1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15759-1:2011Conservation of culturalproperty Indoor climatePart 1: Guidelines for heating churches,chapels and other places of worshipBS EN 15759-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNat
2、ional forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15759-1:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/560, Conservation of tangible cultural heritage.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secreta
3、ry.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 60908 4ICS 91.040.10; 97.195Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was pu
4、blished under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15759-1:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15759-1 November 2011 ICS 97.195 English Version Conservation of cultural property
5、 - Indoor climate - Part 1: Guidelines for heating churches, chapels and other places of worship Conservation des biens culturels - Environnement intrieur - Partie 1 : Recommandations pour le chauffage des glises, chapelles et autres difices cultuels Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Raumklima - Tei
6、l 1: Leitfden fr die Beheizung von Andachtssttten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 October 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alt
7、eration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language ma
8、de by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Esto
9、nia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EURO
10、PISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15759-1:2011: EBS EN 15759-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4Introduction .51 Sc
11、ope 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions .64 General aspects to be considered before and during the application of the standard 84.1 Overall objective of any intervention .84.2 The individual character of the building .84.3 Professional support .84.4 The effect of installations .84.5 Sus
12、tainability and energy efficiency .85 Assessment of building, interiors and contents 85.1 Building structure and its condition 85.2 Building interiors and contents 95.3 Use of the building.95.4 Air exchange 96 Specification for indoor climate .96.1 Determine the appropriate indoor climate 96.2 Estab
13、lish the historic indoor climate 106.3 Indoor climate specification for conservation . 106.3.1 General . 106.3.2 Relative humidity 106.3.3 Temperature 106.3.4 Air movement 116.4 Indoor climate specification for thermal comfort 116.4.1 General . 116.4.2 Relative humidity 116.4.3 Temperature 116.4.4 A
14、ir movement 116.5 Compromise between thermal comfort and conservation . 117 Heating strategies . 127.1 Choice of heating strategy . 127.2 Basic strategies 127.2.1 No heating . 127.2.2 Conservation heating . 137.2.3 Heating for thermal comfort 137.3 Distribution in space 137.3.1 General heating . 137
15、.3.2 Local heating . 137.4 Distribution in time . 137.4.1 Continuous heating 137.4.2 Intermittent heating 147.4.3 Mixed mode heating . 148 Heating systems and their application . 148.1 Warm-air heating. 148.1.1 General . 148.1.2 Centralised warm-air heating system . 148.1.3 Decentralised warm-air he
16、ating system . 148.1.4 Application 15BS EN 15759-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 3 8.1.5 Thermal comfort 158.1.6 Conservation 158.2 Infrared heating . 158.2.1 General . 158.2.2 IR heating from gas combustion . 158.2.3 IR heating from electric tubular and halogen quartz heaters . 168.2.4 Thermal comfort 16
17、8.2.5 Conservation 168.2.6 Application . 168.3 Radiators 168.3.1 General . 168.3.2 Thermal comfort 168.3.3 Conservation 168.3.4 Application . 168.4 Wall heating through pipes mounted in or on the inside of the walls . 178.4.1 General . 178.4.2 Thermal comfort 178.4.3 Conservation 178.4.4 Application
18、 . 178.5 Under floor heating . 178.5.1 General . 178.5.2 Thermal comfort 178.5.3 Conservation 178.5.4 Application . 188.6 Pew heating 188.6.1 General . 188.6.2 Thermal comfort 188.6.3 Conservation 188.6.4 Application . 188.6.5 Pew heating systems 189 Implementation 1910 Evaluation. 2011 Comments on
19、the application of this standard 20Annex A (informative) Flow chart giving an overview of the standard . 21Bibliography 22BS EN 15759-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15759-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346 “Conservation of cultural property”, the secr
20、etariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2012. Attention is drawn to th
21、e possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following count
22、ries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slove
23、nia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15759-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 5 Introduction Churches, chapels and other places of worship such as mosques and synagogues (referred to collectively in the text of this standard as “places of worship”) are an important part of European c
24、ultural heritage. The buildings and their interiors, containing cultural heritage objects, are documents of our heritage that society agrees need to be preserved for present and future generations. The indoor climate is a critical factor in conserving the fabric of buildings and the objects they hou
25、se. This European Standard is motivated by the need to reflect the special characteristics of places of worship, conditions which are not addressed in standards for the heating of other kinds of buildings. The defining characteristics of these buildings are their construction (often early building t
26、echniques); the fact that they were not designed as living or working spaces; their intermittent use; and the vulnerability of their surface decoration and contents. Originally, most historic places of worship had little or no heating. Nowadays, buildings in cold climate regions may be heated in ord
27、er to: a) provide thermal comfort for worshippers, staff and visitors (referred collectively in this text as “users”); b) improve the indoor climate conditions for the conservation of the building and its contents; c) achieve a combination of (a) and (b) in buildings where both conservation and ther
28、mal comfort have to be considered. The conventional climate requirements for thermal comfort can sometimes be in conflict with the requirements for conservation and may therefore call for compromise. A decision on changing or replacing the heating system in a place of worship generally depends on a
29、variety of factors: the pattern of use of the building (e.g. frequency, numbers of users, opening hours for visitors), its liturgical uses, the significance, condition, and vulnerability of the building and its often valuable contents, thermal comfort of the users, costs (installation, operation and
30、 maintenance), energy efficiency and sustainability, visual and audible impact, aesthetics, impact on the building structure, safety, and national laws and regulations. This standard provides guidelines in order to facilitate the best possible decision on behalf of the end users. The standard is div
31、ided into the following steps: a) assessment of the building, its interior and contents; b) determine an indoor climate specification with respect to conservation and thermal comfort; c) determine an appropriate heating strategy; d) select and design an appropriate heating system; e) implement the p
32、roposed changes; f) evaluate the effectiveness of the heating system with respect to the specification. This is the first standard in a series of standards on indoor climate and climate control in cultural heritage buildings. The air exchange of a building has a fundamental influence on its indoor c
33、limate and climate control; general considerations are given in Clause 5. Ventilation will be dealt with fully in the second part of the series of standards on indoor climate in cultural heritage buildings, prEN 15759-2, Conservation of cultural property Indoor climate Part 2: Ventilation. BS EN 157
34、59-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard provides guidelines for the selection of heating strategies and heating systems in churches, chapels and other places of worship such as mosques and synagogues, in order to prevent damage to cultural property while at the same time creati
35、ng an indoor climate that allows for a sustainable use of these buildings. It applies to most kinds of places of worship regardless of size and construction. This European Standard applies not only to the introduction of new heating systems but also to the replacement of old ones. This European Stan
36、dard applies to buildings that are part of cultural heritage or that house cultural heritage objects. This European Standard deals with indoor climate conditions, heating strategies and technical solutions for their implementation but not with the technical equipment itself. 2 Normative references T
37、he following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15757, Conservation of Cultural Property Specif
38、ications for temperature and relative humidity to limit climate-induced mechanical damage in organic hygroscopic materials EN 15758, Conservation of Cultural Property Procedures and instruments for measuring temperatures of the air and the surfaces of objects prEN 160951), Conservation of cultural p
39、roperty Condition report of movable heritage Visual inspection and description of the condition of movable heritage prEN 160961), Conservation of cultural property Condition survey of immovable heritage prEN 162421),Conservation of cultural property Procedures and instruments for measuring humidity
40、in the air and moisture exchanges between air and cultural property EN ISO 7730, Ergonomics of the thermal environment Analytical determination and interpretation of thermal comfort using calculation of the PMV and PPD indices and local thermal comfort criteria (ISO 7730:2005) EN ISO 11079:2007, Erg
41、onomics of the thermal environment Determination and interpretation of cold stress when using required clothing insulation (IREQ) and local cooling effects (ISO 11079:2007) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 climate statistics of
42、 temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, and other meteorological elements in a given location over a long period of time 3.2 preservation heating heating used to improve the indoor climate for conservation purposes 1) Under publication. BS EN 15759-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 7 3
43、.3 continuous heating permanent heating of a building throughout the cold period of the year 3.4 cultural heritage tangible and intangible entities of significance to present and future generations 3.5 dew point temperature to which humid air must be cooled for water vapour to condense into liquid w
44、ater 3.6 general heating heating of the whole building volume 3.7 historic climate description of the climate over a representative period of time 3.8 indoor climate climate inside a room or a building 3.9 intermittent heating heating of a building operated for limited periods of time 3.10 local hea
45、ting heating a limited space in the building 3.11 microclimate climate in part of a building or a room where the climate differs from the surrounding climate 3.12 mixed mode heating combination of continuous and intermittent heating, where the building is continually kept at a low temperature and he
46、ated to a higher temperature only when it is used 3.13 natural indoor climate indoor climate of a building without heating, forced ventilation or any other kind of active climate control 3.14 outdoor climate climate outside of a building 3.15 target range of RH variations range of RH variations that
47、 must be maintained to avoid climate induced damages 3.16 thermal comfort state of mind that expresses satisfaction with the surrounding environment 3.17 thermal stratification vertical layering of air temperatures in a building BS EN 15759-1:2011EN 15759-1:2011 (E) 8 4 General aspects to be conside
48、red before and during the application of the standard 4.1 Overall objective of any intervention The reason for a proposed intervention shall be clearly defined with respect to the conservation and use of the building. As long as the historic indoor climate is not causing any damage, it need not nece
49、ssarily be altered unless change in use or other requirements make it necessary. Heating is not an objective in itself. 4.2 The individual character of the building This European Standard is based on the notion that places of worship in general share enough common characteristics for a standard to be meaningful. On the other hand, it recognizes that the control of the indoor climate of eac
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