1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13981-4:2006Aluminium and aluminium alloys Products for structural railway applications Technical conditions for inspection and delivery Part 4: ForgingsThe European Standard EN 13981-4:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 77.150.10g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g
2、55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13981-4:2006This British Standard was pub
3、lished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 December 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49832 8National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 13981-4:2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Comm
4、ittee NFE/35, Light metals and their alloys.A list of organizations represented on NFE/35 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British S
5、tandard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13981-4November 2006ICS 77.150.10English Version
6、Aluminium and aluminium alloys - Products for structural railwayapplications - Technical conditions for inspection and delivery -Part 4: ForgingsAluminium et alliages daluminium - Produits pourapplications ferroviaires structurales - Conditionstechniques de contrle et de livraison - Partie 4: Picesf
7、orgesAluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen - Erzeugnisse frtragende Anwendungen im Schienenfahrzeugbau -Technische Lieferbedingungen - Teil 4: SchmiedestckeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 6 October 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipul
8、ate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists
9、 in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies o
10、f Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE F
11、OR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13981-4:2006: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri
12、 Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13981-4:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Ordering information.6 5 Requirements.6 5.1 Production and manufacturing processes .6 5.2 Quality assurance6 5.3 Alloys, chemical c
13、omposition and tempers7 5.4 Mechanical properties of forgings.7 5.4.1 Mechanical properties of forgings under static loading7 5.4.2 Mechanical properties of forgings under cyclic loading.7 5.5 Mechanical properties of welded joints 8 5.5.1 General8 5.5.2 Mechanical properties of welded joints under
14、static loading .8 5.5.3 Mechanical properties of welded joints under cyclic loading 8 5.6 Freedom from surface defects .9 5.7 Tolerances on dimensions and form.9 6 Qualification procedures 9 6.1 First-off article approval procedure.9 6.2 Additional qualification procedure 9 7 Sampling and test metho
15、ds10 7.1 General10 7.2 Analysis of chemical composition.10 7.3 Tensile test .11 7.4 Preparation of test pieces for the testing of welded joints .11 7.5 Tensile testing on welded joints 11 7.6 Fatigue testing (parent material and welded joints).11 7.7 Dye penetrant testing 12 7.8 Metallographic testi
16、ng.12 7.9 Visual inspection .12 7.10 Measurement of dimensions 12 7.11 Ultrasonic testing.12 8 Traceability.13 9 Marking of forgings .13 10 Declaration of conformity .13 11 Record keeping14 12 Packaging .14 13 Application and use.14 14 Complaints of non-conformity .14 Annex A (normative) Mechanical
17、properties of alloys EN AW-6061 and EN AW-6110A .15 Annex B (normative) Test pieces for fatigue testing.16 Annex C (informative) Guidelines for application and use .17 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13981-4:2006 (E) 3 C.1 Selection of al
18、loys .17 C.2 Fatigue design .18 C.3 Welding.18 Annex D (normative) Chemical composition of EN AW-6110A EN AW-Al Mg0,9Si0,9MnCu20 Bibliography21 Figures Figure B.1 Test pieces for fatigue testing .16 Tables Table 1 Fatigue properties of forgings (not applicable for design purposes, see C.2)7 Table 2
19、Fatigue properties of MIG welded butt joints (not applicable for design purposes, see C.2).9 Table 3 Product inspection and testing procedures10 Table 4 Fatigue test factor F .12 Table A.1 Mechanical properties of alloy EN AW-6061 and EN AW-6110A forgings15 Table B.1 Dimensions of test pieces .16 Ta
20、ble C.1 Mechanical properties of welded butt joints, EN ISO 10042 class C, MIG welded 19 Table D.1 Chemical composition of alloy EN AW-6110A.20 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13981-4:2006 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13981-4:2006) ha
21、s been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 132 “Aluminium and aluminium alloys”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2007, and conflic
22、ting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2007. Within its program of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 132 entrusted CEN/TC 132/WG 21 “Aluminium for railway applications” to prepare the following standard: EN 13981-4, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Products for structural railw
23、ay applications Technical conditions for inspection and delivery Part 4: Forgings. EN 13981 comprises the following parts under the general title “Aluminium and aluminium alloys Products for structural railway applications Technical conditions for inspection and delivery“: Part 1: Extruded products
24、Part 2: Plates and sheets Part 3: Castings Part 4: Forgings Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. CEN/TC 132 affirms it is its policy that
25、in the case when a patentee refuses to grant licenses on standardised standard products under reasonable and not discriminatory conditions, then this product shall be removed from the corresponding standard. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of t
26、he following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Sloven
27、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13981-4:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for forgings (hand forgings, die forgings) which contribute to the structural prop
28、erties of the railcar bodyshell and other major structural components. The requirements on welded joints specified in this European Standard are not applicable to welded assemblies and sub-assemblies as they are specified for material qualification purposes only. It specifies particular requirements
29、 regarding qualification, quality control, material properties and dimensional tolerances. Furthermore, guide-lines for application and use are given. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edit
30、ion cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 515, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Wrought products Temper designations EN 571-1, Non destructive testing Penetrant testing Part 1: General principles EN 573-3, Aluminium
31、and aluminium alloys Chemical composition and form of wrought products Part 3: Chemical composition EN 586-1, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Forgings Part 1: Technical conditions for inspection and delivery EN 586-2, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Forgings Part 2: Mechanical properties and additiona
32、l property requirements EN 586-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Forgings Part 3: Tolerances on dimensions and form EN 895, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials Transverse tensile test EN 1011-4:2000, Welding Recommendations for welding of metallic materials Part 4: Arc welding of alumin
33、ium and aluminium alloys EN 10204:2004, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN 12258-1:1998, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Terms and definitions Part 1: General terms EN ISO 10042, Arc-welded joints in aluminium and its alloys Quality levels for imperfections (ISO 10042:2005) 3 Terms an
34、d definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12258-1:1998 and the following apply. 3.1 forging lot quantity of forgings of the same grade or alloy, form, temper, shape, thickness or cross-section, subsequently forged without die change Licensed Copy: Wang Bi
35、n, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13981-4:2006 (E) 6 3.2 inspection lot consignment, or part thereof, submitted for inspection, comprising products of the same grade or alloy, form, temper, shape, thickness or cross-section and processed in the same manner. Prod
36、ucts included in one inspection lot shall be manufactured in the same production unit 3.3 heat treatment batch or lot quantity of products of the same grade or alloy, form, thickness or cross-section and produced in the same way, heat-treated in one furnace load, or such products solution-treated an
37、d subsequently precipitation-treated in one furnace load. More than one solution-treatment lot can be included in the precipitation furnace load 3.4 structural property property having a direct effect on the static and dynamic load carrying capability of a component or assembly 4 Ordering informatio
38、n The ordering information shall be formulated as laid down in EN 586-1. Reference to this European Standard shall be made. In addition, it shall be indicated whether the forging is intended to be welded or not. If the purchaser requires the ultrasonic inspection of the forging stock or the forgings
39、, this shall be stated in the order. 5 Requirements 5.1 Production and manufacturing processes Unless otherwise specified on the order, the production and manufacturing processes shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer. Unless it is explicitly stated on the order, no obligation shall be
40、placed on the manufacturer to use the same processes for subsequent and similar orders. 5.2 Quality assurance The manufacturer shall establish and maintain a quality management system which should be at least equivalent to EN ISO 9001. The manufacturer shall establish and maintain inspection plans d
41、efining all inspections and tests to be performed on the forging to fulfil the requirements of this European Standard and any other agreed requirement, the frequency of the tests and the type of record to be established. The inspection plan shall specify for each inspection or test whether it is to
42、be performed per cast, per forging lot, per heat treatment batch, per inspection lot or per any other lot of importance. The inspection plan shall comply as a minimum to the test procedures and test requirements stipulated in this European Standard (see Table 3). The inspection plan shall include ad
43、ditional schemes for appropriate process control. If required the inspection plan shall be submitted to the purchaser for approval before start of production. The manufacturer shall be responsible for carrying out all inspections and tests required by this European Standard, prior to the shipment of
44、 the forging. If the purchaser wishes to inspect the forging at the manufacturers works, he shall stipulate this at the time of placing the order. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Mar 23 01:39:35 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13981-4:2006 (E) 7 The extent of inspections shall be in co
45、mpliance with Table 3. Unless explicitly stated quality controls and inspections shall be performed on inspection lots. 5.3 Alloys, chemical composition and tempers The alloys shall be selected from the following: EN AW-5754, EN AW-5083, EN AW-6082, EN AW-6061, EN AW-6110A. Any other alloy shall be
46、qualified according to a mutually agreed procedure which shall consider the intended joining technique and the intended use. The chemical compositions of these alloys shall be as specified in EN 573-3. The chemical composition of alloy EN AW-6110A is specified in Annex D. In addition, the lead (Pb)
47、content of all 6xxx series alloys shall be limited to max. 0,01 %. If the purchaser requires content limits for elements not specified in the above standard, these limits shall be stated on the order, after agreement between purchaser and supplier. The tempers shall be selected from those specified
48、in EN 586-2 or in Table A.1 unless otherwise agreed upon between supplier and purchaser. Tempers shall be as defined in EN 515. Other tempers shall be qualified according to a mutually agreed procedure which shall consider the intended joining technique and the intended use. 5.4 Mechanical propertie
49、s of forgings 5.4.1 Mechanical properties of forgings under static loading Tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of forgings shall conform to the requirements in EN 586-2 unless otherwise agreed upon between supplier and purchaser and stated on the order. The mechanical properties of alloys EN AW-6061 and EN AW-6110A shall comply with Annex A. 5.4.2 Mechanical properties of forgings under cyclic loading The minimum values for the maximum stress specified in Table 1 shall be met for all al
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