1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Method for airflow measurement by calibrated sensors in or close to ATD/plenum boxesThe European St
2、andard EN 14277:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.140.30Ventilation for buildings Air terminal devices BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14277:2006BS EN 14277:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI 2006ISBN
3、 0 580 49542 6Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Commentscontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation
4、 of EN 14277:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/2, Ventilation for buildings, heating and hot water services.A list of organizations represented on RHE/2 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all th
5、e necessary provisions of a EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14277September 2006ICS 91.140.30English VersionVentilation for buildings - Air terminal devices - Method forairflow measurement by calibrated sensors in or close toATD/plenum boxesSystmes de ventilation pour les btiments -
6、 Bouches dair- Mthode de mesure du dbit dair laide de capteurstalonns dans ou proximit des botes typebouche/plnumLftung von Gebuden - Luftdurchlsse - Verfahren zurMessung des Luftstroms durch kalibrierte Fhler in oder inder Nhe von Luftdurchlssen/berdruckkammernThis European Standard was approved by
7、 CEN on 7 July 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards ma
8、y be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Centr
9、al Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland
10、, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any me
11、ans reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14277:2006: EEN 14277:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 1 Scope4 2 Normative references4 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 6 3.1 Terms and definitions .6 3.2 Symbols8 4 Instrumentation .8 4.1 Air flow rate measurement .8 4.2 Pressure measu
12、rement.9 4.3 Temperature measurement 9 5 Sampling 10 5.1 General .10 5.2 Integral damper10 6 Determination of the calibration curve10 6.1 Principle .10 6.2 Test installation .10 6.3 Test procedure.12 7 Test to determine the effect of flow disturbance on measurement accuracy.13 7.1 Principle .13 7.2
13、Test procedure.14 8 Test report23 8.1 Test results 23 8.2 Contents .23 Annex A (normative) Zero-pressure difference method - Principle.26 EN 14277:2006 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14277:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of whi
14、ch is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Inter
15、nal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Nether
16、lands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 14277:2006 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies methods for the laboratory aerodynamic testing and rating of the air flow rate measurement accuracy of fixed air flow rate measure
17、ment devices, including supply and exhaust air terminal devices (ATD) and in-duct measurement stations (IMS) and the sensitivity of such devices to flow disturbance. A general overview of different test configurations is shown in Figure 1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents ar
18、e indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12238, Ventilation for buildings Air terminal devices Aerodynamic testing and ratin
19、g for mixed flow application EN 12792:2003, Ventilation for buildings Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols EN ISO 5167-1, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full Part 1: General principles and requirements (IS
20、O 5167-1:2003) EN ISO 5167-2, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full Part 2: Orifice plates (ISO 5167-2:2003) EN ISO 5167-3, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular
21、cross-section conduits running full Part 3: Nozzles and Venturi nozzles (ISO 5167-3:2003) EN ISO 5167-4, Measurement of fluid flow by means of pressure differential devices inserted in circular cross-section conduits running full Part 4: Venturi tubes (ISO 5167-4:2003) ISO 5221, Air distribution and
22、 air diffusion Rules to methods of measuring air flow rate in an air-handling duct EN 14277:2006 (E) 5 In duct measuring stations Air terminal devices IMS ATD ABC1 324040705 06111312090810Key A Undisturbed situation 1 Supply air 04 See Figure 4 09 See Figure 9 B 90 bend 2 Return air 05 See Figure 5
23、10 See Figure 10 C T - piece 3 Supply air 06 See Figure 6 11 See Figure 11 4 Return air 07 See Figure 7 12 See Figure 12 08 See Figure 8 13 See Figure 13 Figure 1 Test configurations indicating test devices and test situations EN 14277:2006 (E) 6 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Terms and defini
24、tions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12792:2003 and the following apply. 3.1.1 air terminal device ATD component of an installation which is designed for the purpose of achieving the predetermined movement of air into or from a treated space 3.1.2 in-duct me
25、asurement station IMS measurement device installed in the ductwork between two pieces of duct 3.1.3 characteristic length definitive dimension referring to the diameter of a circular duct or to the dimensions Lc1or Lc2of a rectangular duct (see Figures 2 and 3) 3.1.4 5 % calibration length L5 distan
26、ce from the device under test in a disturbed situation, within which the measurement error stays within 5 % compared to the calibration curve. This length L5 depends on the type of the disturbance and is specified as a function of the characteristic length for all designated types of disturbances de
27、fined for each consecutive case 3.1.5 10% calibration length L10 distance from the device under test in a disturbed situation, within which the measurement error stays within 10 % compared to the calibration curve. This length L10 depends on the type of the disturbance and is specified as a function
28、 of the characteristic length for all designated types of disturbances defined for each consecutive case 3.1.6 zero-pressure difference method method to compensate for the effect of the air flow measurement apparatus when measuring air flow rate of induction air or supply/exhaust air NOTE The method
29、 is normally used when it is difficult to measure the air flow rate with sufficient accuracy by other methods due for example to low duct velocity. The method is described in Annex A. EN 14277:2006 (E) 7 Lc1Lc1Lc1Figure 2 Rectangular duct disturbances with the characteristic length LC1 Lc2Lc2Lc2Figu
30、re 3 Rectangular duct disturbances with the characteristic length LC2EN 14277:2006 (E) 8 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols and the suffixes given in Table 1 apply. Table 1 Symbols Symbol Quantity Unit A Area m2ADCross sectional area of the ATD m2APCCross sectional area of th
31、e pressure chamber m2DeEquivalent diameter m E Relative error % k Coefficient -L Length mLc1Characteristic length of a rectangular duct m Lc2Characteristic length of a rectangular duct m n Exponent -paAtmospheric pressure Pa psStatic gauge pressure Pa ps1Static pressure upstream of the device under
32、test Pa ps2Static pressure downstream of the device under test Pa psaAbsolute static pressure Pa p Pressure difference Pa pMMeasurement pressure difference Pa psStatic pressure drop over the device under test Pa qvMeasured air flow rate ls-1vxAir velocity in main duct upstream of T-piece ms-1vyAir v
33、elocity in side branch of T-piece ms-1vzAir velocity in main duct downstream of T-piece ms-1 Output signal - MAir density during measurement kgm-34 Instrumentation 4.1 Air flow rate measurement 4.1.1 The air flow rate shall be measured using instruments in accordance with EN ISO 5167 parts 1 to 4, I
34、SO 5221 or other instruments which will have equivalent calibrated performance. EN 14277:2006 (E) 9 4.1.2 Air flow meters shall have a minimum calibration accuracy of 2,5 % over the whole range. 4.1.3 Flow meters shall be checked at intervals as appropriate but not exceeding 12 months. This check ca
35、n take the form of one of the following: a) a dimensional check for all flow meters not requiring calibration; b) a calibration over their full range using the original method employed for the initial calibration of meters calibrated in situ; c) a check against a flow meter which meets flow meter sp
36、ecifications according to ISO 5221 and EN ISO 5167 parts 1 to 4 as appropriate. 4.2 Pressure measurement 4.2.1 Pressure in the duct shall be measured by means of a liquid filled, calibrated manometer or any other device conforming to 4.2.2 4.2.2 The resolution shall not be greater than the character
37、istics listed for the accompanying range of manometers, given in Table 2. Table 2 Resolution for the ranges of manometers Range Resolution Pa Pa Up to and including 50 0,1 From 50 to 250 1 From 250 to 500 5,0 Above 500 25,0 4.2.3 The measured value of differential pressure should be greater than 10
38、% of the range of the measurement device used. NOTE Example: with a micromanometer in the range 01 000 Pa the minimum differential pressure to be measured is 100 Pa. 4.2.4 The uncertainty of calibration standards shall be: a) for instruments with the range up to 100 Pa, equal or better than 0,5 Pa;
39、b) for instruments with the range over 100 Pa, equal or better than 0,5 % of reading. 4.3 Temperature measurement 4.3.1 Measurement of temperature shall be, for example, by means of mercury-in-glass thermometers, resistance thermometers or thermo-couples. Instruments shall have a resolution better t
40、han 0,5 K and be calibrated to an accuracy of 0,25 K. EN 14277:2006 (E) 10 5 Sampling 5.1 General 5.1.1 In order to achieve a representative result the tests shall be conducted with devices chosen in the following manner from a geometrically similar range as indicated in 5.1.2 and 5.1.3. 5.1.2 For d
41、etermination of the calibration curve: a) if there are from one to three sizes of the measuring device, three samples of each size shall be chosen at random; b) if there are more than three sizes, then three samples from each of at least three sizes shall be chosen at random. The chosen sizes shall
42、represent the whole range in which the measuring device to be tested is manufactured and, where practical, shall represent the largest, smallest and mid-range size devices. 5.1.3 For determination of sensitivity to flow disturbances: a) if there are one to three sizes of the measuring device, one sa
43、mple of each size shall be chosen at random; b) if there are more than three sizes, then one sample from each of at least three sizes shall be chosen at random. The chosen sizes shall, as well as possible, represent the whole range in which the measuring device to be tested is manufactured and where
44、 practical shall represent the largest, smallest and mid-range size devices. 5.2 Integral damper If a damper is an integral part of the measuring function then the repeatability between the settings of each test sample shall be checked. The direction from which the setting is made is particularly im
45、portant, due to the possibility of hysteresis, and this should be according to the manufacturers instructions (see 6.3.4). 6 Determination of the calibration curve 6.1 Principle The calibration curve is measured by connecting the device to be tested in series with a reference air flow rate meter and
46、 an adjustable fan. 6.2 Test installation 6.2.1 The calibration curve for the test samples shall be measured using the test installations shown in Figure 4 for IMS, and in Figure 5 and Figure 6 for ATD, respectively. 6.2.2 Flow straighteners shall be fitted in the upstream test duct at a position 3
47、Defrom the connection to the measuring device to be tested. Alternatively, a straight duct can be used without straighteners if in accordance with EN ISO 5167 parts 1 to 4 as appropriate. The velocity profile near the upstream connection to the device to be tested shall be uniform to 10 % of the mea
48、n value over the test duct cross section, excluding the area within 15 mm of the duct walls (for typical test method see ISO 5221). EN 14277:2006 (E) 11 Key 1 reference flow rate measurement device in accordance with EN ISO 5167 parts 1 to 4 or ISO 5221 4 flow straightener in accordance with EN ISO
49、5167 parts 1 to 4 2 total length of unit 5 piezometric ring 3 unit under test 6 pressure difference or other output signal 7 temperature measurement a)This length to be straight and its cross section uniform and equal to that of the inlet spigot. Figure 4 Configurations A1 and A2 Typical installation for IMS, undisturbed situation Key 1 reference flow rate measurement device in accordance with EN ISO 5167 parts 1 to 4 or ISO 5221 5 piezometric ring 2 to
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