BS EN 13146-1-2012 Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Determination of longitudinal rail restraint《轨道交通 轨道 紧固系统的试验方法 纵向轨道约束力的测定》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13146-1:2012Railway applications Track Test methods for fasteningsystemsPart 1: Determination of longitudinal railrestraintCopyright European Committee for Standardization

2、Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13146-1:2012.It supersedes BS EN 13146-1:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK pa

3、rticipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RAE/2, Railway Applications - Track.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are re

4、sponsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 68146 2ICS 45.080Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards

5、Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EUROPEAN STA

6、NDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13146-1 April 2012 ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13146-1:2002English Version Railway applications - Track - Test methods for fastening systems - Part 1: Determination of longitudinal rail restraint Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Mthodes dessai pour les systmes

7、 de fixation - Partie 1: Dtermination de la rsistance longitudinale au glissement Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Prfverfahren fr Schienenbefestigungssysteme - Teil 1: Ermittlung des Durchschubwiderstandes in Lngsrichtung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 November 2011. CEN members are bo

8、und to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the

9、CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre

10、 has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway

11、, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any

12、 form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13146-1:2012: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (

13、E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3Introduction 41 Scope 52 Normative references . 53 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations 53.1 Terms and definitions . 53.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 54 Principle . 65 Apparatus 65.1 Rail 65.2 Actuator . 65.3 Displacement measuring instruments 65.4 Force me

14、asuring instruments . 65.5 Verification of calibration . 66 Test specimens . 66.1 Rail support . 66.2 Fastening . 77 Procedure 77.1 Test temperature . 77.2 Preparation for test . 77.3 Loading 87.3.1 Longitudinal rail restraint . 87.3.2 Longitudinal stiffness . 97.4 Calculation . 97.4.1 Longitudinal

15、rail restraint . 97.4.2 Longitudinal stiffness . 107.5 Visual inspection . 108 Test report . 10Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (

16、E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13146-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at

17、 the latest by October 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any

18、 or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13146-1:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. In this European Standard, the test procedure has been adapted to be applicable to embedded rail as w

19、ell as surface mounted rail. For embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system the test result is expressed as longitudinal stiffness. This European Standard is one of the series EN 13146 “Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems“ which consists of the following parts: Part 1:

20、 Determination of longitudinal rail restraint; Part 2: Determination of torsional resistance; Part 3: Determination of attenuation of impact loads; Part 4: Effect of repeated loading; Part 5: Determination of electrical resistance; Part 6: Effect of severe environmental conditions; Part 7: Determina

21、tion of clamping force; Part 8: In service testing; Part 9: Determination of stiffness. These support the requirements in the series EN 13481 “Railway applications Track Performance requirements for fastening systems“. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiz

22、ations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portu

23、gal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (E)

24、 4 Introduction For fastening systems that clamp the rail at discrete intervals the test procedure measures the longitudinal rail restraint. For an embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system the test procedure measures the longitudinal stiffness. Copyright European Committee for Standardization

25、 Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a laboratory test procedure to determine: a) the maximum longitudinal force that can be applied t

26、o a rail, secured to a sleeper, bearer or element of slab track by a rail fastening assembly, without non-elastic displacement of the rail occurring, or b) the longitudinal stiffness at a specified longitudinal displacement of a specimen of embedded rail with an adhesive fastening system. 2 Normativ

27、e references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) app

28、lies. EN 13146-9, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 9: Determination of stiffness EN 13481-1:2012, Railway applications Track Performance requirements for fastening systems Part 1: Definitions EN ISO 7500-1:2004, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial tes

29、ting machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004) EN ISO 9513:2002, Metallic materials Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testing (ISO 9513:1999) 3 Terms and definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Te

30、rms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13481-1:2012 apply. 3.2 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply. D1maximum longitudinal displacement of rail during each cycle of loading, in mm; D2residual l

31、ongitudinal displacement of rail after removal of load, in mm; D3elastic longitudinal displacement of rail prior to slip, in mm; Dr maximum longitudinal displacement of embedded rail with adhesive fastening system, in mm; F maximum axial load on the rail without non-elastic displacement occurring, i

32、n kN; Fmax axial load at which gross slip occurs, in kN; kL longitudinal stiffness of embedded rail with adhesive fastening system, in kN/mm per m; LT sample length of embedded rail, in m. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reprodu

33、ction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (E) 6 4 Principle A longitudinal load is applied by pulling a rail fixed to a sleeper, bearer or element of slab track by one or two rail fastening assemblies or by an embedded rail fastening system whilst t

34、he support is restrained. Movement of the rail relative to the support is recorded and the load removed when the rail slips or the specified longitudinal displacement occurs. Longitudinal rail restraint or longitudinal stiffness are obtained from a plot of load versus displacement. 5 Apparatus 5.1 R

35、ail A short length of rail (approximately 0,5 m per rail seat) of the section for which the fastening assembly under test is designed. The rail shall be unlaminated and have neither loose rust on the surface nor be polished on the foot by repeated testing. For an embedded rail, the rail is part of t

36、he test specimen. 5.2 Actuator Actuator capable of applying a tensile force of at least 40 kN to the longitudinal axis of the rail as shown in Figure 1. 5.3 Displacement measuring instruments Instruments conforming to EN ISO 9513:2002, Table 2, Class 2. The instruments shall be capable of measuring

37、the longitudinal displacement of the rail, relative to the rail support with an accuracy of 0,02 mm. Non-contact instruments may be used providing a procedure for verifying their calibration is used and recorded. NOTE Non-contact instruments are outside the scope of EN ISO 9513. 5.4 Force measuring

38、instruments Instruments conforming to EN ISO 7500-1:2004, class 1 over the required range of force. 5.5 Verification of calibration The calibration of actuators and measuring instruments shall be verified using equipment having certified traceability to European or International Standards using the

39、International System of Units (SI). 6 Test specimens 6.1 Rail support A sleeper, half sleeper, bearer or element of slab track, incorporating embedded rail where appropriate, complete with cast-in fastening components or holes, and rail seats, as made without modification for this test. For fastenin

40、g systems incorporating continuous support of surface mounted rail, the test shall be performed using a length of pad equal in length to the design spacing of the fastening along the rail. The piece of rail used for the test shall be at least as long as the piece of pad. Copyright European Committee

41、 for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (E) 7 For surface mounted fastening systems which have low frequency dynamic stiffness 50 MN/m, when tested in accordance wi

42、th EN 13146-9, it may be necessary to carry out the test over two rail seats to provide greater stability. For mechanically fastened embedded rail, the test length shall be the typical spacing of the fastenings. For an adhesive fastened embedded rail the test length shall be (500 to 750) mm. 6.2 Fas

43、tening The complete fastening assembly includes all components and baseplate, where appropriate. 7 Procedure 7.1 Test temperature The test shall be carried out in a room or enclosure maintained at (23 5) C. All components used in the test shall be kept at this temperature for no less than 4 h prior

44、to the commencement of the test. 7.2 Preparation for test If not already in place, fix the short length of rail to one or two rail seats as necessary using the fastening components as assembled in track. Place the rail support on a rigid base and restrict any movement parallel to the rail as shown i

45、n Figure 1. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 13146-1:2012EN 13146-1:2012 (E) 8 14523Key 1 rail as described in 5.1 2 fastening assembly including rail pad 3

46、load-displacement measuring and recording instruments 4 rail support as described in 6.1 5 rigid support and restraint to prevent rotation of the rail support NOTE For fastenings which hold the rail foot, the force application should be at the rail foot and for fastenings which hold the rail web the

47、 force should be applied at the rail centroid. Figure 1 Test arrangement 7.3 Loading 7.3.1 Longitudinal rail restraint Apply a tensile load at a constant rate of (10 5) kN/min to one end of the rail. From the start of this loading cycle, automatically measure the load and longitudinal displacement o

48、f the rail relative to the sleeper. When the rail slips in the fastening assembly or if the load is more than four times the performance requirement, rapidly reduce the load to zero and continue measuring the rail displacement for two minutes. Without removing or adjusting the fastening assembly in any way repeat the above cycle a further three times with three minute intervals in the unloaded condition between each cycle. Plot the applied load ag