1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN12873-4:2006Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption Influence due to migration Part 4: Test method for water treatment membranesThe European Standard EN 12873-4:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.060.20; 67.250g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g5
2、8g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 12873-4:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 20
3、06 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 48273 1Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the
4、 BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of
5、 pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 17 and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations repre
6、sented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them
7、in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12873-4:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/6, Effects of materials on water quality, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text
8、;EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12873-4March 2006ICS 13.060.20; 67.250English VersionInfluence of materials on water intended for human consumption- Influence due to migration - Part 4: Test method for watertreatment membranesInfluence des matriaux sur leau destine laconsommation
9、humaine - Influence due la migration -Partie 4 : Mthode dessai des membranes des systmesde traitement deauEinfluss von Materialien auf Wasser fr den menschlichenGebrauch - Einfluss infolge der Migration - Teil 4:Prfverfahren fr Membranen fr die WasserbehandlungThis European Standard was approved by
10、CEN on 3 February 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards
11、 may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Ce
12、ntral Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Pol
13、and, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any
14、 means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12873-4:2006: EEN 12873-4:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions. 5 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 6 5 Test method. 6 5.1 Principle . 6 5.2 Reagents and apparatus 7
15、 5.2.1 General 7 5.2.2 Test water 7 5.2.3 Flushing water 7 5.2.4 Cleaning agent. 7 5.2.5 Procedural blank 8 5.2.6 Test rig . 8 5.3 Test samples 8 5.3.1 General requirements 8 5.3.2 Sample storage 9 5.4 Procedure. 9 5.4.1 Test temperature 9 5.4.2 Start up procedure . 9 5.4.3 Leaching test 9 5.4.4 Cle
16、aning and disinfection. 11 6 Analysis 13 7 Expression of results 13 7.1 Concentrations in the extracts . 13 7.2 Daily migration rates 13 7.2.1 Calculation based on concentrations in extracts from one-pass sampling, T1to T3. 13 7.2.2 Calculation based on concentrations in leachates after re-circulati
17、on, R1and R214 8 Test report 14 Annex A (informative) Diagram of the test procedure. 15 Annex B (informative) Schematic diagram of an example test rig . 16 Bibliography 17 EN 12873-4:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12873-4:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply
18、”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2006.
19、 It is derived from a CEN Workshop Agreement prepared by the Project Team of the CEN Workshop CWA Water Treatment Membranes. This standard is one of a series of standards on test methods which support the appropriate standards. It has been drawn up with the objective to describe a test method to det
20、ermine the migration of substances from water treatment membranes. Annex A, which is informative, provides a flow diagram of the steps in the test procedure. Annex B, which is informative, describes a test rig. This standard is the fourth in a series of standards dealing with the influence of migrat
21、ion from materials on water intended for human consumption, including: Part 1 Test method for non-metallic and non-cementitious factory made products; Part 2 Test method for non-metallic and non-cementitious site-applied materials; Part 3 Test method for ion exchange and adsorbent resins; Part 4 Tes
22、t method for water treatment membranes. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hung
23、ary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 12873-4:2006 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human
24、 consumption caused by the materials, it is called to mind that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European acceptance criteria, the relevant national regulations remain in force. EN 12873-4:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This European standard describes a test method for laboratory evaluation of possib
25、le adverse effects of water treatment membranes on drinking water quality. In principle it is applicable to microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and electrodialysis modules for use in the treatment of public water supplies and of water inside buildings. NOTE Such devices
26、 can vary considerably in design and operation and hence some modification of the procedures may be required. Evaluation of the efficiency of the membrane filter in removing contaminants from the treated water is not included. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensab
27、le for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3
28、 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 analytical sample portion of the extract collected for the determination of specified water quality parameters 3.2 cell pair basic unit of ED systems consisting of a cation transfer memb
29、rane, a dilute flow (product) spacer, an anion transfer membrane and a concentrate (waste) spacer 3.3 electrodialysis process in which ionic species in a feed water are transferred by means of an electrical driving force via a membrane, which is either cation or anion specific, to a waste water stre
30、am 3.4 feed water inlet water for the test rig 3.5 leaching test/migration test determination of the effects on parameters of water quality following contact with the test sample under specified conditions 3.6 leaching/migration process of transferring constituents from a material of the test sample
31、 into test water carried out under specified conditions EN 12873-4:2006 (E) 6 3.7 leachate/extract test water after exposure to the test sample 3.8 membrane module filtration element including the membrane itself and all parts of its housing and fittings 3.9 procedural blank test water after contact
32、 with the test rig but not with the test sample under the same conditions used for the leaching test 3.10 product manufactured item, in its finished form, that comes into contact with drinking water NOTE In case of membrane water treatment systems the product is a membrane module. 3.11 product water
33、 treated water from the water treatment unit 3.12 reject water tangential water that does not flow through the membrane 3.13 test rig equipment, which is not part of the test sample, used to perform the test and control test conditions 3.14 test sample product, or part of a product, submitted for te
34、sting for suitability for use in contact with water intended for human consumption 3.15 test water water used in contact with the test sample for evaluation of migration behaviour 4 Symbols and abbreviations ED Electrodialysis 5 Test method 5.1 Principle Water of specified quality is run through a m
35、embrane module under specified operating conditions representing as much as possible the actual conditions of use. The procedure comprises several steps including flushing, operation with and without recycling and cleaning and/or disinfection, the latter depending on the manufacturers recommendation
36、s. The purpose of the recycling phase is to concentrate the potential contaminants leaching from the test sample. Samples of the concentrates and the single-pass extracts are taken for analysis. EN 12873-4:2006 (E) 7 The operating test temperature is maintained at the highest temperature approved by
37、 the manufacturer. In the absence of a recommended temperature it is (25 5) C. A schematic diagram of the test protocol is shown in Annex A. Water treatment devices based on membrane technology can be different in design and operation and therefore the procedures described, such as operation conditi
38、ons and cleaning, may need to be modified in some cases. 5.2 Reagents and apparatus 5.2.1 General Only reagents of analytical grade shall be used, except where specified otherwise. All reagents shall be of sufficient purity to ensure that they do not give rise to interferences during the analysis of
39、 the extracts. NOTE Contamination can arise from various sources, e.g. plastics or rubber materials. The use of procedural blanks and laboratory blanks assists in detecting any contamination and identifying its source. 5.2.2 Test water The test water shall consist of purified water conforming to gra
40、de 3 of EN ISO 3696 with an electrical conductivity not exceeding (10 0,1) S/cm. It shall be free from organic contaminants that can interfere with the analysis of the extracts. If testing with chlorinated test water is required then use test water according to 5.2.2 having an active chlorine conten
41、t of (1 0,2) mg/l as Cl2. When testing electrodialysis modules the test water shall consist of purified water containing (1 0,1) g/l of NaCl. NOTE Purification of water, such as tapwater, by a sequence consisting of carbon filtration, reverse osmosis or distillation and followed by deionization usua
42、lly produces satisfactory test water. 5.2.3 Flushing water The flushing water should be of a similar quality to the test water (5.2.2). Good quality tap water may be used provided that the following conditions are complied with: total organic carbon content of (1,0 mg/l 0,1 mg/l) carbon; conductivit
43、y of 500 S/cm; it is free from organic contaminants that can interfere with the analysis of the extracts; flushing is finished with a volume of the test water, corresponding to (5 0,5)% of the total volume used for flushing. For products not intended for use in contact with chlorinated water only un
44、chlorinated flushing water shall be used. 5.2.4 Cleaning agent The type and use of agents to clean and/or disinfect the test sample shall be as recommended by the manufacturer. EN 12873-4:2006 (E) 8 5.2.5 Procedural blank Before testing the filtration unit, bypass the test sample or replace it by an
45、 inert device (e.g. a piece of pipe made from the same material as the main test rig component, e.g. stainless steel). Fill the test rig with test water and subject the system to a twenty-four hour period of re-circulating flow in accordance with 5.4.3.1. Collect procedural blank analytical samples
46、(R0) in accordance with 5.4.3.3. Run the remaining extract to waste. Flush the test rig by circulating clean test water for (20 5) min and run to waste. Repeat this flushing once more. Fill the test rig with fresh test water. Adjust the flow of the test water through the test rig to the minimum oper
47、ational rate recommended for the test sample. Collect procedural blank analytical samples (T0) in accordance with 5.4.3.2. NOTE In the case where the complete water treatment unit is to be tested and no other parts are added that would be in contact with the test water, this stage may be omitted. Te
48、st water itself should then be analyzed as the procedural blanks R0and T0. 5.2.6 Test rig The test rig used is dependant on the device under test. Therefore the design and operation of the test rig for the membrane module under test shall reproduce as far as practical the conditions of actual use in
49、 service. In particular, testing shall be carried out under the same conditions, as for actual use, for the following: a) start-up procedure; b) use of cleaning and/or disinfection agents; c) water treatment membrane operating conditions, as relevant. As an example for a membrane system the test rig may include a pump, a reservoir of test water, pressure gauges, flow meters, sampling taps and connecting pipes and fittings. The rig shall allow temperature control, sampling of the product water, re-circulation of the product water a
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