1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13481-4:2012Railway applications Track Performance requirements for fastening systemsPart 4: Fastening systems for steel sleepersBS EN 13481-4:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational
2、 forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13481-4:2012. It supersedes BS EN 13481-4:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/2, Railway Applications - Track.A list of organizations represented on this committee can b
3、e obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 68157 8 ICS 93.100 Complianc
4、e with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 13481-4:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EURO
5、PISCHE NORM EN 13481-4 May 2012 ICS 93.100 Supersedes EN 13481-4:2002English Version Railway applications - Track - Performance requirements for fastening systems - Part 4: Fastening systems for steel sleepersApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Exigences de performance pour les systmes de fixation -
6、Partie 4: Systmes de fixation pour traverses en acier Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Leistungsanforderungen fr Schienenbefestigungssysteme - Teil 4: Befestigungssysteme fr Stahlschwellen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 April 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC In
7、ternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to a
8、ny CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official
9、versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia
10、, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved world
11、wide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13481-4:2012: EBS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction . 41 Scope 52 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Symbols 65 Requirements . 75.1 Longitudinal rail restraint . 7 5.2 Torsional resistance 85.3 Pad a
12、nd assembly stiffness 85.4 Effect of repeated loading . 85.5 Electrical resistance 95.6 Effect of exposure to severe environmental conditions 95.7 Dimensions . 105.8 Effect of fastening system tolerances on track gauge 105.9 Clamping force . 115.10 In-service testing . 115.11 Attenuation of noise an
13、d vibration 116 Test specimens 117 Fitness for purpose . 118 Marking, labelling and packaging 11Annex A (normative) Effect of repeated loading Steel sleeper configuration . 12A.1 Symbols 12A.2 Test arrangement . 12A.3 Test report 13Annex B (informative) Vibration and noise . 14B.1 General 14B.2 Symb
14、ols 14B.3 Parameters for environmental vibration calculations 14B.4 Calculating the vibration attenuation 15B.5 Environmental noise . 15Bibliography 16BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13481-4:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applica
15、tions”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2012
16、. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13481-4:2002. The main changes in this revision of EN 13
17、481-3:2002 are as follows: a) the ranges of test loads have been extended to cover the new categories of fastening systems (5.3, Table 2 and 5.4, Table 3); b) advice on attenuation of noise and vibration has been added (Annex B). This European Standard is one of the series EN 13481 “Railway applicat
18、ions Track Performance requirements for fastening systems“ which consists of the following parts: Part 1: Definitions Part 2: Fastening systems for concrete sleepers Part 3: Fastening systems for wood sleepers Part 4: Fastening systems for steel sleepers Part 5: Fastening systems for slab track with
19、 rail on the surface or rail embedded in a channel Part 7: Special fastening systems for switches and crossings and check rails NOTE Part 6 does not exist in this series. These European Standards are supported by the test methods in the series EN 13146 “Railway applications Track Test methods for fa
20、stening systems“. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the fo
21、llowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sl
22、ovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 4 Introduction A series of tests is used to assess the suitability of fastening systems for use in railway track. In this European Standard a requirement for longitudinal rail restraint
23、 is included to control rail creep and pull apart in the event of a broken rail. Measurement of torsional resistance is included for use in assessing the risk of track buckling. The laboratory test for the effect of repeated loading is specified to assess the potential long term performance of the f
24、astening in track. The test for clamping force is only suitable for laboratory use. BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to fastening systems, in categories A C and E as specified in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1, for use on rectilinear steel sleepers in ballas
25、ted track with maximum axle loads and minimum curve radii in accordance with Table 1. Table 1 Fastening category criteria Category Maximum design axle load kN Minimum curve radius m A 130 40 B 180 80C 260 150E 350 150 NOTE The maximum axle load for categories A and B does not apply to maintenance ve
26、hicles. The requirements apply to: fastening systems which act on the foot and/or web of the rail including direct fastening systems and indirect fastening systems; fastening systems for the rail sections in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) and EN 13674-4+A1. This standard is not applicable to fastening
27、systems for other rail sections, rigid fastening systems or special fastening systems used at bolted joints or glued joints. This standard is for type approval of a complete fastening assembly only. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in th
28、is document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13146-1:2012, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 1
29、: Determination of longitudinal rail restraint EN 13146-2:2012, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 2: Determination of torsional resistance EN 13146-4:2012, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 4: Effect of repeated loading EN 13146-5:201
30、2, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 5: Determination of electrical resistance EN 13146-6:2012, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 6: Effect of severe environmental conditions BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 6 EN 13146-7:2012, Ra
31、ilway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 7: Determination of clamping force EN 13146-8:2012, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 8: In service testing EN 13146-9:2009+A1:2011, Railway applications Track Test methods for fastening systems Part 9:
32、 Determination of stiffness EN 13481-1:2012, Railway applications Track Performance requirements for fastening systems Part 1: Definitions EN 13674-1, Railway applications Track Rail Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above EN 13674-4+A1, Railway applications Track Rail Part 4: Vignole railwa
33、y rails from 27 kg/m to, but excluding 46 kg/m 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13481-1:2012 apply. 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the following symbols apply. FHFAmaxstatic preload applied in measurement of high frequency
34、 stiffness of assembly, in kN; FLFA1 minimum force applied in measurement of dynamic low frequency stiffness of assembly, in kN;FLFAmax reference force for measurement of dynamic low frequency stiffness of assembly, in kN; FLFP1notional fastening clip force assumed for measurement of dynamic low fre
35、quency stiffness of pad, in kN; FLFPmaxreference force for measurement of dynamic low frequency stiffness of pad, in kN; Fmaxaxial load at which gross slip occurs in the longitudinal rail restraint test (EN 13146-1:2012), in kN; FSA1 notional fastening clip force assumed for measurement of static st
36、iffness of assembly, in kN; FSAmax force applied to assembly in measurement of static stiffness of assembly, in kN; FSP1 notional fastening clip force assumed for measurement of static stiffness of pad, in kN; FSpmaxforce applied to pad in measurement of static stiffness of pad, in kN; kHFAD transfe
37、r stiffness in measurement of high frequency stiffness of assembly, in N/m; kLFA low frequency dynamic stiffness of assembly, in MN/m; L lateral component of force transmitted by the wheel to the rail head as shown in Figure 1, in kN; PLcomponent of load parallel to the running surface of the rails,
38、 in kN; BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 7 PVcomponent of load normal to the running surface of the rails, in kN; V vertical component of load transmitted by the wheel to the running surface at the rail head as shown in Figure 1, in kN; X distance between the line of application of PLand the ce
39、ntre of the gauge corner radius of the rail head as shown in Figure 1, in mm; angle between the load line and a line normal to the running surface of the rails as shown in Figure 1, in . NOTE = tanVLPPVLVLX12Key 1 line of load application 2 centre of gauge corner radius Figure 1 Load application pos
40、ition 5 Requirements 5.1 Longitudinal rail restraint The longitudinal rail restraint shall be not less than 7 kN when measured by the procedure in EN 13146-1. . BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 8 On structures such as long bridges, the longitudinal force transmitted between the track and the st
41、ructure may be calculated by the method in EN 1991-2. The value of Fmaxmeasured in accordance with EN 13146-1 may be used in the calculation. In such cases, and subject to agreement between the purchaser and manufacturer, the minimum requirement for longitudinal restraint may be reduced. 5.2 Torsion
42、al resistance When required by the purchaser, the torsional resistance shall be measured by the procedure in EN 13146-2 and the result reported. 5.3 Pad and assembly stiffness As required by EN 13146-4, the assembly static stiffness and assembly low frequency dynamic stiffness shall be measured in a
43、ccordance with EN 13146-9+A1. Measurement of the rail pad static stiffness is required at the purchasers discretion in accordance with EN 13146-8. If the purchaser requires any of the following it shall be measured in accordance with EN 13146-9+A1: pad low frequency dynamic stiffness; assembly high
44、frequency dynamic stiffness. Test loads are given in Table 2. NOTE Guidance on the measurement of pad high frequency dynamic stiffness is given in EN 13146-9:2009+A1:2011, Annex A. For the measurement of assembly properties at acoustic frequency see EN 15461+A1. Table 2 Loads for measurement of stif
45、fness Fastening category FSP1and FLFP1 kNFSPmaxand FLFPmaxkN FSA1and FLFAkN FSAmaxand FLFAmaxkN A 16 51 1 32B 18 64 1 43 C 18 85 1 64E 20 119 1 95 5.4 Effect of repeated loading As required by EN 13146-4, this shall be determined by the procedure in EN 13146-4 with the following addition: that sleep
46、ers shall be tested in accordance with EN 13146-4:2012, 7.4 and Figure 5, but the steel sleeper, or pair of sleepers, shall be supported on elastomeric soffit pads as described in Annex A. The test loads and positions in Table 3 shall be used. BS EN 13481-4:2012EN 13481-4:2012 (E) 9 Table 3 Test loa
47、ds and positions Fastening category adegrees X a mm PV/cos kN a,bKLFA 200 c MN/m KLFA 200 c MN/m A 38,6 25 d 55 55B38,6 25 d 62 65 C 33 15 d 75 83E 40 75 d 100 108 aThe positions and test loads apply only to rail sections included in EN 13674-1 (excluding 49E4) and EN 13674-4+A1. bThe test loads ref
48、lect the typical axle loads and curve radii in EN 13481-1:2012, 3.1.cLow frequency dynamic stiffness of assembly measured, at 5 Hz, in accordance with EN 13146-9+A1.dFor web supported rail the rail section shall be unmodified (i.e. X = 0).The following measurements shall be performed before and afte
49、r repeated loading. The change in performance shall not exceed the values shown below. For fastening systems which support the web of the rail, the change in clamping force does not apply. Longitudinal rail restraint change 20 %; Vertical stiffness change 25 %; Clamping force change 20 %; Electrical resistance (see 5.5). Compli
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