1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14865-2:2006Railway applications Axlebox lubricating greases Part 2: Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speeds up to 200 km/hThe European Standard EN 14865-2:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 75.100g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g
2、56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 14865-2:2006This British Standard was published under th
3、e authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committeeon 17 March 2006 BSI 17 March 2006ISBN 0 580 47965 XNational forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14865-2:2006. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee RAE/3, Railwa
4、y rolling stock material, to Subcommittee RAE/3/-/2, Rolling bearings and lubricants, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests
5、 informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred
6、to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogueunder the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions o
7、f a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back
8、 cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 14865
9、-2March 2006ICS 75.100English VersionRailway applications - Axlebox lubricating greases - Part 2:Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speedsup to 200 km/hApplications ferroviaires - Graisses lubrifiantes pour botesdessieux - Partie 2 : Mthode dessai de stabilitmcanique pour des v
10、itesses de vhicules allant jusqu200 km/hBahnanwendungen - Schmierfette fr Radsatzlager - Teil 2:Prfverfahren fr mechanische Stabilitt beiSchienenfahrzeugen bis zu Geschwindigkeiten von 200km/hThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 January 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CE
11、NELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any C
12、EN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN memb
13、ers are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
14、and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14865-2:
15、2006: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14865-2:2006 (E)2Contents pageForeword 3Introduction41 Scope .52 Normative references .53 Terms and definitions.54 Testing principle .55 Reagents and materials66 Apparatus 67 Sampling68 Testing procedure.6
16、8.1 General 68.2 Preparation of the apparatus .68.3 Washing procedure.78.4 Assembly of the bearings.78.5 Volume and distribution of the test lubricating grease78.6 Assembly of the box.78.7 Assembly of the machine.88.8 Calibrating the machine .88.9 Running the test88.10 Dismantling the machine after
17、testing 98.11 Disassembly of the bearings99 Evaluation99.1 Recording 99.2 Leakage .109.3 Penetration 1010 Precision1010.1 General 1010.2 Repeatability1010.3 Reproducibility1111 Test report .1112 Other test rig .12Annex A (normative) V2F test rig 13Annex B (normative) Axlebox 14Annex C (informative)
18、Round Robin test 15C.1 Result.15C.2 Symbols in the Figures C.1 and C.2 15C.3 Test data distribution15Annex D (informative) Precision calculation examples.17D.1 Repeatability example 17D.2 Reproducibility example.17Bibliography.18Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled
19、 Copy, (c) BSIEN 14865-2:2006 (E) 3Foreword This European Standard (EN 14865-2:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
20、an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2006. EN 14865 consists of the following parts, under the general title Railway applications Axlebox lubricating greases: Part 1: Method to test the
21、ability to lubricate Part 2: Method to test the mechanical stability to cover vehicle speeds up to 200 km/h According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czec
22、h Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02
23、BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14865-2:2006 (E)4IntroductionA test method is standardized, which is referred to in EN 12081. This European Standard standardizes a test method and acceptance criteria for the demand in EN 12081 for testing the mechanical stability of axlebox lubricating grease
24、s. It addresses the issue of mechanical stability of lubricating greases operating under severe conditions. All lubricants have three main functions to form a lubricating film that separates rolling elements and raceways, to protect the bearings from corrosion and to give good longevity. For lubrica
25、ting grease there is a further demand: the product needs to be mechanically stable in use. Currently several common lubricating grease shear stability tests are available to industry, but the procedure in this European Standard is the most severe. It has been available for many years and it is used
26、to discriminate between lubricating greases of different stabilities. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14865-2:2006 (E) 51 Scope This European Standard specifies a test method and sets the acceptance criteria for the determination of the mechani
27、cal stability of lubricating greases intended for the lubrication of axlebox bearings according to EN 12081. In the test, impacts are applied to the lubricating grease so that only very stable lubricating greases will perform acceptably. The method is used in a discrimination process for finding lub
28、ricating greases of such mechanical stability that they are considered accepted lubricating greases for more extensive performance tests according to EN 12082. For purposes of quality assurance and quality control, this test method is also used for batch testing of lubricating greases. 2 Normative r
29、eferences The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 868, Plastics and eboni
30、te Determination of indentation hardness by means of a durometer (Shore hardness) (ISO 868:2003)EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids Manual sampling (ISO 3170:2004) EN ISO 4259:1995, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test (ISO 4259:1992/Cor 1:1993
31、) ISO 2137:1985, Petroleum products Lubricating grease and petrolatum Determination of cone penetration ISO 5725-6:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 6: Use in practice of accuracy values3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard,
32、the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 lubricating greasesemi-solid product consisting of a mixture of liquid lubricant and thickened with soaps or other thickeners, and may also contain other ingredients, imparting special properties (additives) 3.2 lubricating grease mechanical stabilityre
33、sistance to breakdown of the lubricating grease structure under shear, causing the product to become softer 3.3 lifting devicehoist, block and tackle suitably supported, a traverse or other device suitable to support and safely manoeuvre the axlebox and its components 4 Testing principle A typical t
34、ype of railway axlebox with a labyrinth seal and two spherical roller bearings is packed with test lubricating grease. The axlebox axle is first rotated for 72 h at 500 r/min (52,4 rad/s) while the axlebox is subject to vibrational accelerations. The vibration is brought about by hitting the axlebox
35、 every second with a Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14865-2:2006 (E)6hammer with a falling height of 4,5 mm. The second part of the test continues in the same way for another 72 h, but the rotational speed of the axle is increased to 1 000 r/m
36、in (104,7 rad/s). The weight of lubricating grease lost from the axlebox is recorded as a measure of mechanical stability. 5 Reagents and materials Use only reagents of recognised analytical grades (e.g. white spirit according to BS 245 specification). 6 Apparatus1)The following V2F test rig and equ
37、ipment are used in the test: a) test rig as described in Annex A and detailed in Annex B; b) lifting device suitable for supporting and manoeuvring the assembled axlebox (approximately 100 kg); c) spatula; d) balance; e) thermocouple. 7 Sampling The following measures shall be taken when taking samp
38、les: a) unless otherwise specified, samples shall be taken in accordance with one of the procedures specified in EN ISO 3170; b) laboratory samples shall be examined for homogeneity before taking the test portion. NOTE How lubricating grease samples are to be taken after the test procedure is descri
39、bed in 8.10; c) samples shall be stored at a temperature between 0 C and 30 C, for at least 24 h, before use. 8 Testing procedure 8.1 General The procedure is described assuming that the apparatus is disassembled. If this is not the case, then disassemble the apparatus and bearings, as described in
40、8.10 and 8.11, before proceeding. 8.2 Preparation of the apparatus Make sure that the test rig is earthed and that the electrical wiring is correct. When starting the machine, carefully check that the eccentric cam rotates in the correct direction. 1) Information about suitable equipment is availabl
41、e from SKF Quality Technology Centre, A-4400 Steyr, Austria. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Tue May 16 06:58:02 BST 2006, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 14865-2:2006 (E) 78.3 Washing procedure All parts of the axlebox shall be washed and thoroughly dried before any running test is carried out. White spi
42、rit or a similar non-aqueous solvent should be used for the washing and the parts may be dried using clean and dry compressed air. The bearings shall be disassembled before washing according to the method described in 8.11. 8.4 Assembly of the bearings The rollers shall be placed into the pockets in
43、 the two cage halves, with the exception of 12 rollers, 6 from each side of the bearing, i.e. 3 cage pockets are left empty on each side of each cage half to allow assembly. The cage halves and the guide ring are then placed over the inner ring. The inner ring assembly is fitted into the outer ring
44、and swung out so that it is possible to press the remaining rollers into position. 8.5 Volume and distribution of the test lubricating grease A total volume of 1 370 cm3lubricating grease shall be used for the test and this volume of lubricating grease is split up in 5 portions 132 cm3, 174 cm3, 700
45、 cm3, 174 cm3and 190 cm3. These portions are to be prepared to an accuracy of 0,5 cm3.If the density of the lubricating grease is known, the weight of the lubricating grease instead of the volume can be used. NOTE Previous trials have proven that following the specified volumes is essential for the
46、accuracy of the testing. 8.6 Assembly of the box The collar shall be pressed on the axle (Figure B.1, key 8). The first bearing (Figure B.1, key 6) is pressed on and the spacing ring (Figure B.1, key 5) mounted. The bearing is filled with 174 cm3lubricating grease. This is done by applying the lubri
47、cating grease with a suitable spatula. The outer ring is swung out and about half of the lubricating grease volume is worked between the rollers. With the outer ring swung back into position, the rest of the lubricating grease is applied. The second bearing (Figure B.1, key 4) is then pressed on and
48、 174 cm3lubricating grease is applied in the same way as described for the first bearing. The fixing plate (Figure B.1, key 3) is placed into position and the bolts drawn tight to keep the bearings in place. A portion of the lubricating grease, 190 cm3, is placed behind the labyrinth grooves (Figure
49、 B.1, lubricating grease portion D). No lubricating grease is placed in the labyrinth grooves. Another portion of lubricating grease, 700 cm3, is placed against the spacing ring and the bearings (Figure B.1, lubricating grease portion C). The remainder of the lubricating grease, 132 cm3, is placed against the second bearing and fixing plate (Figure B.1, lubricating grease portion A). The axle assembly (i.e. axle fitted with bearings, etc.) is moved to a suitable workbench using the lifting device (see Clause 6, b). The outer laby
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