BS EN 13302-2010 6875 Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of dynamic viscosity of bituminous binder using a rotating spindle apparatus《沥青和沥青粘合剂 使用旋轴仪测定沥青粘合剂的动态黏度》.pdf

1、BS EN 13302:2010ICS 75.140; 91.100.50NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDBitumen and bituminous binders Determination of dynamic viscosity of bituminous binder using a rotating spindle apparatusBS 2000-505:2010Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CH

2、INA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 62920 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 13302:2010National forewor

3、dThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13302:2010. It supersedes BS EN 13302:2003, BS EN 13702-2:2003 and BS EN 14896:2006 which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PTI/13, Petroleum Testing and Terminology.A list of organizations

4、 represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Energ

5、y Institute, under the brand of IP, publishes and sells all Parts of BS 2000, and all BS EN petroleum test methods that would be Part of BS 2000, both in its annual publication “Standard methods for analysis and testing of petroleum and related products and British Standard 2000 Parts” and individua

6、lly.Further information is available from: Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London W1G 7AR.Tel: 020 7467 7100. Fax: 020 7255 1472.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE

7、NORM EN 13302 March 2010 ICS 75.140; 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 13302:2003, EN 13702-2:2003, EN 14896:2006English Version Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of dynamic viscosity of bituminous binder using a rotating spindle apparatusBitumes et liants bitumineux - Dtermination de la viscosit

8、 dynamique des liants bituminuex laide dun viscosimtre tournant Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der dynamischen Viskositt von bitumenhaltigem Bindemittel mit einem Viskosimeter mit rotierender Spindel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 January 2010. CEN members are

9、bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to th

10、e CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same

11、status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Port

12、ugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means

13、 reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13302:2010: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EN 13302:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Principle

14、 55 Apparatus .56 Sampling .77 Procedure .77.1 General 77.2 Bituminous binders (unmodified and modified) .77.3 Bituminous emulsions 87.4 Cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders . 108 Expression of results . 119 Precision 119.1 Repeatability 119.2 Reproducibility 1110 Test report . 12Bibliography . 13

15、Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EN 13302:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13302:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This Euro

16、pean Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the

17、 elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13302:2003, EN 13702-2:2003, EN 14896:2006. This document is a merged document based on EN 13302:2003, EN 13702-

18、2:2003 and EN 14896:2006. The reason for merging the three standards is that: the three standards did describe basically the same test method performed on three different types of bituminous materials originally developed by three different working groups almost parallel in time; minor insignificant

19、 differences in the three test methods were highly impractical for quality control/quality assurance in the laboratories using the same equipment for two or three of the mentioned standards. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following coun

20、tries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slov

21、enia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EN 13302:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the dynamic viscosity of a variet

22、y of bituminous binders: modified and unmodified bituminous binders, bituminous emulsions, cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders, by means of a rotating spindle apparatus (a coaxial viscometer). Standard application temperatures are quoted, although the dynamic viscosity can be measured at other te

23、mperatures if required. Similarly, viscosity is quoted at standard rates of shear, although additional measures can be taken at varying shear rates if required. WARNING The use of this standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all o

24、f the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispens

25、able for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders Sampling bituminous binders EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminou

26、s binders Preparation of test samples 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 shear stress force acting tangentially to a surface divided by the area of the surface NOTE Shear stress is expressed in Newton per square metre (N m-2), ki

27、logram per meter per square second (kg m-1 s-2) or Pascal (Pa) 3.2 shear rate velocity gradient in a flowing fluid perpendicular to the stress NOTE 1 Shear rate is expressed in units per second (s-1). NOTE 2 The shear rate calculation depends upon the viscometer geometry. This should be mentioned by

28、 the viscometer manufacturer. 3.3 dynamic viscosity ratio between the applied shear stress and the shear rate NOTE 1 Dynamic viscosity is expressed in Pascal second (Pa s). Millipascal second (mPa s) is a frequently used sub-unit. NOTE 2 Dynamic viscosity is the measurement of the resistance to flow

29、 of a liquid. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EN 13302:2010 (E) 5 3.4 Newtonian fluid fluid having a viscosity that is independent of the shear rate NOTE The ratio of the shear stress to the shear rate is the viscosit

30、y of the fluid. If this ratio is not constant the liquid is non-Newtonian and many fluids exhibit both Newtonian and non-Newtonian behaviour, depending on the temperature and the shear rate. 3.5 apparent viscosity term used to characterise the resistance to flow of a Newtonian or non-Newtonian fluid

31、 3.6 form factor specific factor or factors to be applied for the individual equipment in order to obtain the actual viscosity from the readings, mainly due to the geometry of the apparatus 4 Principle The torque applied to a spindle (e.g. a cylinder) rotating in a special sample container containin

32、g the test sample, measures the relative resistance of the spindle to rotation and provides a measure of the dynamic viscosity of the sample. It may be necessary to apply a form factor to yield the actual dynamic viscosity at the test temperature. NOTE 1 Some bituminous materials may exhibit non-New

33、tonian behaviour under the conditions of this method. Since non-Newtonian viscosity values are not unique material properties, but reflect the behaviour of the fluid and the measurement system, it should be recognised that measurements made by this method may not always predict performance under the

34、 conditions of use. Comparisons between non-Newtonian viscosities should be made only for measurements under similar conditions of shear stress and shear rate. NOTE 2 Unlike penetration grade bitumen, polymer modified bitumens (PMBs) do not show a straight line on the Heukelom-Diagram. This implies

35、that in order to obtain information about the temperature susceptibility of PMBs, viscosity should be measured at different temperatures. 5 Apparatus Usual laboratory equipment, together with the following: 5.1 Rotating spindle viscometer, dynamic viscosity measurements with rotational viscometers o

36、n the bituminous products addressed by this standard may cover wide ranges of shear rates and viscosities: Range of shear rate: 1 s-1to 104s-1 Range of dynamic viscosities: 10-2Pa s to 106Pa s In order to cover all product types mentioned in the Scope (Clause 1), under the most usual test conditions

37、, this standards requires rotational viscometer(s) with sample containers and rotating spindles allowing following minimum capabilities: Range of shear rate: 1 s-1to 200 s-1 Range of dynamic viscosities: 10-2Pa s to 103Pa s NOTE 1 In QA/QC, and in the case of rotating cylinders, the following two co

38、nditions give an indication of correct measuring geometry: Ratio of the radius: R2/R1 1,1 (reference to Figure 1); Difference between the radius R1 R2= 1 mm to 6 mm. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EN 13302:2010 (E) 6

39、 Range of temperature: 40 C to 200 C; for oxidised grades: 40 C to 230 C NOTE 2 Typical test temperatures are 40 C for bituminous emulsions, 60 C to 90 C for cut-backs and fluxed bitumens, 90 C to 180 C for unmodified or polymer modified bituminous binders. For any given spindle and sample container

40、 combination, the operating instructions of the equipment shall allow the operator to select the adequate rotation speed so as to obtain a desired shear rate. Key 1 Sample container 2 Spindle 3 Thickness of sample being measured 4 Sample under test R1Inner radius (spindle) R2Inner radius (sample con

41、tainer Figure 1 Rotational viscometer (principle) 5.2 Appropriate spindle(s), a spindle, or set of spindles, appropriate for the equipment, that will allow, for the materials to be tested and each specific test condition, dynamic viscosities to be measured with an accuracy close to 2 % and at least

42、equal to 5 %. If achievable accuracy is not known from the information given by the manufacturer of the equipment, the spindles should be selected so as to obtain dynamic viscosity readings greater or equal to 20 % of the spindle working range for the chosen test conditions. For low viscosity materi

43、als (typically, for viscosities below 100 mPa s), it may be difficult to fulfil these requirements with existing equipment. Lower accuracy is then permitted but needs to be documented while indicating, in the test report, the actually achieved level of accuracy or, if not known, the position of the

44、reading with regard to the working range of the used spindle (Clause 10). 5.3 Sample container, specific to the rotating spindle viscometer, that allows the equipment to be used in coaxial mode and therefore enable the control of shear rate. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 08/

45、07/2010 02:02, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13302:2010EN 13302:2010 (E) 7 5.4 Temperature control device, such as a water or oil jacket or any other appropriate device. The chosen device shall be capable of controlling temperature of the test sample to 0,5 C. 6 Sampling A sample from the material

46、 to be tested shall be taken in accordance with EN 58 and prepared in accordance with EN 12594. 7 Procedure 7.1 General This paragraph is divided in several parts to cope with small deviations in procedure due to differences in the product types covered by this European Standard. 7.2 Bituminous bind

47、ers (unmodified and modified) 7.2.1 Preparation of test sample The bulk binder sample shall be placed in an oven maintained at a temperature of about 80 C above the expected ring and ball softening point temperature or at a maximum of 200 C which ever is the lower (in case of oxidised bitumen the ma

48、ximum temperature is 230 C). Do not overfill or underfill the sample container, as the sample volume is critical to meet the system calibration conditions. The container shall be covered with a loose lid to protect it against oxidation. The test sample shall be fluid before transferring it to the sa

49、mple container. The total heating time should not exceed 1 h 45 min for samples of 100 ml to 499 ml and 2 h 15 min for samples of 500 ml to 999 ml. Test samples shall be tested within 4 h of the start of their preparation. 7.2.2 Preheating Set the temperature control device to the desired test temperature. Refer to the operating instructions for the calibration of the temperature control device if necessary. Connect the selected spindle