOXUHZLWKLQHLWKHUFRQFUHWHVXEVWUDWH 7SH%$GKHVLRQIDLOXUHDWRQHRIWKHDGKHVLYHFRQFUHWHLQWHUIDFHV 7SH&RKHVLRQIDLOXUHZLWKLQWKHDGKHVLYH 7SH$GKHVLRQIDLOXUHDWERWKRIWKHDGKHVLYHFRQFUHWHLQWHUIDFHV ,IWKHUHLVDPLRIWKHVHIDLOXUHWSHVPDNHDYLVXDODVVHVVPHQWWRGHWHUPLQHWKHVXUIDFHDUHDSHU

37、FHQWDJHIRU HDFKWSHRIIDLOXUHDQGHSUHVVWKLVDVDUDWLRIRUHDPSOH $& 3DJH (1 %6, 7HVWUHSRUW 7KHUHSRUWVKDOOLQFOXGHWKHIROORZLQJLQIRUPDWLRQ D LGHQWLILFDWLRQRIDOOWKHFRQVWLWXHQWVLQWKHDGKHVLYHPLLQFOXGLQJPDQXIDFWXUHUVQDPHFRGH QXPEHUVLIDSSOLFDEOHWSHGHVFULSWLRQDQGGDWHRISURGXFWLRQ E WKHQXPEHUDQGWSHRIWHVWVSHFLPHQVDQGU

38、HIHUHQFHVSHFLPHQVLQFOXGLQJWKHVLHRIVSHFLPHQDQG UHIHUHQFHVXEVWUDWHWRSU(1 F PHWKRGRIFXULQJFXWWLQJDQGVXUIDFHSUHSDUDWLRQRIWKHFRQFUHWHWHVWFRPSRQHQWV G VXUIDFHFRQGLWLRQRIFRQFUHWHVXEVWUDWHDWWKHWLPHRIDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQWHJGURU ZHW H PHWKRGRIPLLQJDQGDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQW I WKHSHULRGRIWLPHEHWZHH

39、QPLLQJDQGDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQW J WKHSHULRGRIWLPHEHWZHHQDSSOLFDWLRQRIWKHERQGLQJDJHQWDQGFORVLQJWKHMRLQW K PHWKRGRIFXULQJWKHUHVWRUHGWHVWSLHFHVDQGZKHWKHUERQGLVKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWHWRKDUGHQHG FRQFUHWHRUIUHVKFRQFUHWHWRKDUGHQHGFRQFUHWH L WKHIDLOXUHORDG )LQ1RIHDFKWHVWVSHFLPHQDQGHDFKUHIHUHQFHVSHFLPHQ M WKH

40、VKHDUERQGVWUHQJWK I E LQ1PP RIHDFKWHVWVSHFLPHQ N WKHIDLOXUHPRGHRIHDFKWHVWVSHFLPHQ O DQGHYLDWLRQIURPWKLVVWDQGDUGWHVWSURFHGXUH P GDWHRIWKHWHVW Q UHIHUHQFHWRWKLV(XURSHDQ6WDQGDUG3DJH (1 %6, LPHQVLRQVLQPLOOLPHWUHV .H +DUGHQHGFRQFUHWHRUIUHVKFRQFUHWH %RQGLQJDJHQW +DUGHQHGFRQFUHWH )LJXUH*HRPHWUDQGVKDSHRIWKHVSHFLPHQ3DJH (1 %6, LPHQVLRQVLQPLOOLPHWUHV D6WDJH E