BS EN 13938-7-2004 Explosives for civil uses - Propellants and rocket propellants - Determination of properties of black powder《民用爆炸物 推进剂和火箭推进剂 黑火药特性的测定》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13938-7:2004 Explosives for civil uses Propellants and rocket propellants Part 7: Determination of properties of black powder The European Standard EN 13938-7:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.30 BS EN 13938-7:2004 This British Standard was published under t

2、he authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 27 October 2004 BSI 27 October 2004 ISBN 0 580 44332 9 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13938-7:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/

3、61, Explosives for civil uses, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found i

4、n the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsi

5、ble for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the

6、UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicate

7、s when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN139387 August2004 ICS71.100.30 Englishversion ExplosivesforcivilusesPropellantsandrocketpropellants Part7:Determinationofpropertiesofblackpowder Explosifsus

8、agecivilPoudrepropulsiveetpropergol pourfuseDterminationdespropritsdelapoudre noire ExplosivstoffefrzivileZweckeTreibladungspulverund RaketentreibstoffeTeil7:BestimmungderEigenschaften vonSchwarzpulver ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon21June2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInte

9、rnalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeoffi

10、cialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estoni

11、a,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCent

12、re:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN139387:2004:EEN 13938-7:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Preparation of test samples4 5 Methods for

13、black powder 5 5.1 Methods for black powder used as propellant, pyrotechnic or in safety fuses5 5.2 Methods for black powder for blasting .6 6 Test report7 Annex A (informative) Range of applicability of test methods9 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essenti

14、al Requirements of EU Directive 93/15/EEC10 Bibliography11 EN 13938-7:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13938-7:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 321 “Explosives for civil uses“, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a

15、national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the Europ

16、ean Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This document is one of a series of standards with the generic title Explosives for civil uses Propellants

17、and rocket propellants. The other parts of this series are listed below: prEN 13938-1 Part 1: Requirements prEN 13938-2 Part 2: Determination of resistance to electrostatic energy EN 13938-3 Part 3: Determination of deflagration to detonation transition EN 13938-4 Part 4: Determination of burning ra

18、te under ambient conditions EN 13938-5 Part 5: Determination of voids and fissures EN 13938-6 Part 6: Guide for the determination of integrity of inhibitor coatings According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to impleme

19、nt this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. E

20、N 13938-7:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document specifies the test methods for black powder in pellets, granular form, compressed (press- moulded cylinders with central hollow space) or as a meal for use as propellant, blasting explosive, pyrotechnic or in safety fuses. 2 Normative references The followi

21、ng referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13631-2, Explosives for civil uses - High explosives - Pa

22、rt 2: Determination of thermal stability of explosives EN 13631-3, Explosives for civil uses - High explosives - Part 3: Determination of sensitiveness to friction of explosives. EN 13631-4, Explosives for civil uses - High explosives - Part 4: Determination of sensitiveness to impact of explosives

23、EN 13857-1:2003, Explosives for civil uses - Part 1: Terminology EN 13938-4, Explosives for civil uses - Propellants and rocket propellants - Part 4: Determination of burning rate under ambient conditions EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratori

24、es (ISO/IEC 17025:1999) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13857-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 bulk density mass of a free-flowing substance poured into a measuring cylinder divided by its corresponding volume 3.2 free-flowing subst

25、ance substance in such a form that it can be readily transferred from one cylinder to another by pouring to give one continuous, homogeneous mass 4 Preparation of test samples For granular black powder some test methods given in 5.1 and 5.2 imply a preparation of the sample, e.g. by sieving. Details

26、 are given in the corresponding documents, the reference of which is given in Clause 2. EN 13938-7:2004 (E) 5 5 Methods 5.1 Methods for black powder used as propellant, pyrotechnic or in safety fuses 5.1.1 Determination of thermal stability Determine the thermal stability in accordance with the meth

27、od described in EN 13631-2. 5.1.2 Determination of sensitiveness to friction Determine the sensitiveness to friction in accordance with the method described in EN 13631-3. 5.1.3 Determination of sensitiveness to impact Determine the sensitiveness to impact in accordance with the method described in

28、EN 13631-4. 5.1.4 Determination of burning rate under ambient conditions Determine the burning rate under ambient conditions in accordance with the method described in EN 13938- 4. 5.1.5 Determination of bulk density 5.1.5.1 Principle A measured volume of the sample poured into an empty cylinder is

29、weighed. 5.1.5.2 Apparatus 5.1.5.2.1 Weighing machine, capable of weighing masses up to 500 g to an accuracy of 0,1 g. 5.1.5.2.2 Measuring cylinder with a capacity of 250 cm 3 , capable of measuring to an accuracy of 1 cm 3 , to be filled by a funnel. 5.1.5.3 Procedure Place the empty measuring cyli

30、nder on the weighing machine and record the mass (M 1 ). Introduce the sample by means of a funnel to a volume of about 200 cm 3 . Drop the cylinder three times vertically onto a wooden surface from a distance of about 2 cm. Record the volume of the product in the cylinder (V). Then reweigh the cyli

31、nder and contents (M 2 ). The density is determined three times with separate portions of the sample. NOTE If the sensitiveness of the sample to impact and friction are not known, it should be determined before measuring the bulk density. 5.1.5.4 Calculation of Results Calculate the bulk density of

32、the sample , expressed in grams per cm 3 , from the following equation: V M M 1 2 = EN 13938-7:2004 (E) 6 where M 1is the mass of the empty measuring cylinder, in grams (g); M 2is the mass of the cylinder and contents, in grams (g); V is the measured volume of the sample in the measuring cylinder, i

33、n cubic centimetres (cm 3 ). 5.1.6 Density of compressed pellets The density of compressed pellets can be calculated from the dimensions (calculate the volume) and the mass. c V M = where M is the mass of the compressed pellets, in grams (g); Vc is the calculated volume of the compressed pellets, in

34、 cubic centimetres (cm 3 ). The density is calculated three times with separate samples of compressed pellets. 5.2 Methods for black powder for blasting 5.2.1 Determination of thermal stability Determine the thermal stability in accordance with the method described in EN 13631-2. 5.2.2 Determination

35、 of sensitiveness to friction Determine the sensitiveness to friction in accordance with the method described in EN 13631-3. 5.2.3 Determination of sensitiveness to impact Determine the sensitiveness to impact in accordance with the method described in EN 13631-4. 5.2.4 Determination of burning rate

36、 under ambient conditions Determine the burning rate under ambient conditions in accordance with the method described in EN 13938- 4. 5.2.5 Determination of safe and reliable ignition and complete deflagration of black powder for blasting 5.2.5.1 Principle The transmission of deflagration of black p

37、owder is determined by igniting one of two compressed cylinders or cartridges having the same diameter and separated by an air gap. For compressed black powder the transmission is measured horizontally unconfined. For granular black powder the transmission is measured horizontally under confinement.

38、 5.2.5.2 Test samples For compressed pellets of black powder, the pellets shall be tested as placed on the market but without any wrapping. For granular black powder, the black powder shall be tested in steel pipes. 5.2.5.3 Apparatus EN 13938-7:2004 (E) 7 Two cylindrical steel pipes with an inner di

39、ameter of 25 mm, a wall thickness of 2 mm and an effective length of 50 mm (see Figure 1). One of the tubes shall be closed at one end with a suitable metal plate or plug, perforated to allow the wires of an electric igniter to be passed through. Paper of approximately 30 g/m 2is required to close t

40、he pipes. 5.2.5.4 Means of ignition The donor is ignited by an igniter as specified by the manufacturer of the black powder. 5.2.5.5 Preparation of test samples For granular black powder, cartridges are prepared as follows. For the donor, one end of a steel pipe is closed with a metal plate or plug

41、fixed to the pipe in a suitable manner. The plate has a hole through which can be passed the wires of an electric igniter. The igniter is introduced in the open end of the tube, its wires passed through the hole in the plug and the igniter fixed 5 mm from the closure. One end of the acceptor pipe is

42、 closed with paper (approximately 30 g/m 2 ) fixed with adhesive tape. The pipes are filled in an upright position with an excess of black powder and the surface levelled by drawing a blade across the top. Finally both pipes are closed with paper as described above (see Figure 1). 5.2.5.6 Procedure

43、The donor is ignited. Commence the test with a distance (gap) between donor and acceptor of 50 cm, if the acceptor is ignited, repeat the test with stepwise longer distances until no ignition of the acceptor will be observed. Otherwise, if no ignition of the acceptor is observed, repeat the test by

44、stepwise reducing the gap. The longest distance (go-gap) at which the acceptor will be ignited three times and the shortest distance (no- go-gap) at which the acceptor will be not ignited three times shall be recorded. 5.2.6 Determination of bulk density Determine the bulk density in accordance with

45、 the method described in 5.1.5. 5.2.7 Determination of density of compressed pellets Determine the density of compressed pellets in accordance with the method described in 5.1.6. 6 Test report The test report shall conform to EN ISO/IEC 17025. In addition, the following information shall be given: a

46、) reference to this document, i.e. EN 13938-7; b) complete identification of the sample, including grain size distribution; c) mass of black powder under test in cylinders or cartridges; d) loading density under test; e) ambient conditions during test; f) test result. prEN 13938-7:2004 (E) 8 Key A:

47、Donor 1 Metal plug with hole for wires 2 Electrical fuse head 3 Black powder 4 Steel pipe B: Acceptor 5 Paper covering fixed with adhesive tape C: Gap (variable) Figure 1 - General set-up for the determination of safe and reliable ignition and complete deflagration of black powder for blasting prEN

48、13938-7:2004 (E) 9 Annex A (informative) Range of applicability of test methods Range of applicability of the test method for the determination of sensitiveness to friction (see 5.1.2 and 5.2.2): 40 C to + 80 C. Range of applicability of the test method for the determination of sensitiveness to impact (see 5.1.3 and 5.2.3): 40 C to + 80 C. Range of applicability of the test method for the determination of burning rate under ambient conditions (see 5.1.4 and 5.2.4): 30 C to + 80 C. Range of applicability of the test method for the determin