BS EN 12699-2015 Execution of special geotechnical works Displacement piles《特殊土工工程的开挖 桩的替换》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12699:2015Execution of specialgeotechnical work Displacement pilesBS EN 12699:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12699:2015. Itsupersedes BS EN 12699:2001 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation

2、 was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/526, Geotechnics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The Briti

3、sh Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 82494 4ICS 93.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.

4、Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12699:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12699 April 2015 ICS 93.020 Supersedes EN 12699:2000English Version Execution of special geotechnical works - Displacement piles Excution des travaux gotechniques spciaux - Pieux

5、 avec refoulement du sol Ausfhrung von Arbeiten im Spezialtiefbau - Verdrngungspfhle This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 March 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a

6、 national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).

7、A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyp

8、rus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Ki

9、ngdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12699

10、:2015 EBS EN 12699:2015EN 12699:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 Information needed for the execution of the work 16 4.1 General . 16 4.2 Special features 17 5 Geotechnical investigation 18 5.1 General . 18 5.2 Specific requirements

11、18 6 Materials and products 19 6.1 General . 19 6.2 Prefabricated displacement piles 19 6.2.1 Concrete piles . 19 6.2.2 Steel piles 19 6.2.3 Cast iron piles . 20 6.2.4 Timber piles . 20 6.3 Cast in situ displacement piles . 20 6.3.1 Mortar and concrete . 20 6.3.2 Grout 22 6.3.3 Reinforcement . 22 6.

12、4 Coatings and corrosion protection compounds . 23 7 Considerations related to design 23 7.1 General . 23 7.2 Geometrical construction tolerances . 23 7.3 Sequence of installation 23 7.4 Protection of piles. 24 7.5 Needs for driving assistance . 24 7.6 Design for impact driving of prefabricated pile

13、s . 24 7.6.1 General . 24 7.6.2 Prefabricated concrete piles 25 7.6.3 Steel piles 25 7.6.4 Timber piles . 25 7.7 Specific design related considerations 26 7.7.1 General . 26 7.7.2 Reinforcement of cast in situ piles . 26 7.7.3 Pile shoe 28 7.7.4 Pile joint . 28 7.7.5 Pile enlargement . 28 7.7.6 Spac

14、ing of piles 28 7.7.7 Combined piles . 29 7.7.8 Screw piles 29 8 Execution . 29 8.1 General . 29 8.2 Construction tolerances 29 8.3 Site preparation . 30 8.4 Sequence of installation 30 BS EN 12699:2015EN 12699:2015 (E) 3 8.5 Equipment and Methods . 30 8.5.1 General . 30 8.5.2 Impact hammer 30 8.5.3

15、 Vibrating hammer 30 8.5.4 Equipment for screw piles 31 8.5.5 Equipment for jacked piles . 31 8.5.6 Auxiliary equipment 31 8.5.7 Drive tube . 31 8.6 Prefabricated piles 31 8.6.1 General . 31 8.6.2 Prefabricated concrete piles 31 8.6.3 Steel piles . 32 8.6.4 Timber piles . 33 8.6.5 Combined piles 33

16、8.7 Cast in situ piles 33 8.7.1 General . 33 8.7.2 Temporary cased piles 34 8.7.3 Permanently cased piles. 36 8.8 Grouted piles . 36 8.8.1 Grouting during driving 36 8.8.2 Grouting after driving 37 8.9 Trimming of concrete piles. 37 8.10 Driving assistance methods . 37 8.11 Ground movement limiting

17、methods . 38 8.12 Cast in situ base enlargements . 38 9 Supervision, monitoring and testing . 38 9.1 Supervision 38 9.2 Monitoring of pile construction . 39 9.3 Pile testing . 40 9.3.1 General . 40 9.3.2 Pile load tests 41 9.3.3 Integrity tests . 41 10 Records 41 11 Special requirements 44 Annex A (

18、informative) Classification and examples 46 Annex B (informative) Guidance on minimum cover (in mm) for bearing element of low strength steel for cast in situ displacement piles . 61 Annex C (informative) Degree of obligation of the provisions . 62 Bibliography 69 BS EN 12699:2015EN 12699:2015 (E) 4

19、 Foreword This document (EN 12699:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 288 “Execution of special geotechnical works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by

20、endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for

21、identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12699:2000. The technical changes in comparison to EN 12699:2000 are: driven piles independent of dimension are included; sections describing concrete and testing have been minimised. The document has been prepared to stand along

22、side EN 1997 (all parts), Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design. Clause 7 covers design aspects of piles. Annex A and Annex B are informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: A

23、ustria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sw

24、eden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12699:2015EN 12699:2015 (E) 5 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution of displacement piles, that means piles which are installed in the ground without excavation or removal of material from the groun

25、d except for limiting heave and/or limiting vibration as well as removal of obstructions or to assist penetration. Piles are driven into the ground using impact, vibration, pressing, screwing or a combination of these methods. 1.2 The material of displacement piles covered by this European Standard

26、can be: steel; cast iron; concrete, mortar; timber; grout; combination of above. 1.3 This European Standard covers prefabricated, cast in situ, or a combination of these methods to form displacement piles of regular shape. Examples are given in Figure A.2 and Figure A.3. 1.4 Displacement piles may b

27、e installed in soils enhanced by ground improvement techniques. The ground improvement can be executed before, at the same time or after installation of the piles. 1.5 Other than practical considerations there are for the purpose of this European Standard no limitations regarding cross section dimen

28、sions, shaft or base enlargements, length or rake. 1.6 The provisions of this European Standard apply to: single piles; pile groups; concrete sheet piles. 1.7 Columns constructed by ground improvement techniques (such as mixed in situ columns, jet grouting, compaction grouting, vibro flotation, ston

29、e columns) are not covered by this European Standard. Bored piles are covered in EN 1536. Steel and timber sheet pile walls are covered in EN 12063. Micropiles are covered in EN 14199. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document an

30、d are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 206:2013, Concrete - Specification, performance, production and conformity BS EN 12699:2015EN 12

31、699:2015 (E) 6 EN 1090-2, Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures Part 2: Technical requirements for steel structures EN 1990, Eurocode - Basis of structural design EN 1991 (all parts), Eurocode 1: Actions on structures EN 1992 (all parts), Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures EN

32、 1993 (all parts), Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures EN 1994 (all parts), Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures EN 1995 (all parts), Eurocode 5: Design of timber structures EN 1996 (all parts), Eurocode 6 Design of mason ry structures EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical

33、design - Part 1: General rules EN 1997-2, Eurocode 7 - Geotechnical design - Part 2: Ground investigation and testing EN 1998 (all parts), Eurocode 8 Design of structures for earthquake resistance EN 1999 (all parts), Eurocode 9 Design of aluminium structures EN 10025 (all parts), Hot-rolled product

34、s of non-alloy structural steels EN 10080, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - Weldable reinforcing steel - General EN 10083-1, Steels for quenching and tempering - Part 1: General technical delivery conditions EN 10083-2, Steels for quenching and tempering - Part 2: Technical delivery conditi

35、ons for non alloy steels EN 10083-3, Steels for quenching and tempering - Part 3: Technical delivery conditions for alloy steels EN 10210 (all parts), Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain structural steels EN 10219 (all parts), Cold formed welded structural hollow sect

36、ions of non-alloy and fine grain steels EN 10248 (all parts), Hot rolled sheet piling of non alloy steels EN 10249 (all parts) Cold formed sheet piling of non alloy steels EN 12794, Precast concrete products Foundation piles EN 13670, Execution of concrete structures EN 16228 (all parts), Drilling a

37、nd foundation equipment Safety EN ISO 2560, Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual metal arc welding of non-alloy and fine grain steels - Classification (ISO 2560) EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes - Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers (ISO 4063) EN ISO 5817, Welding

38、 - Fusion-welded joints in steel, nickel, titanium and their alloys (beam welding excluded) - Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817) BS EN 12699:2015EN 12699:2015 (E) 7 EN ISO 9606-1, Qualification testing of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels (ISO 9606-1) EN ISO 9692-1, Welding and alli

39、ed processes - Types of joint preparation - Part 1: Manual metal arc welding, gas-shielded metal arc welding, gas welding, TIG welding and beam welding of steels (ISO 9692-1) EN ISO 9692-2, Welding and allied processes - Joint preparation - Part 2: Submerged arc welding of steels (ISO 9692-2) EN ISO

40、 11960, Petroleum and natural gas industries - Steel pipes for use as casing or tubing for wells (ISO 11960) EN ISO 14341, Welding consumables - Wire electrodes and weld deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels - Classification (ISO 14341) EN ISO 17660-1, Weldin

41、g - Welding of reinforcing steel - Part 1: Load-bearing welded joints (ISO 17660-1) EN ISO 18276, Welding consumables - Tubular cored electrodes for gas-shielded and non-gas-shielded metal arc welding of high-strength steels - Classification (ISO 18276) prEN ISO 22477-1:2006, Geotechnical investigat

42、ion and testing Testing of geotechnical structures Part 1: Pile load test by static axially loaded compression (ISO/DIS 22477-1:2005) prEN ISO 22477-10:2014, Geotechnical investigation and testing Testing of geotechnical structures Part 10: Testing of piles: rapid load testing (ISO/DIS 22477-10:2014

43、) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 displacement pile fr: pieu avec refoulement du sol de: Verdrngungspfahl pile which is installed in the ground without excavation or removal of material from the ground except for limiting heav

44、e and/or limiting vibration as well as removal of obstructions or to assist penetration 3.2 prefabricated pile fr: pieu prfabriqu de: Fertigpfahl pile or pile element which is manufactured in a single unit or in pile segments before installation 3.3 cast in situ displacement pile fr: pieu excut en p

45、lace de: Ortbetonverdrngungspfahl pile installed by driving a closed ended concrete shell or permanent or temporary casing, and filling the hole so formed with plain or reinforced concrete, grout or mortar 3.4 combined pile fr: pieu mixte de: zusammengesetzter Pfahl pile made up of two or more types

46、 or sizes of piles joined together Note 1 to entry: The connection between the components is designed to transmit axial load and bending and to prevent separation during and after construction. See Figure A.8. BS EN 12699:2015EN 12699:2015 (E) 8 3.5 screw pile fr: pieu viss de: Schraubpfahl pile in

47、which the pile or pile tube comprises a limited number of helices at its base and which is installed under the combined action of a torque and a vertical thrust Note 1 to entry: By the screwing-in and/or by the screwing-out, the ground is essentially laterally displaced and virtually no soil is remo

48、ved. See Figure A.10. 3.6 jacked pile fr: pieu vrin de: eingepresster Pfahl pile pressed into soil by means of static force 3.7 grouted pile fr: pieu inject de: verpresster Pfahl pile fitted with an enlarged shoe to create along a part or the full length of the pile a space which is filled or groute

49、d during driving with grout, mortar or a mixture of grout and soil Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.11. 3.8 post grouted pile fr : pieu post-inject de: nachverpresster Pfahl pile where shaft and/or base grouting is performed after installation through pipes fixed along or incorporated in the pile Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.12. 3.9 casing fr: tubage de: Verrohrung steel tube used temporarily or permanently Note 1 to entry: The temporary casing supports the soil surrounding the wall of the pile shaft during construction and i