1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15323:2007 BS 2000-551:2007Bitumen and bituminous binders Accelerated long-term ageing/conditioning by the rotating cylinder method (RCAT)The European Standard EN 15323:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 75.140; 91.100.50g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g
2、56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15323:2007This British Standard was published unde
3、r the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 June 2007 BSI and Energy Institute 2007ISBN 978 0 580 53011 1National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN 15323:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technic
4、al Committee PTI/13, Petroleum testing and terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Energy Institute, under the brand of IP, publishes and sells all Parts of BS 2000, and all BS EN petroleum test methods that would be Part of BS 20
5、00, both in its annual publication “Standard methods for analysis and testing of petroleum and related products and British Standard 2000 Parts” and individually.Further information is available from:Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London W1G 7AR.Tel: 020 7467 7100. Fax: 020 7255 1472.Thi
6、s publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, n
7、a, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15323April 2007ICS 91.100.50English VersionBitumen and bituminous binders - Accelerated long-termageing/conditioning by the rotating cylinder method (RCAT)Bitumes et liants bitumineux -
8、Vieillissement/conditionnement long-terme acclr par lamthode du cylindre tournant (RCAT)Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - BeschleunigteLangzeit-Alterung mit dem Verfahren mit rotierendemZylinder (RCAT)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2007.CEN members are bound to comp
9、ly with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Managemen
10、t Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theoffi
11、cial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slove
12、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN natio
13、nal Members.Ref. No. EN 15323:2007: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15323:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle5 5 Apparatus .5 6 Procedure .7 7 Precision.9 8 Report
14、.10 Annex A (normative) Short-term ageing/conditioning with the RCAT device (RCAT163).16 Annex B (normative) Preparation of a mastic sample to be aged in the RCAT device .18 Annex C (informative) Inspections and verifications 19 Bibliography 21 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00
15、:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15323:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15323:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publi
16、cation of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2007. This European Standard is based upon documents 1, 2 and 3, referenced in Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,
17、 the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
18、 Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15323:2007 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies an accelerated ageing/conditioning procedure
19、for bitumen, bituminous binders and bituminous mastics. The procedure involves rotating cylinder ageing (RCA), i.e binder ageing at moderate temperatures in a large cylinder rotating in an oven under oxygen flow conditions. Prior to long-term ageing with this method, samples are prepared in the cond
20、ition they would be applied to the road. This method is also applicable to modified binders and bituminous mastics. NOTE For binders used in hot asphalt applications pre-conditioning of the sample would typically be by one of the methods given in EN 12607-1 or EN 12607-2 or directly in the RCAT cyli
21、nder to an equivalent ageing level. For binders used in bituminous emulsion and cut-back application, stabilising the sample would typically be by methods given in EN 14895. For bituminous emulsion, stabilising the sample can also be realised directly in the RCAT cylinder under a nitrogen flow (quan
22、tity-temperature-time have still to be experienced). WARNING Use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment, in particular, the use of a flow of oxygen as ageing atmosphere. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use.
23、It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. If there is a likelihood that more than 1 % mass fraction in a binder of volatile components is present, this procedure m
24、ust not be used. 2 Normative references The following referenced standards are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
25、EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders Preparation of test samples EN 12607-1, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of the resistance to hardening under the influence of heat and air Part 1: RTFOT method EN 12607-2, Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of the resistance to hardenin
26、g under the influence of heat and air Part 2: TFOT method EN 14895, Bitumen and bituminous binders Stabilisation of binder from bituminous emulsions or from cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.
27、1 rotating cylinder ageing test RCAT ageing procedure performed using a rotating cylinder 3.2 short-term ageing/conditioning conditioning a binder undergoes during the method described in EN 12607-1 and EN 12607-2 or directly in the rotating cylinder to an equivalent level of ageing Licensed Copy: W
28、ang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15323:2007 (E) 5 NOTE 1 Short-term ageing/conditioning simulates the hardening which a bituminous binder undergoes during the mixing in an asphalt mixing plant NOTE 2 See Annex A 3.3 stabilisation conditioning of the binde
29、rs from bituminous emulsions, cut-back or fluxed bitumen to produce residual binders to further determine their characteristics NOTE E.g. the procedure described in EN 14895 3.4 long-term ageing ageing that the binder undergoes during its service life 3.5 accelerated long-term ageing conditioning si
30、mulated long-term ageing that the binder undergoes during the accelerated rotating cylinder ageing procedure. NOTE 1 In the case of hot-mix asphalt binders the long-term ageing is carried out on binders that have already been conditioned through short-term ageing/conditioning. NOTE 2 In the case of
31、bituminous emulsions or cut-back or fluxed bitumen the long-term ageing is carried out on binders that have already been conditioned through the stabilisation procedure 3.6 mastic homogenous mixture of filler and bituminous binder NOTE 1 The mixture can be prepared directly in the rotating cylinder
32、NOTE 2 See Annex B 4 Principle A rotating film of binder is heated to a specified temperature under a specified rotation speed and under a specified oxygen flow for a given period of time. This is to simulate the changes that occur to the binder during service (pavement or other bituminous applicati
33、ons, e.g. roofing).The standard procedure is RCAT90 as described in Subclause 6.4. For other purposes, e.g. research, other conditions may be used. The effects of this ageing procedure are evaluated on the residual binder after the test. However, as samples can be taken at intermediate exposure time
34、s, the ageing process can be monitored on the basis of a kinetic approach. NOTE Ageing of binders during service is affected by ambient temperature and air pressure as well as by mixture-associated variables such as volumetric mixture proportions, mixture permeability, aggregate properties and other
35、 factors. This procedure is intended to provide an evaluation of the relative ageing behaviour of binders under specified conditions, but cannot account entirely for mixture variables or provide relative resistance to ageing at in-service conditions. 5 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus and glassw
36、are, together with the following: 5.1 Test system comprised of a cylinder with a grooved inner roller, an oxygen supply system with flow control devices, a forceddraft oven equipped with an appropriate outlet for the evacuation of volatile Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2
37、007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15323:2007 (E) 6 components and placed under an appropriate hood, temperature control/measuring devices, a temperature measuring apparatus and preferably, a temperature recording device (Figure 1). 5.2 Testing cylinder of stainless steel construction (Figure 2), wit
38、h a volume of 3,7 l. The cylinder shall be closed at one end and be fitted with a removable screw-on closure at the other. An effective seal is provided by a heat- and solvent-resistant flat rubber gasket. The removable closure has a central orifice 42 mm to 43 mm in diameter through which it is pos
39、sible to take small test samples at predetermined intervals (“exposure times“). During testing this opening is fitted with a PTFE plug (type 1) as illustrated in Figure 3. A long stainless steel tube is inserted through the opening in this plug to provide an oxygen atmosphere (Figure 4). 5.3 Grooved
40、 solid stainless steel roller 34 mm in diameter (Figure 2) making a gravity-induced rotating movement about its axis inside the rotating cylinder. This roller is fitted at both ends with a rim 3,5 mm thick and 40 mm in diameter. Using this roller, the binder in the cylinder is constantly pressed and
41、 distributed against the inner wall of the cylinder. As a result, the bitumen surface exposed to oxygen is constantly renewed and remixed with the bulk of the mass of binder. 5.4 Drive mechanism rotating the testing cylinder about its axis on two round drive bars in a ventilated oven. The mechanism
42、is such that the cylinder makes one revolution per minute (1 0,05) r/min. 5.5 Forced-draft oven to be used with 5.2, 5.3 and 5.4, capable of bringing the oven temperature to the desired ageing temperature 0,5 C, as recorded by a suitable thermometer, within 1 h and maintaining the temperature of the
43、 binder inside the cylinder at the ageing temperature 0,5 C. The oven is thermostatically controllable by a control and measuring device with a reading to 0,1 C. The oven shall have interior dimensions 480 mm x 380 mm x 500 mm (width x height x depth) 20 mm and a protected cylindrical fan that is ab
44、le to efficiently homogenize the temperature of the air. The temperature in the oven shall be set very accurately (between 70 C and 95 C, depending on the test). It must remain constant to within 0,5 C during the procedure. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS The ageing procedure operates at high temperatures and wi
45、th a slow flow of oxygen. All safety guidelines issued by the equipment manufacturer must be followed. 5.6 Pressure reducer fitted with a pressure gauge adjustable between 0 MPa and 0,5 MPa (5 bar) with 0,01 MPa subdivisions. If possible, the pressure reducer should be fitted with a sensitive excess
46、 flow valve. Otherwise, a general control needle valve shall be used to limit oxygen flow to approximately 10 l/h in case of a break in the oxygen line. 5.7 Oxygen temperature safety break valve which prevents oxygen flow when the temperature in the oven exceeds 105 C during the ageing procedure whe
47、n operating with oxygen. 5.8 Oxygen flow meter that can be adjusted over a measuring range of 0 l/h to 10 l/h with 0,5 l/h subdivisions. The rate of this flow shall be (4,5 0,5) l/h. 5.9 Spiral-shaped stainless steel tube (2 m to 3 m long, 6 mm to 6,35 mm in diameter, approximately 1 mm in wall thic
48、kness) to preheat the oxygen as it passes through and before it is released into the cylinder. 5.10 Temperature probe accurate to 0,1 C, for measuring the temperature inside the cylinder when calibrating the device (Annex C). The thermometer shall be calibrated to an accuracy of 0,1 C at appropriate
49、 intervals. This thermometer (or a second one) may also be used to monitor the temperature of the oven. NOTE A Resistance Thermal Detector (RTD) has been found to be suitable. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, na, Fri Sep 21 02:37:54 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 15323:2007 (E) 7 5.11 Temperature recording device with a data acquisition system, capable of recording the temperature throughout the test to 0,1 C. 5.12 Balance capable of weighing 10,0 kg to an accuracy of 0,1 g. 5.13 Multi purpose oven(s) capable of maintaining
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