1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13719:2016Geosynthetics Determination of the longterm protection efficiency ofgeosynthetics in contact withgeosynthetic barriersBS EN 13719:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13719:2016.It supersedes BS EN 13719:2
2、002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/553, Geosynthetics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contr
3、act. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86755 2ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under
4、 the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 13719:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13719 April 2016 ICS 59.080.70; 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 13719:2002English Version Geosynthe
5、tics - Determination of the long term protection efficiency of geosynthetics in contact with geosynthetic barriers Gosynthtiques - Dtermination de lefficacit de protection long terme des gosynthtiques en contact avec les gomembranes Geokunststoffe - Bestimmung der langfristigen Schutzwirksamkeit von
6、 Geokunststoffen im Kontakt mit geosynthetischen Dichtungsbahnen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 February 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standar
7、d without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
8、other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republ
9、ic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN C
10、OMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13719:2016 EBS EN 1371
11、9:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Principle . 6 5 Apparatus . 6 5.1 Cylinder. 6 5.2 Lower steel plate . 6 5.3 Dense rubber pad 6 5.4 Lead sheet 6 5.5 Simulated standard aggregate 6 5.6 Applied stress . 6 5.7
12、 Timing device . 6 5.8 Deformation measurement . 6 6 Specimen 8 6.1 Sampling . 8 6.2 Number and dimensions of specimens . 8 7 Conditioning 8 8 Procedure. 8 9 Calculation . 9 10 Test report . 9 Annex A (normative) Determination of the deformation characteristics of the lead sheet used for recording l
13、ocal strains 10 A.1 Principle 10 A.2 Apparatus 10 A.3 Specimens . 10 A.4 Procedure 10 A.5 Acceptance criteria 11 A.6 Test report 11 Annex B (informative) Performance Test 12 B.1 Scope . 12 B.2 Definition 12 B.3 Principle 12 B.4 Apparatus 12 B.5 Specimens . 12 B.6 Conditioning . 12 B.7 Procedure 12 B
14、S EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 3 B.8 Calculation. 13 B.9 Test report 14 BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 13719:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be
15、given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document
16、may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13719:2002. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to
17、 implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Ro
18、mania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is an index test used to determine the efficiency with which a geosynthetic product will protect a geosynthetic barrier or other contact surface ag
19、ainst the mechanical long term effects of static point loads. The test is performed on the geosynthetic product in isolation. It measures the strains experienced by a geosynthetic product in contact with a deformable pad. NOTE Other properties relevant to the protection of geosynthetic barriers agai
20、nst differing actions are covered by other standards, e.g. dynamic perforation is covered in EN ISO 13433. A related performance test simulating specific site conditions is described in Annex B (informative). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively refere
21、nced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12588, Lead and lead alloys Rolled lead sheet for building purposes EN I
22、SO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139) EN ISO 9862, Geosynthetics Sampling and preparation of test specimens (ISO 9862) EN ISO 10320, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Identification on site (ISO 10320) ISO 7619-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic D
23、etermination of indentation hardness Part 1: Durometer method (Shore hardness) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 local strain difference between the deformed length (ld) of a straight line between two points on either side of a
24、deformation and the undeformed length (lu) between the same two points divided by the undeformed length (see Figure 1) Key 1 limit of deformation Figure 1 Local strain measurement of a single deformation BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 6 4 Principle Load is applied through a simulated standard agg
25、regate on to the geosynthetic specimen, which is supported on a simulated standard subgrade for a standard time. The local strain in the lower surface of the geosynthetic is measured and used to determine the protection efficiency. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Cylinder A smooth sided steel cylinder having an int
26、ernal diameter between 300 mm and 500 mm. NOTE The cylinder can be in sections bolted together at flanged joints to facilitate setting up and dismantling. 5.2 Lower steel plate 20 mm minimum thickness mild steel plate with a diameter 4 mm less than that of the cylinder with a tolerance of 1 mm to al
27、low it to vertically move freely within the cylinder. The lower steel plate shall be supported in a way that the effective normal stress can be measured to an accuracy of 1 %. 5.3 Dense rubber pad A (25 1) mm thickness rubber pad having a diameter similar to the lower steel plate and a hardness of (
28、50 5) Shore A, determined in accordance with ISO 7619-1. The rubber pad should be checked for hardness on a grid no greater than 20 mm at intervals not exceeding 12 months. If the pad is outside the hardness tolerance at any location or exhibits signs of permanent mechanical damage, it shall not be
29、used. 5.4 Lead sheet A circular lead disc shall be used. It shall have a thickness of (1,3 0,1) mm, grade 3 lead to EN 12588 or similar, with deformation characteristics and thickness in accordance with the requirements of Annex A and with a diameter similar to that of the lower steel plate. Prior t
30、o incorporation in the test the lead disc shall have a flatness such that a gauge of 0,05 mm cannot be inserted between the disc and a straight edge placed across any diameter. 5.5 Simulated standard aggregate 20 mm diameter steel balls to a minimum depth of 150 mm. The balls shall not show any visi
31、ble signs of damage. 5.6 Applied stress Means of constantly applying the required uniform normal stresses to an accuracy of 5 % as registered by the load cells or pressure gauges beneath the lower steel plate over a period of up to 1000 h. 5.7 Timing device Means of timing the duration of the test a
32、ccurate to 1 % of the test duration. 5.8 Deformation measurement Means of measuring the deformed length and undeformed length of a depression in the lead plate. Simultaneous measurement horizontally and vertically to an accuracy of 0,01 mm. If a dial gauge is to be used the tip in contact with the m
33、etal sheet shall have a diameter of (2,0 0,2) mm. BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 7 Key 1 applied load 2 cylinder 3 geotextile separator 4 simulated standard aggregate 5 geosynthetic test specimen 6 lead sheet 7 load cells 8 upper and lower steel plates 9 dense rubber pad 10 sand Figure 2 Test app
34、aratus BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 8 6 Specimen 6.1 Sampling Take samples of the geosynthetic in accordance with EN ISO 9862. 6.2 Number and dimensions of specimens Cut three specimens from the sample each with a circular diameter similar to that of the lower steel plate. If the material is kn
35、own to have different characteristics on each face (e.g. physical characteristics as a result of the manufacturing process) then select the face to be placed uppermost and record in the test report. 7 Conditioning Condition and test the geosynthetic specimens in the standard atmosphere of (20 2) C a
36、nd (65 5) % relative humidity, as defined in EN ISO 139. The specimens can be considered to have been conditioned when the change in mass of the specimen in successive weighings made at intervals of not less than 2 h does not exceed 0,25 % of the mass of the test specimens. Conditioning and/or testi
37、ng in the standard atmosphere may be omitted when it can be shown that results obtained for the same type of product (both structure and polymer type) are not affected by changes in temperature and humidity exceeding the limits. 8 Procedure 8.1 Assemble the apparatus and build up the layers as shown
38、 in Figure 2. The simulated aggregate should be placed en masse on the specimen. Placing the pieces of the simulated aggregate individually is not permitted. 8.2 Gradually apply increasing stress over a maximum period of 1 h up to 300 kN/m2, as registered by the load cells or pressure gauges beneath
39、 the lower steel plate. Start timing and maintain the registered stress at (300 15) kN/m2, recording stress and temperature for (100 1) h, at intervals of (1,0 0,1) h for the first 6 h and then every (24 1) h for the duration of the test, then dismantle the apparatus and carefully recover the geosyn
40、thetic and the lead sheet. 8.3 Examine the geosynthetic and record the number of holes if any through the geosynthetic together with any significant physical damage. 8.4 Examine the lead sheet and select the three deformations with the greatest strains. Do not select any deformation with any part cl
41、oser than 25 mm to the edge of the sheet. For each deformation, select two axes at right angles and on each axis mark the limit of the deformation. Defining the limit of the deformation should be done accurately because the difference between the deformed axis length and the undeformed axis length i
42、s small. Using the deformation measuring device start at one edge of the deformation and work along one of the axes. Determine the vertical displacement correct to 0,01 mm at (3,0 0,20) mm horizontal intervals to the edge of the deformation. The edge of the deformation is defined as the point where
43、two consecutive readings 3 mm apart have a vertical height difference of less than or equal to 0,06 mm. 8.5. Repeat the measuring procedure along the second axis and then repeat the whole measuring procedure on both axes of the remaining two deformations. BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 9 Alternat
44、ively direct local strain measurements may be made using calibrated laser or optical scanning instruments. Deformation measurement should be completed within 24 h of removing the test load. 8.6 Using a new specimen and a new lead sheet repeat steps 8.1 to 8.5, but at a registered stress of 600 kN/m2
45、. 8.7 Using a new specimen and a new lead sheet repeat steps 8.1 to 8.5, but at a registered stress of 1 200 kN/m2. 9 Calculation 9.1 From the measurements determined in 8.4 and 8.5 calculate the undeformed length lu(which may be a slope length if the edges of the deformation at opposite ends of an
46、axis are at differing levels) and the deformed length ldusing a series of Pythagorean calculations. 9.2 For each axis calculate (to 0,01) the local strain, as defined in 3.1, i.e. (ld- lu)/lu NOTE This can be determined directly from the scanning device. 9.3 Calculate the arithmetic mean of the six
47、local strains (two from each depression) determined for each lead plate. 10 Test report The test report shall include at least the following information: a) number and date of this standard, EN 13719:2016; b) identification of the sample tested according to EN ISO 10320; c) date of receipt; d) condi
48、tioning atmosphere for each of the specimens; note of the side of the geosynthetic tested if the two sides of the sample were different; e) confirmation that the lead sheet deformation characteristics comply with the requirements of Annex A; f) date of commencing each test and temperature record ove
49、r test periods; g) any significant physical damage to the geosynthetic; h) the six individual strain values and the mean at each normal pressure; i) any deviations from the procedure. BS EN 13719:2016EN 13719:2016 (E) 10 Annex A (normative) Determination of the deformation characteristics of the lead sheet used for recording local strains A.1 Principle Load is applied through a spherical steel ball on to a sample of the lead sheet supported on a rubber pad as used in the main test. The depth of the indentation produced is m
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