1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58equipment and components for intended use in potentially explosive atmospheresThe European Standard
2、 EN 15198:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 13.230Methodology for the risk assessment of non-electrical BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15198:2007BS EN 15198:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 97
3、8 0 580 55232 8Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsCompliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15198:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical
4、 Committee FSH/23, Fire precautions in industrial and chemical plant.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applic
5、ation.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15198August 2007ICS 13.230English VersionMethodology for the risk assessment of non-electrical equipmentand components for intended use in potentially explosiveatmospheresMthodes pour lvaluation du risque dinflammation desappareils et des compo
6、sants non lectriques destins tre utiliss en atmosphres explosiblesMethodik zur Risikobewertung fr nicht-elektrische Gerteund Komponenten zur Verwendung inexplosionsgefhrdeten BereichenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Inte
7、rnal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN membe
8、r.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members ar
9、e the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerl
10、and and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1519
11、8:2007: EEN 15198:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 General requirements6 5 Ignition risk assessment Procedure8 6 Documentation.13 Annex A (informative) Example of a reporting scheme for the ignition risk assessment .14
12、 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC 16 Bibliography 18 Figures Figure 1 Ignition risk assessment for design of equipment or component 8 Figure 2 Identification of ignition hazards . 10 Tables Table A.1 Reporting s
13、cheme with cross references to the documentation requirements of Clause 6 . 15 Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 94/9/EC . 16 EN 15198:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15198:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atm
14、ospheres - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be
15、 withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a man
16、date given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 94/9/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal R
17、egulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, N
18、etherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 15198:2007 (E) 4 Introduction The function of this type A standard (description of general principles) as defined in CEN Guide 414 is to describe principles for a consistent syste
19、matic procedure for ignition risk assessment depending on Group II or Group I equipment. Annex A is informative and contains examples for ignition risk assessment. This European Standard does not provide means to prove the conformity of equipment categories. The procedure of ignition risk assessment
20、 for the design of equipment and components lead to a defined safety level which allows categorisation according to the appropriate criteria. It is in both the manufacturers and users interest to establish a common methodology for achieving safety, reliability and efficacy in functioning and operati
21、ng equipment and components with respect to the ignition hazards. Thus, ignition risk assessment is a tool which provides the essential link between manufacturers and users, but only aspects that directly address manufacturers are incorporated. Integrated explosion safety is conceived to prevent the
22、 formation of explosive atmospheres as well as sources of ignition and, should an explosion nevertheless occur, to halt it immediately and / or to limit its effects. In this connection, the manufacturer must take measures with respect to the potential ignition sources. In addition, equipment and com
23、ponent must be designed and constructed after due analysis of possible operating faults in order as far as possible to preclude dangerous situations taking the misuse which can reasonably be anticipated into account. Therefore it is absolutely necessary to conduct an ignition risk assessment process
24、. For the equipment and components the identification of the potential ignition sources is the most relevant part of the ignition risk assessment. EN 15198:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies basic methodology used in achieving safety of equipment for intended use in potentially expl
25、osive atmospheres. The provisions specified in this European Standard are intended for the designer. It also specifies a strategy for standard makers. This European Standard specifies the procedure and information required to allow ignition risk assessment to be carried out for the design of equipme
26、nt or component. This European Standard provides advice for a decision to be made for the categorisation of equipment but does not provide means to prove the conformity of equipment categories. In this procedure the following information is to be taken into account: a) Possible occurrence of an expl
27、osive atmosphere inside the equipment or component or penetrating the equipment or component from the outside (in normal operation or during malfunctions) and the amount of explosive atmosphere involved leading to possible explosion impact inside of the equipment or component; b) equipment or compon
28、ents surrounded by an explosive atmosphere (in normal operation or during malfunctions); c) equipment or components wholly or partly surrounded by an explosive atmosphere considering also any explosive atmosphere in connection (in normal operation or during malfunctions); d) presence and likelihood
29、(effectiveness) of ignition sources. The final objective is designing and manufacturing equipment or components intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres. For this purpose equipment or components if necessary should be designed with adequate preventive and/or protective measures. This Eu
30、ropean Standard specifies neither specific methods of analysis associated with ignition risk assessment, nor specific requirements for a category of equipment. It describes the methodology of ignition risk assessment. This European Standard does not apply to equipment with a potentially explosive at
31、mosphere inside under operating conditions, and without interfaces to an external potentially explosive atmospheres. This European Standard is applicable to all categories of equipment referred to in EN 13463-1. This ignition risk assessment procedure does not preclude the conditions prevailing in a
32、n installation where the equipment or component is put into operation by a user. NOTE Functional safety assessment of protective systems is covered by EN 15233. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, onl
33、y the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1127-1, Explosive atmospheres Explosion prevention and protection Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology EN 15198:2007 (E) 6 EN 1127-2, Explosive atmospheres Expl
34、osion prevention and protection Part 2: Basic concepts and methodology for mining EN 13237:2003, Potentially explosive atmospheres Terms and definitions for equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this documen
35、t, the terms and definitions given in EN 13237:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 ignition risk probability of occurrence of an ignition source that is capable of igniting an explosive atmosphere 3.2 ignition hazard occurrence of a potential ignition source that is capable of igniting an explosive at
36、mosphere 3.3 potential ignition source equipment related ignition source that has the capability to ignite an explosive atmosphere (i.e. to become an effective ignition source) 3.4 protective measure means used to reduce the probability of an ignition source to become effective 3.5 ignition risk est
37、imation determination of the probability of the occurrence of an ignition source 3.6 ignition risk evaluation procedure to determine whether the intended level of protection (related to the equipment category) has been achieved 4 General requirements 4.1 Basic concept Ignition risk assessment is a s
38、eries of logical steps (see Figure 1) that enable designers and safety engineers to examine in a systematic way, the function of an equipment or component arising from its use in a potentially explosive atmosphere and to decide whether protective measures and/or type of protection are needed. The ob
39、jective shall be to achieve an adequate level of safety. Ignition risk assessment includes the following four steps: a) product description: performance, lifetime, configuration (see 5.2), b) identification of ignition hazards (see 5.3), c) ignition risk estimation (see 5.4), d) ignition risk evalua
40、tion (see 5.5). These four steps are the basis for the decision whether the intended safety level is achieved (see 5.6). The result of the assessment shall be detailed in the technical documentation (see Clause 6). EN 15198:2007 (E) 7 If the intended level of protection is not achieved, it shall be
41、necessary after redesign, to reassess the procedure to obtain the correct category or use of suitable protective measures. NOTE The determination of correct categories and the selection of the suitable protective measures is not part of this standard. 4.2 Extent of ignition risk assessment Initially
42、 the boundary or limit of the equipment and/or components must be specified under which the ignition risk assessment has to be carried out. The limit is determined by the extent of explosive atmosphere or the ignition sources which are originated by the considered equipment and/or components. The ig
43、nition risk assessment shall be limited to equipment and/or components and not extended to aspects for which the user is responsible. The extent of the ignition risk assessment, which includes all operations, shall take into account: a) intended use; and b) misuse which can be reasonably anticipated
44、. An ignition risk assessment shall also include the possibility of an explosion inside the equipment and/or components causing an impact on the outside. NOTE Misuse that can be reasonably anticipated indicates incorrect use and/or operation of the equipment and/or components by the operator due to
45、carelessness or misunderstanding. Misuse is not part of the normal operation. Intent is not included in misuse that can reasonably be anticipated. 4.3 Information needed for ignition risk assessment The information needed to perform the ignition risk assessment shall include the following where appr
46、opriate: a) intended use referring to group I or group II and categories 1, 2, 3; b) initial appraisal of the equipment or component; c) materials to be processed (or necessary safety data); d) requirements for maintenance including cleaning; e) design drawings; f) results of design calculations mad
47、e, examinations carried out. If available: g) test reports, if they allow the evaluation of the probability of occurrence and/or the efficiency of ignition sources; h) accident history; i) information on relevant safety aspects. If an accident history is not available for the equipment and/or compon
48、ents, available information for similar equipment and/or components shall be used as it is unlikely that equipment and/or components are so unique that similar equipment and/or components cannot be found. The absence of an accident history, a small EN 15198:2007 (E) 8 number of accidents or low seve
49、rities of accidents shall not be taken as an automatic presumption of a low ignition risk. The information shall be updated as the design develops and modifications are required. For quantitative assessment, data from data bases, handbooks, laboratories and manufacturers specifications shall be used provided that there is confidence in its suitability. Any uncertainty associated with the data shall be recorded in the documentation (see Clause 6). NOTE Data is used to define foreseeable operations requirements re
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