BS EN 13782-2015 Temporary structure Tents Safety《临时工程 帐篷 安全》.pdf

1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13782:2015Temporary structure - Tents - SafetyBS EN 13782:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13782:2015. It supersedes BS EN 13782:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T

2、echnicalCommittee MCE/3/4, Fairground and amusement park machineryand structures - Safety.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for

3、 its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 82332 9ICS 91.040.99Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy an

4、d Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 13782:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13782 April 2015 ICS 91.040.99 Supersedes EN 13782:2005English Version Temporary structure - Tents - Safety Structure t

5、emporaire - Tentes - Scurit Fliegende Bauten - Zelte - Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 March 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard w

6、ithout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any oth

7、er language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,

8、 Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMM

9、ITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13782:2015 EBS EN 13782:2

10、015EN 13782:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 Introduction .6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 General requirements for design, analysis and examination .8 4.1 Design documents .8 4.2 Description of construction and operation .8 4.3 Construction drawings 8 5 Selectio

11、n of materials 9 5.1 General 9 5.2 Selection of covering materials 9 5.3 Joining of covering materials .9 6 Principles of numerical analysis . 10 6.1 General . 10 6.2 Verification 10 7 Design actions 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Permanent actions 11 7.3 Equivalent load . 11 7.4 Variable actions 11 7.4.1

12、Live loads 11 7.4.2 Wind loads . 12 7.4.3 Snow loads 15 7.4.4 Seismic forces . 16 7.5 Load combinations . 16 8 Verification of stability and equilibrium . 16 8.1 General . 16 8.2 Verification against overturning, sliding and lifting 17 8.2.1 Safety against overturning 18 8.2.2 Safety against sliding

13、 . 18 8.2.3 Safety against lifting . 19 8.3 Dead load for tent covers . 19 8.4 Structures with primary load bearing structure 19 8.4.1 Ballast mountings for protection against wind suction loads . 19 8.4.2 Wind bracings . 19 8.4.3 Cladding forces on the structure due to wind . 20 8.5 Membrane and po

14、le tent 20 8.5.1 General . 20 8.5.2 Pre-stressing . 20 8.5.3 Design and construction details on membrane 21 8.6 Verification of load bearing capacity of technical textiles and their connections . 21 8.7 Safety margin, safeguards . 22 8.8 Post tensioning . 23 9 Ground anchorages 23 9.1 General . 23 B

15、S EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 3 9.2 Load bearing capacity of weight anchors . 23 9.3 Load bearing capacity of rod anchors 23 9.4 Test loadings on site . 26 9.5 Calculation of loading capacities 26 9.6 Further requirements 26 9.7 Ground support for packing . 27 10 Other structural components . 27

16、10.1 General . 27 10.2 Design resistance 28 10.3 Synthetic fibre ropes . 28 10.4 Ratchets 29 11 Manufacture and supply . 29 11.1 General . 29 11.2 Certificates . 29 11.3 Observation of the design specification . 29 11.4 Description of installation and operation procedures . 30 12 Special design and

17、manufacture criteria 30 Annex A (informative) Pressure coefficients for closed tents of round shape 31 Annex B (informative) Special design and manufacture criteria and operation . 33 B.1 General . 33 B.2 Escape routes 33 B.2.1 Common recommendations . 33 B.2.2 Design of emergency exits . 33 B.2.3 L

18、ayout of escape routes . 33 B.3 Stairs . 34 B.4 Burning behaviour . 34 B.5 Textile connection . 34 B.6 Heating and cooking systems 34 B.7 Electrical equipment . 35 B.8 Fire extinguishers 35 Annex C (informative) Examination and approval . 36 C.1 Examination . 36 C.1.1 General . 36 C.1.2 Qualificatio

19、n . 36 C.2 Procedures for examination, test and approval . 36 C.2.1 General . 36 C.2.2 Identification 36 C.2.3 Initial approval of tents . 37 C.2.3.1 General . 37 C.2.3.2 Review of design and construction documents. 37 C.2.3.3 Inspection of construction work 37 C.2.4 Inspection after repair, modific

20、ation and accidents 37 BS EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 4 C.2.5 Report 37 C.3 Tent book . 38 C.3.1 General . 38 C.3.2 Content 38 C.4 Periodic thorough examination . 38 C.5 Installation examination . 39 C.5.1 General . 39 C.5.2 Extent of installation examination 39 Bibliography . 40 BS EN 13782:2015

21、EN 13782:2015 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 13782:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 152 “Fairground and amusement park machinery and structures - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either b

22、y publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or C

23、ENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13782:2005. The main changes in comparison to EN 13782:2005 are: a) chapters have been restructured and condensed in form and content; b) technical additions in reference to the Eurocodes;

24、 c) adjustments of the notations used in the Eurocodes; d) editorial corrections and changes. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,

25、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Ki

26、ngdom. BS EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 6 Introduction The object of this European Standard is to provide safety requirements for tents. The safety requirements are aimed to safe-guard persons and objects against damage caused by design, manufacturing and operation of these structures. These guidel

27、ines have been drawn up according to past experience and risk analysis. Existing national rules concerning health and safety of workers remain untouched. BS EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements which need to be observed at design, calculation,

28、 manufacture, installation, maintenance, of mobile, temporary installed tents with more than 50 m2ground area. This European Standard applies also to multiple small tents which are normally not covered by this standard and will be installed close together and exceed 50 m2in sum. NOTE Information is

29、given in Annex C on Examination and Approval. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition o

30、f the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 818 (all parts), Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety EN 1090 (all parts), Execution of steel structures and aluminium structures EN 1990, Eurocode - Basis of structural design EN 1991-1-1, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - P

31、art 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings EN 1991-1-3, Eurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 1-3: General actions - Snow loads EN 1991-1-4: Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions - Wind actions EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design

32、 - Part 1: General rules EN 10204:2004, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents EN 12385-1, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 1: General requirements EN 12385-2, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification EN 12385-3, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 3: Information f

33、or use and maintenance EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes Safety Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications EN 15619, Rubber or plastic coated fabrics - Safety of temporary structures (tents) - Specification for coated fabrics intended for tents and related structures ISO 2602, Statistical in

34、terpretation of test results Estimation of the mean Confidence interval 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 tent mobile, temporary installed structure enclosed with covers (textiles, foils) or partly with rigid elements Note 1 to

35、entry: It can be built as an enclosed or open building i.e. marquee, tent-hall, booth. BS EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 8 3.1.1 tent with primary load-bearing structure load bearing structure with enclosing elements EXAMPLE Structures with primary load bearing structure can be roofs, frameworks, po

36、st-and-beam system. 3.1.2 membrane tent tent with a load bearing pre-stressed textile structure with double curved shape, supported by masts and/or cables 3.1.3 pole tent tent with centre poles, where guying is used to stabilize the fabric covering 3.2 initial approval design and calculation review,

37、 verification, examinations and tests necessary for tent operation 3.3 modification any alteration of a tent which results in a departure from the original design specification 3.4 repair restorations of worn, damaged or decayed parts back to the original design specification 3.5 maintenance replace

38、ment of components which are designed to be replaced at specified intervals 4 General requirements for design, analysis and examination 4.1 Design documents The design documents shall include information for the verification of the stability, resistance and operating safety, especially a description

39、 of the construction and operation, the stability verification and design drawings as well as relevant documents concerning the burning behaviour. The documents shall include all the possible configurations of the tent. 4.2 Description of construction and operation The tent in particular its design

40、and utilization and its static system shall be explained in this description. The description shall include details of the particular features of the tents and of any alternative modes of installation which may exist, also details of the main dimensions, limitations, design particulars and materials

41、. 4.3 Construction drawings These shall exist for all sub-assemblies and individual components, the fracture or failure of which might endanger, the stability or operating safety of the tent. The construction drawings shall feature all the dimensions and cross section values required for testing and

42、 approval, also details of materials, structural components, fasteners and connectors. The construction plans shall comprise the following: BS EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 9 General drawings in plan view, elevation and sections, to one of the following scales, i.e. 1:100, 1:50 or 1:20. If clearnes

43、s and readability does not suffice other scales shall be used; Detail drawings relating to all the structural subassemblies not clearly discernible on the general drawings, also detail plans of connections and of individual items of structural nature that are likely to affect the safety of the tent

44、and of its operation, drawn to a larger scale. 5 Selection of materials 5.1 General Only materials in respect of which design data are featured in European Standards shall be used for structural components. Other materials can only be used on condition that proof of their serviceability has been est

45、ablished. The designer shall give special consideration to structural joints which are to be welded and the weldability of the selected metals in accordance with European Standards. 5.2 Selection of covering materials For rubber and plastic coated fabrics EN 15619 applies. The supplier certification

46、 shall be provided. For other fabric materials and cladding elements of: cotton fabrics; synthetic fabrics; solid covering and sheeting such as sectional metal sheets, wood or plastic panels and multi components elements, the following requirements shall be regarded: fabric materials designated for

47、structural use shall conform to EN standards or, in absence, to agreement by the parties involved; it shall be ensured that the material and the connections specified provides sufficient weathertightness, tensile strength to ensure safe and durable performance of the textile cover. The partial safet

48、y factors for structural use of fabrics shall be according to 8.6; standards for textile, membrane and inflatable structures. 5.3 Joining of covering materials Joints by sewing, welding and adhesives and zips shall conform to the relevant EN standards or shall be tested for their ultimate tear and s

49、hear properties. The ageing and environmental influences shall be taken into account by the application of additional partial safety factors. Zips shall be tested for their strength to withstand the calculated loads of the structure. Effects of wearing out and influence of UV light on plastic shall be considered. If suitable structural strength cannot be verified they can only be used in non-safety critical applications. BS EN 13782:2015EN 13782:2015 (E) 10 6 Principles of numerical analysis 6.1 General If subsequently not determined different