BS EN 12693-2008 Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerant compressors《制冷系统和热泵 安全和环境要求 容积式制冷剂压缩机》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 12693:2008Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Positive displacement refrigerant compressorsICS 23.140; 27.080g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g4

2、0g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 12693:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 57424 5National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation o

3、f EN 12693:2008. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/18, Refrigeration safety.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a

4、contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12693May 2008ICS 23.140; 27.080English VersionRefr

5、igerating systems and heat pumps - Safety andenvironmental requirements - Positive displacement refrigerantcompressorsSystmes de rfrigration et pompes chaleur - Exigencesde scurit et denvironnement - Compresseursvolumtriques pour fluides frigorignesKlteanlagen und Wrmepumpen - Sicherheitstechnischeu

6、nd umweltrelevante Anforderungen - Verdrngerverdichterfr KltemittelThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard w

7、ithout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other languag

8、e made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,Fra

9、nce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NO

10、RMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12693:2008: EEN 12693:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and

11、definitions .7 3.6 Symbols 8 4 List of significant hazards 10 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures12 5.1 General12 5.2 Protection of moving parts .12 5.3 Safety to prevent loss of stability 12 5.4 Safety during handling12 5.5 Safety to prevent rupture or bursting12 5.6 Electrical safety1

12、4 5.7 Measures to reduce emissions of substances .16 6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures .16 6.1 General16 6.2 Type test .17 6.3 Individual test.19 7 Marking, graphical symbols, written warnings.20 7.1 General20 7.2 Marking .21 7.3 Graphical symbols, written warnings and

13、 information22 8 Documentation and information for the user .22 8.1 General22 8.2 Instruction handbook 22 Annex A (informative) Basic design criteria for refrigerant compressors 24 Annex B (normative) Procedure for the design of a refrigerant compressor.25 Annex C (normative) Materials 28 Annex D (n

14、ormative) Determination of the allowable pressure at the maximum operating temperature 30 Annex E (normative) Determination of the allowable pressure at minimum operating temperature (requirements to avoid brittle fracture) .31 Annex F (informative) Compilation of material characteristics of often u

15、sed materials .37 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC 61 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .62 Bibliography 63 BS EN 12693

16、:2008EN 12693:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12693:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 182 “Refrigerating systems, safety and environmental requirements“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either

17、 by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Associatio

18、n, and supports essential requirements of EU Directives 98/37/EC and 2006/42/EC. For relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are an integral part of this document. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject o

19、f patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgari

20、a, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 12693:2008EN 12693:2008 (E)

21、4 Introduction This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those wh

22、ich are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 1 Scope This standard applies to positive displacement refri

23、gerant compressors for stationary and mobile refrigerating systems and heat pumps defined in 3.1, hereafter called compressors. It applies for compressors used in commercial and industrial appliances and with electrical energy supply including integral motors, up to 1 000 VAC and 1 500 VDC. It appli

24、es to open drive, semi hermetic and hermetic motor compressors, which contain a positive compression function. This standard is not applicable to: compressors used in household appliance for which EN 60335-2-34 applies; compressors using water or air as refrigerant. This standard does not deal with

25、requirements for vibration and noise. NOTE 1 Compressors for automotive comfort air conditioning systems can be developed according e.g. SAE J 639. NOTE 2 Noise emission depends on the complete installation of the built-in compressors and the corresponding operating conditions. For semi-hermetic and

26、 open drive compressors which include moving parts and for which the external envelope is primarily designed for mechanical loads, thermal loads (to limit the possible deformation due to temperature), stiffness of the structure (external mechanical loads and weight of the equipment), taking into acc

27、ount established safe industrial practice, it is considered that pressure is not a significant design factor. Attached parts covering other functions e.g. oil separators, oil coolers, suction accumulators shall comply to EN 14276-1 or EN 13445-6 (cast iron) or EN 13445-8 (aluminium) or showing compl

28、iance to the relevant European requirements. This applies also to shells for hermetic compressors either welded or with any kind of permanent joint. Requirements for compressors used in explosive atmospheres are not covered by this standard. NOTE 3 For further guidance see EN 13463-1. This standard

29、deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to compressors, when they are used as intended and under conditions for misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). BS EN 12693:2008EN 12693:2008 (E) 5 This standard specifies safety requirem

30、ents for the design, construction, manufacture and testing, documentation and marking of compressors, including integral accessories, e.g. shut-off valve, if necessary. The requirements in this standard take account of the intended use, as defined in 3.12 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003. This standard relate

31、s to the compressor itself which is to be incorporated in a refrigerating system. This standard is not applicable to compressors as defined in the scope which are manufactured before the date of publication as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the ap

32、plication of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 287-1, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 1: Steels EN 294, Safety of machinery Safety distanc

33、e to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 378-1:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification and selection criteria EN 378-2:2008, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environme

34、ntal requirements Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and documentation EN 378-3, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requirements Part 3: Installation site and personal protection EN 378-4, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Safety and environmental requiremen

35、ts Part 4: Operation, maintenance, repair and recovery EN 837-1, Pressure gauges Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges Dimensions, metrology, require-ments and testing EN 837-3, Pressure gauges Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges Dimensions, metrology, requirements and testing EN 953, Safet

36、y of machinery Guards General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1050, Safety of Machinery Principles for risk assessment EN 1515 (all parts), Flanges and their joints Bolting EN 1561, Founding Grey cast irons EN 1563, Founding Spheroidal graphite cast irons

37、EN 1779, Non-destructive testing Leak testing Criteria for method and technique selection EN 10045-1, Metallic materials Charpy impact test Part 1: Test method BS EN 12693:2008EN 12693:2008 (E) 6 EN 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN 12178, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps

38、 Liquid level indicating devices Requirements, testing and marking EN 12516-2, Industrial valves Shell design strength Part 2: Calculation method for steel valve shells EN 13136:2001, Refrigerating systems and heat pumps Pressure relief devices and their associated piping Methods for calculation EN

39、13445-2:2002, Unfired pressure vessels Part 2: Materials EN 13445-3, Unfired pressure vessels Part 3: Design EN 20898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fasteners EN 60034-1:2004, Electrical rotating machinery Part 1: Rating and performance (IEC 60034-1:2004) EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery

40、Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60335-2-34, Household and similar electrical appliances Safety Part 2-34: Particular requirements for motor-compressors (IEC 60335-2-34:2002) EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)

41、 (IEC 60529:1989) EN 60947-4-1, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2000) EN 60999 (all parts), Connecting Devices Electrical copper conductors Safety requirements for srew-type and screwless-ty

42、pe clamping units EN 61010-1, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use Part 1: General requirements (IEC 61010-1:2001) EN ISO 898 (all parts), Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel EN ISO 4126-2, Safety devices for pro

43、tection against excessive pressure Part 2: Bursting disc safety devices (ISO 4126-2:2003) EN ISO 9606-2, Qualification test of welders Fusion welding Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys (ISO 9606-2:2004) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1

44、: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials General rules (ISO 156

45、07:2003) EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure test Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys (ISO 15614-1:2004) EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for

46、metallic materials Welding procedure test Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO 15614-2:2005) BS EN 12693:2008EN 12693:2008 (E) 7 CR ISO 15608:2000, Welding Guidelines for a metallic material grouping system (ISO/TR 15608:2000) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document

47、, the terms and definitions given in EN 378-1:2008, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. NOTE All pressures are gauge pressures unless otherwise specified. 3.1 positive displacement compressor compressor in which compression is obtained by changing the internal volume of the compression cham

48、ber 3.2 specified maximum allowable pressure, PS maximum allowable pressure as stated by the compressor manufacturer 3.3 specified maximum allowable standstill pressure, PSs maximum allowable value for the equalisation pressure in the compressor as stated by the compressor manufacturer NOTE 1 This p

49、ressure corresponds to different maximum permissible ambient temperatures for different refrigerants (see 6.5.2). NOTE 2 PSS PS 3.4 compressor overflow device device specifically intended to protect the compressor against bursting caused by abnormal conditions, e.g. the discharge valve shut. The device relieves from the high pressure/intermediate side of the compressor to a lower pressure side NOTE The device may be a bursting disc or may be a sp