BS EN 15221-6-2011 Facility management Area and space measurement in facility management《设备管理 设备管理的面积和空间测量》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15221-6:2011Facility ManagementPart 6: Area and Space Measurement in Facility ManagementBS EN 15221-6:2011BS EN 15221-6:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational ForewordThis British S

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7、e nulln null0 Nnullnullemnuller 2011nullnullmendments and Corrinullenda issued since punulllicationDate Tenullt anullnullenullted EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROP-ENNE EUROP.ISCHE NORM EN $% 91.140.01 English Version Facility Management - Part 6: Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management Facili

8、ties management - Partie 6: Mesure des surfaces et de lespace en facilities management Facility Management - Teil 6: FlTchenbemessung im Facility Management This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 July 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stip

9、ulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European

10、Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the

11、 national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Sw

12、itzerland and United bingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG M*+*,-.-+/ C-+/1-2 A4-+5- M*1+67 $89 :$; :15-= c 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. E

13、N 15221-6:2011: EEN 15221-6:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3!Common Introduction for the European Standards EN 15221-3, EN 15221-4, EN 15221-5 and EN 15221-6 .4!Introduction to Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management .6!1! Scope 7!2! Normative references 7!3! Terms and definitions .7!4!

14、 Methods and units of measurement 8!4.1! Units 8!4.2! Distance 8!4.3! Area 13!4.4! Volume . 13!5! Framework of area and space measurement of buildings . 13!5.1! General . 13!5.2! Level Area (LA) 16!5.3! Non-functional Level Area (NLA) 18!5.4! Gross Floor Area (GFA) . 19!5.5! Exterior Construction Ar

15、ea (ECA) . 21!5.6! Internal Floor Area (IFA) . 22!5.7! Interior Construction Area (ICA) . 24!5.8! Net Floor Area (NFA) 25!5.9! Partition Wall Area (PWA) 27!5.10! Net Room Area (NRA) . 28!5.11! Technical Area (TA) 30!5.12! Circulation Area (CA) . 32!5.13! Amenity Area (AA) 33!5.14! Primary Area (PA)

16、. 34!6! Area and space measurement outside of buildings . 35!6.1! Additional terminology . 35!6.2! Classification . 37!Annex A (normative) Area Matrix 39!Annex B (normative) Further illustrations 41!B.1! Further illustrations for atria . 41!B.2! Further illustrations for covered areas and uncovered

17、areas . 42!B.3! Vehicle parking area . 43!B.4! Further illustrations for staircases and stairwells 43!B.5! Walls . 44!Annex C (informative) Examples for subcategories to Technical Areas, Circulation Areas, Amenity Areas and Primary Areas 46!Bibliography . 49!BS EN 15221-6:2011EN 15221-6:2011 (E) 3 F

18、oreword This document (EN 15221-6:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 348 “Facility Management”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the la

19、test by April 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN Sand/or CENELECU shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all s

20、uch patent rights. This European Standard is one of the series EN 15221 “Facility Management“ which consists of the following parts: Part 1: Terms and definitions Part 2: Guidance on how to prepare Facility Management agreements Part 3: Guidance on quality in Facility Management Part 4: Taxonomy, Cl

21、assification and Structures in Facility Management Part 5: Guidance on Facility Management processes Part 6: Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management Part 7: Performance Benchmarking According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following cou

22、ntries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slo

23、venia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United ingdom. BS EN 15221-6:2011EN 15221-6:2011 (E) 4 Common Introduction for the European Standards EN 15221-3, EN 15221-4, EN 15221-5 and EN 15221-6 In 2002 the initiative was taken to establish a European Standard for Facility Management benchmarking pur

24、poses. It was soon recognized that to reach this objective, preliminary standards had to be elaborated and published. The first result of that process was the standards EN 15221-1:2006 and EN 15221-2:2006. Based on the discussions in the development of those two standards the decision was made to de

25、velop four new European Standards for Quality, Taxonomy, Processes and Measurement. After the realization of those six standards it was possible to pursue developing a European Standard for Benchmarking prEN 15221-7. The standards, EN 15221-3, EN 15221-4, EN 15221-5 and EN 15221-6 have been develope

26、d, adopted and agreed as a set of principles, underlying the Facility Management approach on EN 15221-1, to ensure consistency. These are incorporated in the basic principles of a process-based management system, upon which these standards are founded. The FM-model of EN 15221-1 is shown below. Mode

27、l EN 15221-1:2006 These standards also build on widely accepted management principles, in particular value chain (Porter, M E, (1985), “Competitive Advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance“, Free Press, New York) and quality control (PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act). Deming, W E (1986), “O

28、ut of the Crisis“, MIT, Cambridge). Reference to ISO 10014:2006, Quality management K Guidelines for realizing financial and economic benefits. D E M A N D SPECIFYINGS L A s S U P P L Y D E L I V E R I N G STRATEGIC TACTICAL OPERATIONAL Client Customer End User O R G A N I S A T I O N PROVI DERInter

29、naland / orexternalPRIMARYPROCESSES SUPPORT PROCESSES PIsFACILITY SERVICES PRIMARYACTIVITIESFacility Management Agreement Client Customer ser or / and PRIMARY PROCESSES - PRIMARY Facility Manage nt agreement BS EN 15221-6:2011EN 15221-6:2011 (E) 5 The principles of the Deming cycle (PDCA) underpin a

30、ll of the standards but are applied to a different extent and depth in each. In fact, there are different types of PDCA cycles depending of the term (e.g. long-term, short-term). These standards align to EN ISO 9000 family of standards for Quality Management Systems and applies specific guidance on

31、the concepts and use of a process-based approach to management systems to the field of Facility Management. The term “facility services“ is used as a generic description in the standards. The term “standardized facility products“ refers to the “standardized facility services“ defined and described i

32、n EN 15221-4, Facility Management K Part 4: Taxonomy, Classification and Structures in Facility Management. Countries can decide to substitute the term “product“ into “service“, when they consider that it is important for a good acceptance and use of the standards in their own country. The aim of al

33、l the standards is to provide guidance to Facility Management (FM) organizations on the development and improvement of their FM processes to support the primary activities. This will support organizational development, innovation and improvement and will form a foundation for the further professiona

34、l development of FM and its advancement in Europe. Therefore, generic examples are provided in the standard to assist organizations. These standards lay the foundation of the work that has to be done further more in developing Facility Management, for e.g. benchmark standards prEN 15221-7. BS EN 152

35、21-6:2011EN 15221-6:2011 (E) 6 Introduction to Area and Space Measurement in Facility Management In order to support a consistent European approach to Facility Management, this document provides a constructive framework with clear terms, definitions and principles for measuring floor areas and space

36、s in buildings, not least a common language amongst all stakeholders in the entire construction industry. The need for a harmonised European approach to “area and space measurement“ is evidenced by the fact that many European countries currently use different rules and definitions for assessing buil

37、ding floor areas. Subsequently, space measurement data from different countries is difficult to interpret and data comparisons are most likely to be inaccurate. It is this comparability of data which is eminently important for a wide range of decision-makers, such as planners and architects, economi

38、sts and investors, owners and tenants, politicians and administrators, etc. Recent research by the European Committee of Construction Economists (CEEC) highlighted the fact that all European countries use similar elements for measuring floor areas in buildings. The way these components are grouped a

39、nd coded, however, differs vastly between various countries. Subsequently, comparisons between the Net Internal Area of an U building as measured by RICS with the Net Enclosed Area (Netto-Grundfliche) of a German building as measured by DIN or the Net Floor Area (Netto Vloeroppervlakte) of a Dutch b

40、uilding as measured by NEN are highly misleading as the floor areas are measured differently. In short, the fact that measuring specific floor areas in one and the same building using different national standards result in variations up to 30 % clearly highlights the need for a harmonised European a

41、pproach to “area and space measurement“. BS EN 15221-6:2011EN 15221-6:2011 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard establishes a common basis for planning and design, area and space management, financial assessment, as well as a tool for benchmarking in the field of Facility Management. This standard c

42、overs area and space measurement for existing owned or leased buildings as well as buildings in state of planning or development. This standard presents a framework for measuring floor areas within buildings and areas outside of buildings. In addition, it contains clear terms and definitions as well

43、 as methods for measuring horizontal areas and volumes in buildings and/or parts of buildings, independent of their function. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For un

44、dated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15221-1:2006, Facility Management N Part 1: Terms and definitions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15221-1:2006 and the following app

45、ly. 3.1 distance numerical expression of a one-dimensional figure, measured along the shortest line linking two points 3.2 area numerical expression of a two-dimensional surface, calculated mostly as the product of two distance measures 3.3 volume numerical expression of a three-dimensional concept,

46、 calculated mostly as the product of all three distance measures 3.4 space area or volume bounded actually or theoretically Ssee ISO 6707-1U 3.5 floor generally the lower horizontal structure of a room which constitutes the bounding element of a building or part thereof 3.6 ceiling generally the upp

47、er horizontal surface of a room BS EN 15221-6:2011EN 15221-6:2011 (E) 8 3.7 roof covering structure which constitutes the top level of a building or part thereof 3.8 wall generally vertical structure which constitutes the bounding elements of a building or part thereof NOTE It is distinguished betwe

48、en both structural walls and non-structural walls as well as exterior and interior walls (see B.5): A Structural walls support floors or roofs and/or ensure structural integrity B Non-structural walls are intended to divide/separate space only 1 Exterior walls divide/separate inside rooms from the o

49、utside 2 Interior walls divide/separate inside rooms only Combinations of the above are possible (e.g. interior walls can be structural and exterior walls can be non-structural). 3.9 room part of a building, entirely or partially bounded by dividing elements and whose floor and/or ceiling forms part of the construction of the building, accessible to people 3.10 building undivided shelter comprising a space entirely or partially bounded by enclosing structures, intended for specific purposes for its occupants 4 Methods and units of measurement 4.1 Units The units of me