BS EN 13781-2012 Protective helmets for drivers and passengers of snowmobiles and bobsleighs《摩托雪橇和大雪橇的驾驶员和乘客用防护帽》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13781:2012Protective helmets fordrivers and passengers ofsnowmobiles and bobsleighsBS EN 13781:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK impleme

2、ntation of EN 13781:2012. It supersedes BS EN 13781:2002, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PH/6/6, Protective helmets for sport and leisure.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

3、.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75030 4 ICS 13.340.20; 97.220.20 Compliance with a British Standard

4、 cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 13781:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM E

5、N 13781 February 2012 ICS 13.340.20 Supersedes EN 13781:2001English Version Protective helmets for drivers and passengers of snowmobiles and bobsleighs Casques de protection pour conducteurs et passagers de motoneiges et bobsleighs Schutzhelme fr Fahrer und Mitfahrer von Schneemobilen und Bobs This

6、European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 December 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referen

7、ces concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN m

8、ember into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icela

9、nd, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre:

10、 Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13781:2012: EBS EN 13781:2012EN 13781:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Scope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definition

11、s .64 Requirements .84.1 Construction .84.2 Compatibility with additional devices94.3 Protected area 94.4 Retention system .94.5 Materials .94.6 Field of vision 104.7 Face shields 104.8 Face-shields and eye protectors . 104.9 Energy absorption efficiency 104.10 Mass . 104.11 Conspicuity marking (opt

12、ional) . 104.11.1 General . 104.11.2 Geometry . 114.11.3 Colorimetric test . 114.11.4 Photometric test 114.12 Noise (optional) . 115 Testing . 125.1 General inspection 125.2 Sampling and use of samples . 125.3 Types of conditioning 125.3.1 Solvent conditioning 125.3.2 Ambient temperature and hygrome

13、try conditioning . 125.3.3 Low temperature conditioning 125.3.4 Ultraviolet radiation conditioning . 135.4 Impact absorption test . 135.4.1 Description of test 135.4.2 Apparatus (see Figure 5) 145.4.3 Headforms . 155.4.4 Selection of points of impact . 155.5 Dynamic test of the retention system . 16

14、5.6 Retention test 165.7 Noise (optional) . 176 Marking 177 Information supplied by the manufacturer 177.1 Label . 177.2 Instructions for use 17Annex A (normative) Test results Uncertainty of measurement 25Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and EN 1378

15、1:2001 . 26BS EN 13781:2012EN 13781:2012 (E) 3 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC Personal Protective Equipment . 27Bibliography 28BS EN 13781:2012EN 13781:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13781:2012) has

16、been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 158 “Head protection”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2012, and conflicting national st

17、andards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1

18、3781:2001. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this docum

19、ent. Annex B provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,

20、Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN

21、13781:2012EN 13781:2012 (E) 5 Introduction The intention of helmets is to reduce the risk of injury to the skull and part of the head surrounded by the helmet. The protection given by a helmet depends on the circumstances of the accident and wearing a helmet cannot always prevent death or long-term

22、disability. A proportion of the energy of an impact is absorbed by the helmet, thereby reducing the force of the blow sustained by the head. The structure of the helmet may be damaged in absorbing this energy and any helmet that sustains a severe blow should be replaced even if damage is not apparen

23、t. To achieve the performance of which it is capable, and to ensure stability on the head, a helmet should be as closely fitting as possible consistent with comfort. In use it is essential that the helmet is securely fastened, with any chin strap under proper tension at all times. BS EN 13781:2012EN

24、 13781:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for protective helmets for drivers and passengers of snowmobiles and bobsleighs. Additional requirements for eye protectors and face shields are specified in EN 13178. 2 Normative references The following docume

25、nts, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 352-1, Hearing protector

26、s General requirements Part 1: Ear muffs EN 960:2006, Headforms for use in the testing of protective helmets EN 13087-6:2012, Protective helmets Test methods Part 6: Field of vision EN 13178, Personal eye-protection Eye protectors for snowmobile users ISO 6487, Road vehicles Measurement techniques i

27、n impact tests Instrumentation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 protective helmet for user of snowmobile and of bobsleigh (abbreviated to “helmet“ below) helmet primarily intended to protect the wearers head against impact, whi

28、ch may provide additional protection such as protection against cold and noise 3.2 shell hard part of the helmet that gives it its general shape 3.3 protective padding material used to absorb impact energy 3.4 comfort padding material provided for the wearers comfort 3.5 retention system complete as

29、sembly by means of which the helmet is maintained in position on the head, including any devices for adjustment of the system or to enhance the wearers comfort 3.6 chin strap part of the retention system consisting of a strap that passes under the wearers jaws to keep the helmet in position BS EN 13

30、781:2012EN 13781:2012 (E) 7 3.7 chin cup accessory of the chin strap that fits round the point of the wearers chin 3.8 peak extension of the shell above the eyes 3.9 lower face cover detachable part of the helmet covering the lower part of the face 3.10 chin guard integral part of the helmet coverin

31、g the lower part of the face and designed to protect against impact 3.11 neck curtain part of the helmet attached to the lower edge designed to protect against adverse weather conditions, dirt and small stones 3.12 visor transparent protective screen integral with the helmet extending over the eyes

32、and covering part of the face 3.13 eye protectors tansparent protectors that enclose and cover the eyes 3.14 face shield protective device extending over the eyes and covering part of the face 3.15 basic plane of the human head plane at the level of the opening of the external auditory mastus (exter

33、nal ear opening) and the lower edge of the orbits (lower edge of the eye sockets) 3.16 basic plane of the headform plane which corresponds to the basic plane of the human head 3.17 reference plane construction plane parallel to the headform at a distance from it which is a function of the size of th

34、e headforms 3.18 central vertical axis line relative to a human head or headform or helmet that lies in the plane of symmetry, and that is normal to the basic plane at a point equidistant from the front and back of the headform or (for helmets) of headform that simulates the head that the helmet is

35、intended to fit 3.19 longitudinal vertical median plane vertical plane of symmetry of a human head or headform or of a helmet as it is intended to be worn on the head BS EN 13781:2012EN 13781:2012 (E) 8 Equivalent to EN 960:2006, 2.8 “vertical longitudinal plane”. 3.20 central transverse vertical me

36、dian plane plane at right angles to the longitudinal vertical median plane and passing through the central vertical axis Equivalent to EN 960:2006, 2.9 “vertical transverse plane”. 3.21 size (of a helmet) size of a reference headform defined in EN 960:2006 3.22 protective helmet type category of pro

37、tective helmets which do not differ in such essential respects as the trade name or mark, or the materials or dimensions of the shell, of the retention system or of the protective padding Note 1 to entry: A protective helmet type may include a range of helmet sizes, provided that the thickness of th

38、e protective padding in each size in the range is at least equal to that in the protective helmet which when subjected to the tests satisfied the requirements of this European Standard. 3.23 snowmobile off-road vehicle moved on the snow by a track driven by a gasoline engine and which is steered by

39、turning front skies 3.24 bobsleigh sports equipment without any inside or outside driving power, for using in downhill gliding in ice channels 4 Requirements 4.1 Construction 4.1.1 The basic construction of the helmet shall be in the form of a shell, containing means of absorbing impact energy, and

40、a retention system. The helmet usually has also connection systems for accessories. 4.1.2 The helmet may be fitted with accessories such as a communication system, hearing protectors, eye protectors, face shield or a lower face cover. It may also have a detachable peak. 4.1.3 The design of the helme

41、t shall be such that the temperature in the space between the head and the helmet does not rise or decrease inordinately. Ventilation holes or other means may be provided in the shell. 4.1.4 The outer surface of the shell shall be perfectly smooth. Above the reference plane, the shape shall be in th

42、e form of a continuous convex curve, except where shaping is provided for functional purposes. Below the reference plane, irregularities in the curve shall be smoothly faired. The shell shall not incorporate an integral peak but may incorporate an integral lower face cover. 4.1.5 There shall be no p

43、ermanently fixed external projections greater than 5 mm above the outer surface of the shell. Any external projections other than press-fasteners shall be smooth and adequately faired. Rivet heads shall be radiused and shall not project more than 2 mm above the outer surfaces of the shell. 4.1.6 The

44、re shall be no inward-facing sharp edges on the inside of the helmet. 4.1.7 The integrated components of the helmet which are intended to protect the head of the user shall be assembled such that they shall not become easily detached or move when tested in accordance with 5.1. BS EN 13781:2012EN 137

45、81:2012 (E) 9 4.1.8 Where means for attaching eye protectors are not provided, the profile at the front edge shall not prevent the wearing of goggles. Testing shall be in accordance with 5.1. 4.2 Compatibility with additional devices No component or device may be fitted to or incorporated in the pro

46、tective helmet unless it is designed in such a way that it will not cause injury. When the component or device is fitted to or incorporated in the helmet, the helmet shall still comply with the requirements of this European Standard. 4.3 Protected area The shell shall cover all areas above plane AA

47、in Figure 1, and shall extend downwards at least as far as the lines CDEF on both sides of the headform. 4.4 Retention system 4.4.1 The helmet shall be held in place on the wearers head by means of a retention system which is secured under the lower jaw. All parts of the retention system shall be pe

48、rmanently attached to the system or to the helmet. Testing shall be in accordance with 5.1. 4.4.2 If the retention system includes a chin strap the strap shall be no less than 20 mm wide under a load of (150 5) N applied in accordance with 5.6.2. The chin strap shall not include a chin cup. 4.4.3 Th

49、e device to open the retention system shall not be capable of opening other than as a result of a deliberate act. In the case of a press-fastener opening device, the press-fastener shall be recessed, the surface to which the pressure is applied shall be fitted with a fairing about its whole periphery so that opening does not occur when the surface is pressed with a sphere of 100 mm d