BS EN 13509-2003 Cathodic protection measurement techniques《阴极保护测量方法》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13509:2003 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Cathodic protection measurement techniques The European Standard EN 13509:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.40; 77.060 BS EN 13509:2003 This British Standard, was published under the authority of the Standards Polic

2、y and Strategy Committee on 23 June 2003 BSI 1 December 2003 ISBN 0 580 42129 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13509:2003. Attention is drawn to the fact that BS 7361-1:1991, Cathodic protection Part 1: Code of practice for land and marine appl

3、ications, provides general information on cathodic protection. Note that BS 7361-1:1991 will eventually be withdrawn when all the CEN standards relating to cathodic protection currently being prepared are published. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/603

4、 Cathodic protection, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BS

5、I Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for

6、its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK inter

7、ests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 38, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this docum

8、ent indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 14827 Corrigendum No. 1 1 December 2003 Changes to National forewordEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13509 May2003 ICS25.220.40;77.060 Englishversion Cathodicprotectionmeasurem

9、enttechniques Techniquesdemesuresapplicablesenprotection cathodique MessverfahrenfrdenkathodischenKorrosionsschutz ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon27December2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatuso

10、fanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation unde

11、rtheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Por

12、tugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.E

13、N13509:2003EEN13509:2003(E) 2 Contents Page Foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 5 3 Terms,definitionsandsymbols 5 3.1 Termsanddefinitions. 5 3.2 Symbols . 9 4 Buriedstructuretoelectrolytepotential. 10 4.1 Electricalequipment . 10 4.2 Potentialmeasurement. 10 4.3 Factorsinflue

14、ncingthepotentialmeasurement 1 1 4.4 Potentialmeasurementtechniques . 13 4.4.1 MeasuringtechniqueincludingIRdrop(onpotentialmeasurement) . 13 4.4.2 MeasuringtechniquestodetermineIRfreepotentials(E irfree ). 13 5 Immersedstructuretoelectrolytepotential . 16 5.1 Electricalequipment . 16 5.2 Potentialm

15、easurements . 16 5.2.1 Directpotentialmeasurementmethods 16 5.2.2 Indirectpotentialmeasurementmethod. 17 6 Othermeasurements 17 6.1 Currentmeasurements(d.c.) . 17 6.2 Isolatingjoints . 17 6.3 Foreignstructures . 18 6.4 Coating . 18 AnnexA (informative) TableA.1ElectrodesforPotentialMeasurementsinSoi

16、land/or AqueousMedia 19 AnnexB (informative) Currentreductiontechnique . 20 AnnexC (informative) Abovegroundsurveysusedtomeasurepipetosoilpotentialalong aburiedpipeline 22 AnnexD (informative) Abovegroundsurveysusedtoassessthecoatingconditionandto locatecoatingdefects. 23 AnnexE (informative) Specia

17、loffpotentialmeasurementsinstraycurrentsareas . 25 AnnexF (informative) Explanatorynoteontheuseoftheintensivemeasurement techniqueandthecalculationoftheIRfreepotential(E IRfree ) . 26 AnnexG (informative) Examplesoftypicalcouponsandexternalpotentialtestprobefor pipe . 28 AnnexH(normative)Accuracyofp

18、otentialmeasuringequipment. 29 AnnexI (informative) Accuracyofcurrentmeasurement. 31 AnnexJ (informative) Evaluationoftheresistanceofisolatingjoints . 33 AnnexK (informative) Currentinjectiontestonisolatingjoints . 35 Bibliography . 37EN13509:2003(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN13509:2003)hasbeenprepa

19、redbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC219“ Cathodic protection“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyBSI. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofan identicaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyNovember2003,andconflictingnationalstandards shallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyNovember20

20、03. ThisEuropeanStandardshouldbeconsideredasabasicdocumentdevelopinggeneral measurementtechniquesapplicablefortheprotectionofburiedorimmersedmetallicstructures. AnnexesA,B,C,D,E,F,G,I,JandKareinformative. AnnexHisnormative. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulati

21、ons,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthe followingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnited Kingdom.

22、EN13509:2003(E) 4 Introduction ThisEuropeanStandarddescribestheprinciplesofthedifferentmethodsofmeasurementusedto assistinthedesignofthecathodicprotectionsystemofaburiedorimmersedmetallicstructure,for theverificationofitseffectivenessandfinallyforitsoptimumoperationalconditions. Itdealsinparticularw

23、iththemeasurementofthestructuretoelectrolytepotential,whichindicates whetherornotthecathodicprotectioncriterionforthestructureismet . Apartfromspecifyingthefactors,whichmayinfluencethemeasurementofthepotential,this EuropeanStandarddescribesthedifferenttechniquespossibleandtheirsuitabilityinvarious s

24、ituations. Further,thisEuropeanStandardprovidesparameterstobecontrolledandmeasurementstobe carriedout(potential,potentialgradient,currentandresistancemeasurements)toensurethecorrect functioningofthecathodicprotectionsystemanditseffectivenessfortheentirestructure. Severalmeasurementmethodsdescribedin

25、generaltermsinthebodyofthestandardareexplained inmoredetailinannexes.Thesemethodsdifferfromoneanothertoaccountfordifferencesintypeor stateofthestructure,thelocalenvironmentandthedegreeofaccuracyselected. Measurementsonburiedstructuresthatarenoteasilyaccessiblee.g.pipenetworksinurbanareas aredifficul

26、ttoimplementandinterpret.Totakemeasurementswithoutthefullknowledgeofthe problemsassociatedwiththemeasurementtechniquerenderstheinterpretationofthemeasurements difficultandleadstoincorrectdecisions. OneoftheclausesofthisEuropeanStandardthereforeoutlinesthedifficultiesencounteredwhen measuringstructur

27、etoelectrolytepotentials,andsuggestsseveralmethodsofmeasurementthattake intoaccount,oravoid,thesedifficulties. Basedonknowledgeandexperience,themostsuitablemeasurementtechniquescanbeselectedas describedinthisEuropeanStandard. Inordertoachieveeffectiveandefficientcathodicprotection,measurementsshould

28、beperformedby trained,experiencedandresponsiblepersonnel. Instrumentationusedformeasurementshouldbekeptingoodworkingorderandshouldbesubjected toperiodicalcalibrationandsafetychecks.EN13509:2003(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandarddealswiththecathodicprotectionagainstcorrosionofburiedorimmersed metallics

29、tructures,detailingthemeasuringmethodstobeusedforassessingtheeffectivenessof cathodicprotectionaswellasthemeasurementsandmeasurestakentomonitorcathodicprotection duringoperation. Throughoutthetext,themeasurementtechniquesaredescribedprimarilyforpipelines. However,theyaresufficientlygeneraltoapplytoo

30、therkindsofburiedorimmersed(exceptoffshore) structures. GeneralprincipleswithregardtocathodicprotectionaredescribedinEN12954.Othermeasurement methodsspecifictoparticularcasesaredescribedinotherEuropeanStandardse.g.prEN50162. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedrefer

31、ence,provisionsfromother publications.Thesenormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthe publicationsarelistedhereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofany ofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentor revision.Forundate

32、dreferencesthelatesteditionofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(including amendments). EN12954:2001, CathodicprotectionofburiedorimmersedmetallicstructuresGeneralprinciples andapplicationforpipelines ENISO8044:1999, CorrosionofmetalsandalloysBasictermsanddefinitions(ISO8044:1999) 3 Terms,definitionsand

33、symbols 3.1 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandardthefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply.Forotherterms anddefinitionsrelatedtocorrosionrefertoENISO8044:1999andtocathodicprotectionreferto EN12954:2001. 3.1.1 anodebackfill materialwithalowresistivity,whichmaybemoistureretaining,immedia

34、telysurroundingaburied anodeforthepurposeofdecreasingtheeffectiveresistanceoftheanodetotheelectrolyte 3.1.2 backfill seeanodebackfill 3.1.3 bond metalconductor,usuallyofcopper,connectingtwopointsonthesameorondifferentstructures usuallywiththeintentionofmakingthepointsequipotentialEN13509:2003(E) 6 3

35、1.4 buriedstructure anymetalconstructionbuiltorlaidbeneathgroundlevelorbuiltongroundlevelandthencovered withearth 3.1.5 calomelreferenceelectrode referenceelectrodeconsistingofmercuryandmercurouschlorideinasolutionofpotassiumchloride 3.1.6 cathodicprotectionsystem entireinstallation,includingactive

36、andpassiveelements,thatprovidescathodicprotection 3.1.7 cellcurrent currentflowinginacorrosioncell 3.1.8 coatingdefect deficiencyintheprotectivecoating(e.g.holidays,porosity) 3.1.9 coatingresistanceorstructuretosoilresistance( Rco) electricalresistancebetweenacoatedmetalandtheelectrolyteexpressedino

37、hms.Itisdetermined largelybythesizeandnumberofcoatingdefects,coatingporesandtheelectrolyteresistivity 3.1.10 copper/saturatedcoppersulphatereferenceelectrode referenceelectrodeconsistingofcopperinasaturatedsolutionofcoppersulphate 3.1.11 coupon representativemetalsampleusedtoquantifytheextentofcorro

38、sionortheeffectivenessofapplied cathodicprotection 3.1.12 d.c.tractionsystem electricaltractionsystempoweredbydirectcurrent NOTE Ifthesesystemshavethereturncircuitearthedatmorethanonepointorarenotcompletelyisolated theycangeneratestraycurrents,whichmaycausecorrosiondamage. 3.1.13 d.c.industrialplant

39、 electricalsystem,otherthanatractionsystem,poweredbydirectcurrent NOTE Ifthesesystemsusetheearthasapartofthereturncircuit,theycangeneratestraycurrents,which maycausecorrosiondamage.Cathodicprotectionsystemsusetheearthasapartofthecircuit. 3.1.14 electrolyte liquid,ortheliquidcomponentinamediumsuchass

40、oil,inwhichelectriccurrentflowsbythe movementofions 3.1.15 electrolyteresistivity( r ) thespecificelectricresistanceoftheelectrolyteassumingthattheelectrolyteishomogeneous NOTE Usuallyexpressedin W m.EN13509:2003(E) 7 3.1.16 equalisingcurrents currentsthatflowbetweenareasofdifferentpolarisationafter

41、switchingofftheprotectioncurrent. EqualisingcurrentscanbeasourceoferrorinmeasuringIRfreepotentials 3.1.17 externalpotentialtestprobe installationcomprisingacouponwithanassociatedreferenceelectrodetoprovidestructureto electrolytepotentialmeasuringfacilitiesdevoidofIRdroperrors 3.1.18 foreignanode see

42、ForeignElectrode 3.1.19 foreigncathode seeForeignElectrode 3.1.20 foreignelectrode foreignelectrodeiseitheraforeignanodeoraforeigncathode.Aforeignanodeisametalora conductivematerialincontactwiththestructureunderconsiderationwhichhasamorenegative potentialthanthestructureandaforeigncathodeisametalora

43、conductivematerialincontactwith thestructureunderconsideration,whichhasamorepositivepotentialthanthestructure 3.1.21 foreignstructures anyneighbouringstructureotherthanthestructurethatisunderconsideration 3.1.22 galvanicanode anodethatprovidescathodicprotectioncurrentbymeansofgalvanicaction 3.1.23 h

44、oliday defectinaprotectivecoatingatwhichmetalisexposedtotheenvironment 3.1.24 immersedstructure anymetalconstruction,orpartofaconstructionlaidinaliquidenvironmentsuchasfreshwater (rivers,lakes),brackishwater(estuaries),orseawater 3.1.25 insulatedflange flangedjointbetweenadjacentlengthsofpipeinwhichthenutsandboltsareelectricallyinsulated fromoneorbothoftheflangesandthegasketisnonconducting,sothatthereisanelectrical discontinuityinthepipelineatthatp