1、BS EN 13753:2009ICS 13.060.20; 71.100.80NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDProducts used fortreatment of waterintended for humanconsumption Granular activatedaluminaThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and Str
2、ategyCommittee on 30 June2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 63244 0Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 13753:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13753:2009. Itsupersedes BS EN 13753:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its prepa
3、ration was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for
4、 its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 13753:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13753March 2009ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 13753:2002 English VersionProducts used for treatment of water intended for humanconsu
5、mption - Granular activated aluminaProduits utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine laconsommation humaine - Alumine active en grainsProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr denmenchlichen Gebrauch - Granuliertes aktiviertesAluminiumoxidThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 February 2009
6、.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on ap
7、plication to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre
8、has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Por
9、tugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means res
10、ervedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13753:2009: EBS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 5 4 Description . 5 4.1 Identification . 5 4.2 Commercial form . 6 5 Physical propertie
11、s 6 5.1 Appearance 6 5.2 Particle size distribution . 6 5.3 Bulk density packed 6 6 Chemical properties 6 7 Specific properties. 7 8 Test methods 7 8.1 Sampling . 7 8.2 Analysis 7 9 Labelling, transportation and storage . 7 9.1 Means of delivery . 7 9.2 Risk and safety labelling according to the EU
12、Directives 7 9.3 Transportation regulations and labelling 7 9.4 Marking . 8 9.5 Storage 8 Annex A (informative) General information on granular activated alumina . 9 Bibliography 12 BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13753:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CE
13、N/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the lat
14、est by September 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13753:2002. Differences between thi
15、s edition and EN 13753:2002 are editorial to harmonize the text with other standards in this series. Annex A is informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belg
16、ium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13753:2009EN
17、 13753:2009 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption caused by the product covered by this standard: a) this standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States
18、 of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval
19、 of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to granular activated alumina used for
20、 treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of granular activated alumina and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for granular activated alumina. It gives information on its use in water treatment. 2 Normative references The followin
21、g referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12901:1999, Products used for treatment of water intended
22、for human consumption Inorganic supporting and filtering materials Definitions EN 12902, Products used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Inorganic supporting and filtering materials - Methods of test ISO 9277, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption
23、 using the BET method 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and symbols given in EN 12901:1999 and the following apply. 3.1 activated alumina virgin alumina that has not been used and has not been regenerated 4 Description 4.1 Identification 4.1.1
24、 Chemical name Aluminium oxide (partially hydroxylated). 4.1.2 Synonym or common names Transition alumina; gamma alumina; alumina; aluminium oxide; activated alumina. 4.1.3 Chemical formula Al2O(3-x)(OH)2xx varies from approximately 0 to 0,80. 4.1.4 CAS Registry number 1)1344-28-1. 1) Chemical Abstr
25、acts Service Registry Number. BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 6 4.1.5 EINECS reference 2)215-691-6. 4.2 Commercial form Activated alumina recommended for use in drinking water treatment is a granular product consisting of irregularly shaped (non-moulded) particles; the product is available in diff
26、erent particle sizes. 5 Physical properties 5.1 Appearance The product consists of white particles of irregular shape. The product shall be generally homogeneous and shall be visibly free of extraneous matter. 5.2 Particle size distribution The particle size distribution shall be described by either
27、: a) effective size (d10) with a limit deviation of 5 %; uniformity coefficient (U) less than 1,5; minimum size (d1) with a limit deviation of 5 %; NOTE 1 The particle size can decrease during transportation and handling. b) or by particle size range and agreed mass of oversize and undersize particl
28、es; see A.2.2.1. The proportion of oversize plus undersize particles shall not exceed a mass fraction of 15 % and not more than a mass fraction of 5 % shall be undersized. NOTE 2 Other values can be necessary for certain applications. 5.3 Bulk density packed The bulk density (packed) shall be greate
29、r than 600 kg/m3.6 Chemical properties NOTE 1 After filling, washing and commissioning of a filter system producing drinking water, activated alumina should not increase the concentrations of chemical parameters above the regulated values (see 1). NOTE 2 Water extractable substances, determined in a
30、ccordance with the method for granular materials given in EN 12902, can be used to estimate the leaching of the chemicals specified in EN 12902. NOTE 3 Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended
31、for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, contents of other impurities and additives used in the products not stated in the product standard. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 7 7 Specific properties The surface ar
32、ea shall not be less than 200 m2/g. 8 Test methods 8.1 Sampling Prepare the laboratory sample(s) required by the relevant procedures described in EN 12902. 8.2 Analysis 8.2.1 Particle size distribution The particle size distribution shall be determined on samples taken at the point of manufacture us
33、ing the method of test given in EN 12902. 8.2.2 Bulk density packed The bulk density packed shall be determined in accordance with EN 12902. 8.2.3 Surface area The surface area shall be determined by the BET method, degassing at a maximum of 200 C, in accordance with ISO 9277. 9 Labelling, transport
34、ation and storage 9.1 Means of delivery Granular activated alumina shall be delivered in bulk (dry or wet product), in semi-bulk containers or in drums of cardboard, plastics or steel or suitable bags of various sizes. In order that the purity of the product is not affected, the means of delivery sh
35、all not have been used previously for any different product or it shall have been specially cleaned and prepared before use. 9.2 Risk and safety labelling according to the EU Directives 3)At the date of publication of this European Standard, activated alumina was not listed as a dangerous substance.
36、 NOTE Annex I of the Directive 67/548/EEC on Classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances and its amendments and adaptations in the European Union contains a list of substances classified by the EU. Substances not in this Annex I should be classified on the basis of their intrinsi
37、c properties according to the criteria in the Directive by the person responsible for the marketing of the substance. 9.3 Transportation regulations and labelling At the date of publication of this European Standard, activated alumina was not classified as dangerous for transportation by road, rail,
38、 sea or air. Activated alumina is not listed under a UN number 4). 3) See 2. 4) United Nations number. BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 8 9.4 Marking The marking shall include the following: the name “Activated Alumina”, trade name and grade; the net mass; the name and the address of the supplier a
39、nd/or manufacturer; the statement “this product conforms to EN 13753“. 9.5 Storage 9.5.1 Long term chemical stability The product is stable but hygroscopic. It can be stored for at least two years if kept dry and sealed from the atmosphere. 9.5.2 Storage incompatibilities Keep away from moisture, st
40、rong acids or strong alkalis, solvents and odorous products. BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009 (E) 9 Annex A (informative) General information on granular activated alumina A.1 Origin A.1.1 Raw materials Granular activated alumina is produced from aluminium hydroxide. A.1.2 Manufacturing process Activat
41、ed alumina is prepared by the calcination of aluminium hydroxide. Granular activated alumina can be prepared by granulation of activated alumina powder or calcination of aluminium hydroxide granules. A.2 Typical properties A.2.1 Chemical composition Activated alumina is a partially calcined aluminiu
42、m trihydroxide with a combined water content of between a mass fraction of 5 % and a mass fraction of 6 %. The crystal structure is predominantly gamma or chi alumina; small amounts of other forms can be present. The crystal structure can be determined by X-ray diffraction. The chemical composition
43、depends on the origin of the raw material. Typical maximum limits are given in Table A.1, the remainder being Al2O3. Table A.1 Chemical composition of activated alumina Parameter Limit as a mass fraction of the product (typical) in % Water (loss on ignition) 5,5 to 6 Na2O 0,5 Fe2O30,015 SiO20,02 TiO
44、20,002 A.2.2 Physical properties A.2.2.1 Particle size range Examples of particle size ranges include 1,4 mm to 2,0 mm and 2,0 mm to 4,74 mm. A.2.2.2 Density The absolute density of activated alumina is 3,2 g/cm3; the bulk density can vary with the particle size range. BS EN 13753:2009EN 13753:2009
45、(E) 10 A.2.2.3 Adsorption properties Granular activated alumina removes contaminants from water by adsorption. A number of indices are used as surrogates for or measures of the adsorptive capacity of granular activated alumina under specific conditions, including specific surface area (BET isotherm)
46、. Specifications for such properties can be the subject of agreement between the customer and the manufacturer/supplier and the latter should make the test methods available, if requested. A.3 Hydraulic characteristics A.3.1 Head loss in filtration Head loss depends on size, shape and roughness of p
47、articles, filtration rate, filter bed depth, packing characteristics and water temperature. A.3.2 Expansion during up-flow washing The bed expansion depends on flow rate, effective size, density and shape of particles, and water temperature. A.4 Use A.4.1 Function The primary function of granular ac
48、tivated alumina is as an adsorbent for the removal of inorganic ions; particularly fluoride, arsenate, chromate and polar organic contaminants. If granular activated alumina is used as a filter medium for removal of suspended solids, specific tests related to the performance of filter media might ne
49、ed to be carried out. Activated alumina is also used as a carrier for catalysts. A.4.2 Treatment dose The capacity of granular activated alumina (X) is usually expressed as mass of impurity removed by mass of alumina. The effective dose (E) (in grams per litre) of granular activated alumina can be calculated from the following equation: XCE = (A.1) where C is the concentration of impurities, in milligrams per litre; X is the capacity, in milligrams per gram. Both contact time and bed life depend on water quality and treatment objectives. BS
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