BS EN 13758-1-2002 Textiles - Solar UV protective properties - Method of test for apparel fabrics《纺织品 太阳紫外线防护特性 外衣用织物试验方法》.pdf

1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58fabricsThe European Standard EN 13758-1:2001, incorporating amendment A1:2006, has the status of a

2、British StandardICS 59.080.30; 61.020Textiles Solar UV protective properties Part 1: Method of test for apparel BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13758-1:2002Incorporating amendment no. 1 and corrigendum no. 1BS EN 13758-1:2002This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and S

3、trategy Committee on 28 January 2002 BSI 2007ISBN 0 580 38967 7Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments13962 Corrigendum No. 118 June 2002 Correction of clause numbering for Clauses 8 and 917118 31 May 2007 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2006Compliance with a British Standard ca

4、nnot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13758-1:2001, incorporating amendment A1:2006. It supersedes BS 7914:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/66, Apparel.

5、A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13758-1:20

6、01+A1 December 2006 ICS 59.080.30; 61.020 Supersedes EN 13758-1:2001English Version Textiles - Solar UV protective properties - Part 1: Method of test for apparel fabrics Textiles - Proprits de protection contre le rayonnement UV solaire - Partie 1: Mthode dessai pour toffes destines lhabillement Te

7、xtilien - Schutzeigenschaften gegen ultraviolette Sonnenstrahlung - Teil 1: Prfverfahren fr Bekleidungstextilien This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 October 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 23 November 2006. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Re

8、gulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This

9、 European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the

10、 national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Unite

11、d Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13758-1:200

12、1+A1:2006: EEN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006 (E) 2 Foreword This European Standard (EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, “Textiles and textile products“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard,

13、either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2007. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2006-11-23. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendme

14、nt is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This standard includes a normative annex A and informative annexes B and C. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyp

15、rus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006 (E) 3 1 Scope Th

16、is European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the erythemally weighted ultraviolet (UV) radiation transmittance of standard conditioned apparel fabrics to assess their solar UV protective properties. This method is not suitable for fabrics which offer protection at a distance such

17、 as umbrellas, shade structures or artificial sources. NOTE This standard may not be appropriate for fabrics with small colour and construction variations. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative re

18、ferences are cited at the appropriate place in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references t

19、he latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 20139:1992, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139:1973). 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.

20、1 wavelength () spatial period of radiation expressed in nanometres 3.1.2 ultraviolet radiation (UVR) electromagnetic radiation with wavelength between 180 and 400 nm UV-A: ultraviolet radiation with wavelength between 315 and 400 nm UV-B: ultraviolet radiation with wavelength between 280 and 315 nm

21、 3.1.3 solar irradiance (E() quantity of energy emitted by the sun received at the surface of the earth per unit wavelength and per unit area. It is expressed as W m-2nm-1. The solar UVR spectrum as measured at the earths surface extends between 290 nm and 400 nm 3.1.4 erythema reddening of the skin

22、 caused by various physical or chemical agents 3.1.5 erythema action spectrum () relative erythemal effectiveness of radiation with wavelength EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006 (E) 4 3.1.6 spectral transmittance T() ratio of transmitted radiation and incident radiation at a wavelength 3.1.7 integrating sphere

23、 hollow sphere whose internal surface is a non-selective diffuse reflector 3.1.8 fluorescence absorption of radiation of a particular wavelength and its re-emission within a short time as optical radiation of greater wavelength 3.1.9 spectral bandwidth width in nanometres at half peak intensity of o

24、ptical radiation emerging from a monochromator 3.1.10 sample recess error error introduced when the sample is recessed from the port of the integrating sphere (e.g. by using a filter between the port and the sample). In this case part of the diffused transmitted radiation is intercepted and will not

25、 enter the sphere. The sample recess error depends on sample construction, distance of sample from port and ratio of port and illumination patch dimensions 3.1.11 shade particular hue, depth or lightness of colour 3.1.12 construction set of parameters such as materials, interlacing, pattern, which d

26、escribe the fabric 3.1.13 Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) expression of the level of protection as attained by the method described in this standard 4 Principle The UPF of a textile material is determined from the total spectral transmittance )(T as follows: = )()()(290400)()(290400TEEUPF with:

27、)(E : the solar irradiance (see annex A); )( : the erythema action spectrum (see annex A); : the wavelength interval of the measurements; T(): the spectral transmittance at wavelength . EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006 (E) 5 The total spectral transmittance is measured by irradiating the sample with monochro

28、matic or polychromatic UV radiation and collecting the total (diffuse and direct) transmitted radiation. In the case of polychromatic incident radiation, the transmitted radiation is collected monochromatically. The apparatus shall either irradiate the sample with a parallel beam and collect all tra

29、nsmitted radiation with an integrating sphere or irradiate the sample hemispherically and collect a parallel beam of transmitted radiation. 5 Apparatus The measurement device consists of the following: 5.1 A UV source, providing UV radiation throughout the wavelength range 290 nm to 400 nm. Suitable

30、 UV sources include Xenon arc lamps, Deuterium lamps and Solar simulators. 5.2 An integrating sphere, having total openings representing not more than 10 % of the internal spherical surface. The internal surface shall be lined with a highly reflective matt surface, e.g. barium sulphate paint. It sha

31、ll be fitted with baffles to shield the inner detector or the inner source from the specimen port and, if applicable, the sphere wall where the incident flux is measured. 5.3 A monochromator, suited for measurements with a spectral bandwidth of 5 nm or less in the wavelength region 290 nm to 400 nm.

32、 5.4 UV transmitting filter, which transmits significantly only at wavelengths less than approximately 400 nm and which does not fluoresce. 5.5 A specimen holder to hold a specimen in a flat, tensionless or in a predefined stretched state. This device shall not obstruct the entrance port of the inte

33、grating sphere and shall ideally position the fabric in the plane of the integrating sphere port. In the case where a parallel incident beam is used, the surface of the beam should be at least 25 mm2and should cover at least 3 times the repeat fabric construction. Moreover, in the case of a monochro

34、matic incident beam and for reducing the sample recess error, the ratio of the smallest dimension of the port of the integrating sphere to the largest dimension of the illumination patch shall also be larger than 1,5. The beam should be normal to the fabric to within 5 degrees. The angular divergenc

35、e of the beam should be less then 5 degrees about the beam axis. These conditions should apply to the collected beam if diffuse illumination is used. A suitable UV transmitting filter shall be positioned between the sample and the detector if the instrument monochromates before the sample. When this

36、 is not practical the filter shall be placed at the specimen port between the specimen and the sphere. The thickness of the UV transmitting filter shall be between 1 mm and 3 mm. 6 Preparation and conditioning of test specimens 6.1 Preparation For uniform materials, at least 4 specimens shall be pre

37、pared. These specimens shall be as widely spaced as possible across the fabric width. The first 5 cm from each selvedge shall be discarded and samples shall not be taken closer than 1 m from the beginning or the end of the fabric piece. For materials with areas of various shades and/or construction

38、at least two specimens of each colour and of each texture area shall be tested. The specimen dimensions shall be sufficient to cover the specimen aperture of the instrument. EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006 (E) 6 6.2 Conditions for testing The conditioning and testing shall be done in accordance with EN 2013

39、9:1992. If the testing instrument is not cited in these standard atmospheric conditions transportation and testing of the conditioned test specimen shall be finished within 10 min. 7 Procedure 7.1 Place the specimen to be tested before the entrance port of the integrating sphere such that the face o

40、f the fabric intended to be worn away from the skin is exposed to the UV source. 7.2 In instruments that monochromate before the sample, check for fluorescence. If a fluorescent agent is present use a UV transmitting filter and verify its effectiveness. 7.3 Record the transmittance between 290 nm an

41、d 400 nm and record the data at least every 5 nm. 8 Calculation and expression of the results 8.1 General Calculate the arithmetic mean of the UVA transmittance (UVAi) for each specimen i as follows: =400315ii)(1TmUVA Calculate the arithmetic mean of the UVB transmittance (UVBi) for each specimen i

42、as follows: =315290ii)(1TkUVB where Ti() is the spectral transmittance of specimen i at wavelength .; m and k are the number of measurement points between 315 nm and 400 nm and between 290 nm and 315 nm respectively. These definitions are applicable only when the wavelength interval, , is fixed, e.g

43、. 5 nm, during the measurements. Calculate the Ultraviolet Protection Factor for each specimen i as follows: =400290i400290i)()()()(TEEUPF where: E () = solar spectral irradiance in W m-2 nm-1. (See Table 1 - annex A) () = relative erythemal effectiveness (see Table 2 - annex A) EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2

44、006 (E) 7 T() = spectral transmittance of specimen i at wavelength = wavelength step in nm 8.1.1 Uniform sample In the case of a uniform sample, calculate the mean UPF of the sample as follows: =nii11UPFnUPFaverage! In the case of a uniform sample, calculate the mean UVA of the sample as follows: UV

45、Aaverage= =niUVAn11i In the case of a uniform sample, calculate the mean UVB of the sample as follows: UVBaverage= =niUVBn11i “ The standard deviation (s) of the mean SPF is given as follows: 1)(12averagei=nUPFUPFsniwith n the number of specimens. The sample UPF is given as: nstUPF1n/2,averageUPF= w

46、ith tn /,2 1as specified in Table 1: Table 1 Determination of tn /,2 1for = 0,05 number of specimen n-1 t/2,n-14 3 3,18 5 4 2,77 6 5 2,57 7 6 2,44 8 7 2,36 9 8 2,30 10 9 2,26 EN 13758-1:2001+A1:2006 (E) 8 When UPF is less than the lowest positive UPF measured for a particular specimen, then the UPF

47、of that specimen shall be reported. When the sample UPF is greater than 50, only “UPF50“ need be reported. 8.1.2 !Non-uniform sample For materials with areas of various shades and/or construction the lowest positive UPF value measured shall be reported as the sample UPF. When the sample UPF is large

48、r than 50 only “UPF50“ shall be reported. The highest UVAi value measured shall be reported as the sample UVA.“ 8.1.3 Non-uniform sample either in shade and/or construction For materials with areas of various shades and/or construction the lowest positive UPF value measured shall be reported as the

49、sample UPF. When the sample UPF is larger than 50 only “UPF50“ need be reported. 8.2 Accuracy of measurements The repeatability and reproducibility standard deviation, srand sR, has been determined by means of an interlaboratory trial using 14 materials tested in 8 laboratories. The UPFaveragerange of the samples was between 10 and 65. Statistical analysis based on ISO 5725:1994 showed that the repeatability standard