BS EN 14580-2005 Natural stone test methods - Determination of static elastic modulus《天然石料试验方法 测定静态弹性模量》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14580:2005Natural stone test methods Determination of static elastic modulusThe European Standard EN 14580:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 73.020; 91.100.15g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40

2、g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 14580:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 July 2005 BSI 28 July 2005ISBN 0 580 46427 XNational forewordThis British Standard i

3、s the official English language version of EN 14580:2005.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/545, Natural stone, which has the responsibility to:A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referenc

4、esThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogueunder the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Stan

5、dards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the r

6、esponsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front c

7、over, the EN title page, pages 2 to 14, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14580April 2005ICS

8、73.020; 91.100.15English versionNatural stone test methods - Determination of static elasticmodulusMthodes dessai pour pierres naturelles - Dterminationdu module dlasticit statiquePrfverfahren fr Naturstein - Bestimmung des statischenElastizittsmodulsThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 M

9、arch 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtai

10、ned on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secreta

11、riat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal

12、, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 BrusselsAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN

13、 national Members.Ref. No. EN 14580:2005: E 2005 CEN2ContentsPage Foreword 31 Scope .52 Normative references .53 Principle.54 Symbols and definitions.55 Apparatus 56 Preparation of the specimens 66.1 Sampling66.2 General 66.3 Test specimens .66.3.1 Dimensions of test specimens.66.3.2 Dimensions of t

14、he gauges66.3.3 Surface finish 66.3.4 Planes of anisotropy.76.3.5 Conditioning of specimens before testing76.3.6 Attaching the gauges on the specimens.77 Test procedure 77.1 General 77.2 Measuring the specimen 77.3 Placing the specimen in the testing machine .77.4 Loading78 Expression of results89 T

15、est report .8Annex A (normative) Statistical evaluation of test results 10A.1 Scope .10A.2 Symbols and definitions.10A.3 Statistical evaluation of test results 11Bibliography.14EN 14580:2005 (E)3Foreword This document (EN 14580:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 246 “Natural stone

16、s”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2005. This

17、 document is one of the series of draft standards for tests on natural stone. Test methods for natural stone consist of the following parts: EN 1925, Natural stone test methods Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarityEN 1926, Natural stone test methods Determination of compressiv

18、e strengthEN 1936, Natural stone test methods Determination of real density and apparent density, and of total and open porosity EN 12370, Natural stone test methods Determination of resistance to salt crystallisationEN 12372, Natural stone test methods Determination of flexural strength under conce

19、ntrated loadEN 12407, Natural stone test methods Petrographic examinationEN 13161, Natural stone test methods Determination of flexural strength under constant momentEN 13364, Natural stone test methods Determination of the breaking load at dowel holeEN 13373, Natural stone test methods - Determinat

20、ion of geometric characteristics on units EN 13755, Natural stone test methods Determination of water absorption at atmospheric pressureEN 13919, Natural stone test methods Determination of resistance to ageing by SO2action in the presence ofhumidityEN 14066, Natural stone test methods Determination

21、 of resistance to ageing by thermal shockEN 14147, Natural stone test methods Determination of resistance to ageing by salt mistEN 14157, Natural stone test methods Determination of the abrasion resistanceEN 14158, Natural stone test methods Determination of rupture energyEN 14205, Natural stone tes

22、t methods Determination of Knoop hardnessEN 14231, Natural stone test methods Determination of the slip resistance by means of the pendulum tester EN 14579, Natural stone test methods Determination of sound speed propagation prEN 14580, Natural stone test methods Determination of static elastic modu

23、lus EN 14581, Natural stone test methods Determination of linear thermal expansion coefficientEN 14580:2005 (E)4No existing document is superseded. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European

24、Standard : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EN 14580:2005 (E)5

25、1 ScopeThe document specifies a method to determine the static elastic modulus of natural stone in uniaxial compression. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

26、 references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1926, Natural stone test methods Determination of compressive strength EN 12390-4, Testing hardened concrete Part 4: Compressive strength Specification for testing machines3 PrincipleThe longitudinal de

27、formations of a specimen under basic and upper uniaxial compressive stresses are measured. From these values the static elastic modulus is calculated. 4 Symbols and definitions Ebstatic elastic modulus in Megapascals (MPa);ubasic stress, of approximately 2 % of the mean value of the tested compressi

28、ve strength, prior to the third loading cycle, in MPa; oupper stress, of approximately 33 % of the mean value of the tested compressive strength, during the third loading cycle in MPa; umean unitary deformation under the basic stress at point A (see Figure 2); omean unitary deformation under the upp

29、er stress at point B (see Figure 2). 5 Apparatus5.1 A compression testing machine of appropriate force in accordance with EN 12390-4 and calibrated according to that standard. 5.2 Length measuring devices (for example inductance gauges) or strain measuring devices (for example strain gauges) with a

30、gauge length of at least ten grain diameters with a minimum of 50 mm. The apparatus shall becapable of measuring changes in strain of 5 m/m 10-6m/m or less. 5.3 A ventilated oven which can maintain a temperature of (70 5) C. EN 14580:2005 (E)66 Preparation of the specimens 6.1 SamplingThe sampling i

31、s not the responsibility of the test laboratory except where especially requested. At least sixspecimens shall be selected from an homogeneous batch. 6.2 GeneralThe test may be carried out as an identification test or as a technological test. In identification tests the conditioning of the specimens

32、 before testing is performed according to 6.3.5.1. For the conditioning before testing in technological tests see 6.3.5.2. 6.3 Test specimens 6.3.1 Dimensions of test specimens The specimens shall be cylinders with a diameter (d) or prisms with a plan dimension (a) of 50 mm min. Thediameter or the p

33、lan dimension of the specimen shall be related to the size of the largest cristal grain in the stone with a ratio of 10:1. The ratio height to diameter or height to smaller plan dimension shall be between 2 and 4. 6.3.2 Dimensions of the gauges The minimum gauge length shall be the diameter or the l

34、arger plan dimension (b) of the specimen (Figure 1). Figure 1 Arrangement of the length (or strain) measuring devices 6.3.3 Surface finish 6.3.3.1 GeneralThe faces through which the load is to be applied shall be plane to a tolerance of 0,1 mm and shall not depart from perpendicularity to the axis o

35、f the specimen by more than 0,01 radian or 1 mm in 100 mm. The sides of the specimen shall be smooth and free of abrupt irregularities and straight to within 0,3 mm over the full length of the specimen. To meet the above mentioned requirements, the specimen shall be finished on either lathe or surfa

36、ce grinder, with a final touching on a lapping machine if needed. Capping with mortar according to the procedure indicated in 6.3.3.2 is admitted only if the indicated tolerances are not obtainable with the prescribed mechanical preparation. This condition shall be clearly indicated in the test repo

37、rt. EN 14580:2005 (E)76.3.3.2 Capping with mortar It is possible to cap the specimen by using a mortar made up with cement CEM I 52,5 R according to EN 197-1 and waiting as much as needed for hardening. 6.3.4 Planes of anisotropy If the stone shows planes of anisotropy (e.g. bedding, foliation), the

38、 axis of the specimens shall be perpendicular to the principal planes of anisotropy. If a test with loading perpendicular to any other orientation is required, another set of specimens with the same dimensional characteristics shall be prepared. 6.3.5 Conditioning of specimens before testing6.3.5.1

39、Identification test The specimens shall be dried at (70 5) C to a constant mass. Constant mass is reached when the difference between two weighings carried out at an interval of (24 2) h is not greater than 0,1 % of the first of the two masses. 6.3.5.2 Technological test The conditioning of the spec

40、imens may be different from the identification test, according to the use in practice. The conditioning shall be described in the test report. 6.3.6 Attaching the gauges on the specimens At least two length (or strain) measuring devices shall be attached to the specimen parallel to its axis in such

41、a way that they are symmetrical about the middle of the specimen and equally spaced. They shall not be nearer to either end of the specimen than a distance equal to half its diameter for cylindrical and equal to half of the larger plan dimension of the end face for prismatic specimens (see Figure 1)

42、. 7 Test procedure 7.1 General Before the static elastic modulus test is carried out, the compressive strength determined in accordance with EN 1926 shall be known. 7.2 Measuring the specimen The cross-sectional dimension(s) of the test specimens (diameter for cylindrical and plan dimension(s) for p

43、rismatic test specimens) shall be measured to the nearest 0,1 mm by averaging two measurements taken at right angles to each other at about the upper height and the lower height of the specimen. The average plan dimension(s) or the average diameter shall be used for calculating the cross-sectional a

44、rea. The height of the specimen shall be determined to the nearest 0,1 mm. 7.3 Placing the specimen in the testing machine The specimen shall be placed centrally in the testing machine and the upper plate aligned so that it is in full contact with the specimen. 7.4 Loading The specimen shall be subj

45、ected to cycles of loading and unloading from the basic stress. EN 14580:2005 (E)8The specimen shall be subjected to cycles of loading and unloading from the basic stress (uto the upper stress oin accordance with the diagram of Figure 2 at a constant stress rate of (0,5 0,2) MPa/s. The measurements

46、of the stress and of the corresponding deformation shall be taken prior to the third loading cycle (point A, in Figure 2) and during the third loading cycle (point B, in Figure 2). After completing the measurements at point B the specimen shall be loaded at the specified rate until failure. If the c

47、ompressive strength of the specimen differs from the mean value (7.1) by more than 20 %, this shall be stated in the test report. KeyX-axis : time (s) Y-axis : stress (expressed as a percentage of the mean value of the tested compressive strength) A is the point of reading of the basic stress, (u) a

48、nd corresponding deformation, (u), prior to the third loading cycle; B is the point of reading the upper stress, (o) and corresponding deformation, (o), during the third loading cycle; t is the time (in seconds) for a cycle of loading and unloading resulting from the specified stress rate. Figure 2

49、- Stress-time diagram for determining the static elastic modulus example for a stone with a compressive strength of 60 MPa 8 Expression of results The static elastic modulus in compression is calculated by the following equation: uouob=EThe result shall be expressed in MPa with at least three significant figures. 9 Test report The test report shall contain the following information: EN 14580:2005 (E)9a) unique identification number of the report; b) the number, title and date of issue of th