BS EN 13725-2003 Air quality - Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometry《空气质量 用动态气味测定法测定气味浓度》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13725:2003Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1Air quality Determination of odour concentration by dynamic olfactometryThe European Standard EN 13725:2003 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.040.99g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44

2、g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 13725:2003This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 May 2003 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 41884 7National forewordThi

3、s British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13725:2003, including Corrigendum January 2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/1, Stationary source emissions, which has the responsibility to: A lis

4、t of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standa

5、rds Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard do

6、es not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developm

7、ents and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 70, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued s

8、ince publicationAmd. No. Date Comments16253 Corrigendum No. 128 April 2006 Replacement of Tables D.1 and E.1, and Equations 36 and 43EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13725April 2003ICS 13.040.99English versionAir quality - Determination of odour concentration by dynamicolfactometryQ

9、ualit de lair - Dtermination de la concentration duneodeur par olfactomtrie dynamiqueLuftbeschaffenheit - Bestimmung derGeruchsstoffkonzentration mit dynamischer OlfaktometrieThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 December 2002.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal R

10、egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This Eur

11、opean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national

12、 standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISA

13、TIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13725:2003 EIncluding Corrigendum January 2006EN 13725:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword3Introd

14、uction .41 Scope 42 Normative references 53 Terms, definitions and symbols.54 Principle of measurement.195 Performance quality requirements.196 Materials, gases and panel members 277 Sampling.358 Presentation of odorants to assessors .389 Data recording, calculation and reporting 40Annex A (normativ

15、e) Working conditions and working platform for sampling.46Annex B (informative) Physiological principles47Annex C (informative) Example of calculation of instrumental accuracy and instability.51Annex D (informative) Example of calculation of odour measurements within one laboratory 53Annex E (inform

16、ative) Example of calculations for panel selection .55Annex F (informative) Example of the calculation of the odour concentration from a set of panelmember responses 56Annex G (informative) Example of the calculation used to determine the number of odourconcentration measurements required to achieve

17、 a defined precision 60Annex H (informative) Example of the calculation used to determine the number of odourconcentration measurements required to detect a difference between two means.62Annex I (informative) Example of the calculation of the odour flow rate (standard conditions) for a wetemission6

18、5Annex J (informative) Sampling strategy.66Bibliography 70EN 13725:2003 (E)3ForewordThis document (EN 13725:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality“, thesecretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either

19、by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by October 2003, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby October 2003.Annex A is normative. Annexes B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J are informative.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the na

20、tional standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland

21、and the United Kingdom.EN 13725:2003 (E)4IntroductionThis European Standard and its quality criteria were validated in an Interlaboratory Comparison for Olfactometry(ICO) in 1996, that was funded by the participating laboratories.Sampling aspects are included in the structure of this Standard, altho

22、ugh further research is necessary to completethis issue. Due to lack of financial support, no progress has been made on this point. Improvements in samplingmay be the subject of a future revision of this European Standard.1 ScopeThis European Standard specifies a method for the objective determinati

23、on of the odour concentration of agaseous sample using dynamic olfactometry with human assessors and the emission rate of odours emanatingfrom point sources, area sources with outward flow and area sources without outward flow. The primary applicationis to provide a common basis for evaluation of od

24、our emissions in the member states of the European Union.This European Standard is applicable to the measurement of odour concentration of pure substances, definedmixtures and undefined mixtures of gaseous odorants in air or nitrogen, using dynamic olfactometry with a panel ofhuman assessors being t

25、he sensor. The unit of measurement is the European odour unit per cubic metre: ouE/m3.The odour concentration is measured by determining the dilution factor required to reach the detection threshold.The odour concentration at the detection threshold is by definition 1 ouE/m3. The odour concentration

26、 is thenexpressed in terms of multiples of the detection threshold. The range of measurement is typically from 101ouE/m3to 107ouE/m3(including pre-dilution).The field of application of this European Standard includes:the measurement of the mass concentration at the detection threshold of pure odorou

27、s substances in g/m3;the measurement of the odour concentration of mixtures of odorants in ouE/m3;the measurement of the emission rate of odorous emissions from point sources and surface sources (with andwithout an outward flow), including pre-dilution during sampling;the sampling of odorants from e

28、missions of high humidity and temperature (up to 200 C);the determination of effectiveness of end-of-pipe devices used to reduce odour emissions.The characterisation of odour emissions requires detailed measurement of the gas velocity, that shall be performedaccording to the relevant standards inclu

29、ded in the normative references.This European Standard is not applicable to:the measurement of odours potentially released by particles of odorous solids or droplets of odorous fluidssuspended in emissions;the measuring strategy to be applied in case of variable emission rates;the measurement of the

30、 relationship between odour stimulus and assessor response above detectionthreshold;direct measurement of hedonic tone (or (un)pleasantness) or direct assessment of potential annoyance;field panel methods;measurement of recognition thresholds;EN 13725:2003 (E)5measurement of identification threshold

31、s.Although the ultimate application of odour measurement is in reducing odour nuisance, the relation betweenmeasured thresholds of odour according to this standard and the occurrence of odour nuisance is highly complex.It is profoundly influenced by the atmospheric processes determining the dispersi

32、on of odours, the quality of theodour (hedonic tone) and finally by the receptor characteristics of those exposed to the odour. Thesecharacteristics not only vary strongly between individuals, but also in time within one individual. The relationbetween emissions, dispersion, exposure and annoyance i

33、s not within the scope of this European Standard.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated

34、 references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).ISO 10780, Stationary source em

35、issions - Measurement of velocity and volume flowrate of gas streams inducts.3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1.1accepted reference valuevalue that serves as an agreed upon reference for c

36、omparison, and which is derived as a consensus or certifiedvalue, based on collaborative experimental work under the auspices of a scientific or engineering group (derivedfrom ISO 5725-1)3.1.2accuracycloseness of agreement between test result and the accepted reference valueISO 5725-1NOTE The term a

37、ccuracy, when applied to a set of test results, involves a combination of random components and acommon systematic error or bias component.3.1.3(sensory) adaptationtemporary modification of the sensitivity of a sense organ due to continued and/or repeated stimulationISO 54923.1.4anosmialack of sensi

38、tivity to olfactory stimuliISO 54923.1.5assessorsomebody who participates in odour testingEN 13725:2003 (E)63.1.6biasdifference between the expectation of the test results and an accepted reference valueISO 5725-1NOTE Bias is often called systematic error.3.1.7certified reference material, CRMrefere

39、nce material of which one or more property values are certified by a technically valid procedure accompaniedby or traceable to a certificate or other documentation which is issued by a certifying bodyISO 5725-43.1.8decision limitoutput signal value above which it can be affirmed, with a probability

40、of 1 - a of at least 95 %, that the measuredsample is different from a zero sampleNOTE A zero sample has 5 % probability of causing an output signal above the decision limit (derived fromISO 6879).3.1.9delayed olfactometrymeasurement of an odour with a time-lag between sampling and measurement. The

41、odour sample is preserved inan appropriate container3.1.10detection threshold (for a reference material)odorant concentration which has a probability of 0,5 of being detected under the conditions of the test3.1.11detection threshold (for an environmental sample)dilution factor at which the sample ha

42、s a probability of 0,5 of being detected under the conditions of the test3.1.12diffuse sourcessources with defined dimensions (mostly surface sources) which do not have a defined waste air flow, such aswaste dumps, lagoons, fields after manure spreading, un-aerated compost piles3.1.13dilution factor

43、dilution factor is the ratio between flow or volume after dilution and the flow or volume of the odorous gas3.1.14dilution seriespresentation of a sequence of dilutions to one panel member in order to obtain one Individual Threshold Estimate(see Figure 1)NOTE One dilution series can consist of:One s

44、eries of presentations, at odour concentrations in ascending or random order, where, when sorted in order of descendingconcentrations, a significant change from consistently TRUE responses to a FALSE response occurs (see also Figure 1).3.1.15direct olfactometrymeasurement of odour concentrations wit

45、hout any time-lag between the sampling (operation) and themeasurements; equivalent to dynamic sampling or on-line olfactometryEN 13725:2003 (E)73.1.16dynamic olfactometerdynamic olfactometer delivers a flow of mixtures of odorous and neutral gas with known dilution factors in acommon outlet3.1.17dyn

46、amic olfactometryolfactometry using a dynamic olfactometer3.1.18dynamic dilutiondilution achieved by mixing two known flows of gas, odorous sample and neutral gas, respectively. The rate ofdilution is calculated from the flow rates3.1.19European Odour unitthat amount of odorant(s) that, when evapora

47、ted into 1 cubic metre of neutral gas at standard conditions, elicits aphysiological response from a panel (detection threshold) equivalent to that elicited by one European ReferenceOdour Mass (EROM), evaporated in one cubic metre of neutral gas at standard conditions3.1.20European Reference Odour M

48、ass , EROMaccepted reference value for the European odour unit, equal to a defined mass of a certified reference material.One EROM is equivalent to 123 m g n-butanol (CAS-Nr. 71-36-3). Evaporated in 1 cubic metre of neutral gas thisproduces a concentration of 0,040 m mol/mol3.1.21expanded uncertaint

49、yquantity defining an interval about the result of a measurement that may be expected to encompass a large fractionof the distribution of values that could reasonably be attributed to the measurandENV 130053.1.22expected valuevalue approached by the average value with an increasing number of measurement values3.1.23forced choice methodfor this standard the following definition applies: An olfactometric method in which assessors are forced to make achoice out of two or more air flows, one of which is the diluted sample, even if no difference is obse