1、BS EN13036-1:2010ICS 17.040.20; 93.080.10; 93.120NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRoad and airfieldsurface characteristics Test methodsPart 1: Measurement of pavementsurface macrotexture depth using avolumetric patch techniqueThis British Standard
2、was published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 68561 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 13036-1:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13036-1:2010. Itsupersedes BS
3、EN 13036-1:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/510/5, Surface characteristics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necess
4、ary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 13036-1:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13036-1 May 2010 ICS 17.040.20; 93.080.10; 93.120 Supersedes EN 13036-
5、1:2001English Version Road and airfield surface characteristics - Test methods - Part 1: Measurement of pavement surface macrotexture depth using a volumetric patch technique Caractristiques de surface des routes et arodromes - Mthodes dessai - Partie 1: Mesurage de la profondeur de macrotexture de
6、la surface dun revtement laide dune technique volumtrique la tache Oberflcheneigenschaften von Straen und Flugpltzen - Prfverfahren - Teil 1: Messung der Makrotexturtiefe der Fahrbahnoberflche mit Hilfe eines volumetrischen Verfahrens This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 March 2010. CEN
7、members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on appli
8、cation to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre h
9、as the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
10、Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and
11、by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13036-1:2010: EBS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Test method 54 Material and apparatus 55 Procedure .75.1 Test surface 75.2 Material sample 75.3 Deter
12、mination .75.4 Number of test measurements .86 Calculation of surface mean texture depth .87 Safety considerations .88 Test report 89 Precision of the method 9Annex A (informative) . 10Bibliography . 11BS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13036-1:2010) has been prepared
13、 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2010, and conflicting national standards shal
14、l be withdrawn at the latest by November 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13036-1:200
15、1. This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below: EN 13036-1, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 1: Measurement of p
16、avement surface macrotexture depth using a volumetric patch technique EN 13036-3, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 3: Measurement of pavement surface horizontal drainability EN 13036-4, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 4: Method of measurement of
17、 skid resistance of a surface The pendulum test EN 13036-6, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 6: Measurement of transverse and longitudinal profiles in the evenness and megatexture wavelength ranges EN 13036-7, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 7:
18、Irregularity measurement of pavement courses : the straightedge test EN 13036-8, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 8: Determination of transverse unevenness indices According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun
19、tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slov
20、enia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This document has been written in accordance with Annex A of ISO 10844:1994. (see 12 of the Bibliography) The so-called “sand-patch method” has been used worldwide for many years to measure
21、the road surface texture. It relies on a given volume of sand which is spread out on a road surface. The sand is distributed to form a circular patch, the diameter of which is measured. By dividing the volume of sand with the area covered, a value is obtained which represents the average depth of th
22、e sand layer, i. e. an average “texture depth”. The method is described in 2 of the Bibliography, but the procedure has been described and used even earlier. However, a development of the sand-patch method, replacing sand with glass spheres, has been described in ASTM E 965-87 (see 1 of the Bibliogr
23、aphy). The method in this document is largely based on ASTM E 965-87. However, a number of changes have been made, for example the use of only metric units and the avoidance of making references to other ASTM standards. Also, the layout has been adapted to the normal layout for European Standards. T
24、he selection of the ASTM standard rather than the procedure described in BS 812-114 (see 3 of the Bibliography) is based on the fact the ASTM standard uses a material with closer specifications and that the ASTM standard is far more precise in its description of the test method. BS EN 13036-1:2010EN
25、 13036-1:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for determining the average depth of pavement surface macrotexture by careful application of a known volume of material on the surface and subsequent measurement of the total area covered. The technique is designed to provide an a
26、verage depth value of only the pavement macrotexture and is considered insensitive to pavement microtexture characteristics. This test method is suitable for field tests to determine the average macrotexture depth of a pavement surface. When used in conjunction with other physical tests, the macrote
27、xture depth values derived from this test method can be used to determine the pavement skid resistance capability, noise characteristics and the suitability of paving materials or finishing techniques. When used with other tests, care should be taken that all tests are applied at the same location.
28、2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 565, Test sieves Metal
29、 wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings 3 Test method The standard materials and test apparatus consist of a quantity of uniform material, a container of known volume, a suitable wind screen or shield, brushes for cleaning the surface, a flat disc for sp
30、reading the material on the surface, and a ruler or other measuring device for determining the area covered by the material. A laboratory balance is also recommended to ensure consistent amounts for each measurement sample. The test method involves spreading a known volume of material on a clean and
31、 dry pavement surface, measuring the area covered, and subsequently calculating the average depth between the bottom of the pavement surface voids and the tops of surface aggregate particles. In spreading the material specified in this test method, the surface voids are completely filled flush to th
32、e tips of the surrounding aggregate particles. Pavement aggregate particle shape, size and distribution are surface texture features not addressed in this method. The method is not meant to provide a complete assessment of pavement surface texture characteristics. In particular, care should be exerc
33、ised in interpreting the result if the method is applied to porous surfaces and to deeply grooved surfaces. The method can be applied to a wide range of surfaces. Its validity range is 0,25 mm to 5 mm, expressed in Mean Profile Depth, MPD (see Annex A). 4 Material and apparatus The essential element
34、s of the apparatus, shown in Figure 1, consist of the following: BS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 6 Key 1 portable wind screen 2 spreading tool 3 surface cleaning brushes 4 sample cylinder 5 ruler Figure 1 Apparatus for measuring surface macrotexture depth 4.1 Material. Solid glass spheres bein
35、g essentially round shall be used. Refer, for example, to reference 4 of the Bibliography. The spheres shall be graded to have a minimum of 90 % by weight passing a 0,25 mm sieve and retained on a 0,18 mm sieve complying with ISO 565. NOTE For availability of material, see for example references 1 a
36、nd 5 of the Bibliography. 4.2 Sample container. A calibrated metal or plastic container with a predetermined internal volume of at least (25 000 (25 ml) 150) mm3shall be used to determine the volume of glass spheres spread. 4.3 Spreader tool. A flat, hard disc approximately (65 1) mm in diameter and
37、 covered on one face with a hard rubber plate (2 0,5) mm thick, with a (305 10) g mass according to Figure 2. BS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 7 Key 1 knurled handle Figure 2 Flat hard disc and rubber plate sticked on its base 4.4 Brushes. A soft bristle brush shall be used to clean the pavemen
38、t surface thoroughly prior to application of the material sample. 4.5 Windshield. A suitable screen or shield can be placed on the pavement surface to protect the material sample from the wind and turbulence created by traffic. An example is shown in Figure 1. 4.6 Scale and balance. A standard scale
39、 500 mm in length and having 1 mm divisions should be used. Use of a laboratory balance, sensitive to 0,1 g, is recommended with this test method to provide additional control of the mass of material used for the surface macrotexture depth measurement . 5 Procedure 5.1 Test surface Inspect the pavem
40、ent surface to be measured and select a dry, homogeneous area that contains no unique, localized features such as cracks and joints. Thoroughly clean the surface using the soft bristle brush to remove any residue, debris or loosely bonded aggregate particles from the surface. Position the portable w
41、indshield around the surface test area. 5.2 Material sample Fill the cylinder of known volume with dry material and gently tap the base of the cylinder several times on a rigid surface. Add more material to fill the container to the top, and level with a straightedge. If a laboratory balance is avai
42、lable, determine the mass of material in the container and use this mass of material sample for each measurement. 5.3 Determination Pour the measured volume or mass of material on to the dry and cleaned test surface. Carefully spread the material into a circular patch, with the disc tool, rubber-cov
43、ered side down, filling the surface voids flush with the aggregate particle tips. Use a slight pressure on the hand, just enough to ensure that the disc will spread out the material so that the disc touches the surface aggregate particle tips. BS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 8 Measure and reco
44、rd the diameter of the circular area covered by the material at a minimum of four equally spaced locations around the sample circumference. Calculate and record the average diameter. 5.4 Number of test measurements The same operator should perform at least four, randomly spaced measurements on a giv
45、en test pavement surface type. The arithmetic average of the individual values shall be considered to be the average surface texture (macrotexture) depth of the tested pavement surface. 6 Calculation of surface mean texture depth Calculate the mean texture depth, MTD, using the following equation: 2
46、/4 DVMTD = (1) where MTD is the mean texture depth, expressed in millimeters (mm); V is the sample volume (i. e. internal cylinder volume), expressed in cubic millimeters (mm3); D is the average diameter of the area covered by the material, expressed in millimeters (mm). 7 Safety considerations This
47、 test method can involve hazardous operations when measurements are made on trafficked pavements. The European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and h
48、ealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 8 Test report The test report for each pavement test surface shall contain data on the following items: a) location and identification of test pavement surface; b) date; c) weather conditions, d) identification o
49、f the operator; e) volume of material used for each test measurement, in cubic mm3f) number of test measurements; g) average diameter of the area covered by the material, in mm, for each test; h) surface texture depth, in mm, for each test; i) average texture depth, in mm, for total pavement test surface. BS EN 13036-1:2010EN 13036-1:2010 (E) 9 9 Precision of the method Controlled tests have been conducted on laboratory specimens having a range of m
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