1、BS EN 15852:2010ICS 13.040.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDAmbient air quality Standard method forthe determination oftotal gaseous mercuryThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30
2、June2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 61501 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 15852:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15852:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/3, Ambient atmospheres.A
3、 list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom lega
4、l obligations.BS EN 15852:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15852 June 2010 ICS 13.040.20 English Version Ambient air quality - Standard method for the determination of total gaseous mercury Qualit de lair ambiant - Mthode normalise pour la dtermination du mercure gazeux total
5、 Auenluftbeschaffenheit - Standardisiertes Verfahren zur Bestimmung des gesamten gasfrmigen Quecksilbers This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 May 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standar
6、d the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
7、German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cy
8、prus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
9、COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15852:2010: EBS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page
10、Foreword 41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Symbols and abbreviated terms 84.1 Symbols 84.2 Abbreviations 115 Principle . 116 Requirements 126.1 Siting criteria . 126.2 Method requirements . 126.3 Method detection limit 126.4 Field operation and quality control . 127 Reage
11、nts 128 Apparatus 138.1 Sampling equipment 138.2 Analytical instrumentation . 138.3 Calibration equipment 139 Sampling considerations . 149.1 Inlet location 149.2 Sampling inlet and sampling line 149.3 Measurement time 1510 Measurement procedure 1610.1 Calibration with AFS/AAS 1610.2 Calibration wit
12、h Zeeman AAS 1711 Quality control . 1711.1 Calibration robustness check . 1711.2 Zero gas check 1811.3 Degradation of gold traps 1811.4 Proficiency testing scheme . 1811.5 Accreditation . 1811.6 Measurement uncertainty 1812 Calculation of results . 1812.1 General . 1812.2 Calculation of TGM concentr
13、ations to reference conditions . 1912.3 Method detection limit 2012.4 Repeatability 2012.5 Drift in instrument sensitivity 2113 Estimation of the measurement uncertainty method and performance criteria 2113.1 Introduction . 2113.2 Assessment against target measurement uncertainty for individual labo
14、ratories . 2213.3 Use of uncertainties in reporting of results . 2314 Performance characteristics determined in field tests . 2415 Interferences . 24BS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 3 15.1 General . 2415.2 Mercury analyser based on amalgamation and CVAAS or CVAFS 2415.3 Mercury analyser based on Ze
15、eman AAS . 2516 Reporting of results 25Annex A (informative) Sampling sites 26Annex B (informative) Manual method TGM 27Annex C (informative) Summary of field validation tests . 29Annex D (informative) Characteristics of the mercury vapour source 34Annex E (informative) Calibration . 37Annex F (info
16、rmative) Assessment against target uncertainty by an individual laboratory . 38Annex G (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directives 44Bibliography 45BS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15852:2010) has been prepar
17、ed by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall
18、 be withdrawn at the latest by December 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a
19、mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Sta
20、ndard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the Unite
21、d Kingdom. BS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a standard method for determining total gaseous mercury (TGM) in ambient air using cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS), or cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS). This European Standa
22、rd is applicable to background sites that are in accordance with the requirements of Directive 2004/107/EC and to urban and industrial sites. The performance characteristics of the method have been determined in comparative field validation tests carried out at four European locations: two backgroun
23、d and two industrial sites. The method was tested for two months at each site over a period of twelve months using automated equipment currently used in Europe for determination of TGM in ambient air. The working range of the method covers the range of ambient air concentrations from those found at
24、background sites, typically less than 2 ng/m3, up to those found at industrial sites where higher concentrations are expected. A maximum daily average up to 300 ng/m3was measured during the field trials. Results are reported as the average mass of TGM per volume of air at 293,15 K and 101,325 kPa, m
25、easured over a specified time period, in nanograms per cubic metre.2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced docu
26、ment (including any amendments) applies. ENV 13005, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurementCR 14377, Air quality Approach to uncertainty estimation for ambient air reference measurement methodsEN ISO 20988, Air quality Guidelines for estimating measurement uncertainty (ISO 20988:2007)
27、ISO 5725-2:1994, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results Part 2: Basic method for the determination of the trueness of a standard measurement method ISO 8573-1:2010, Compressed air Part 1: Contaminants and purity classes 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this d
28、ocument, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 ambient air outdoor air in the troposphere, excluding workplace air 3.2 calibration operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measu
29、rement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for obtaining a measurement result from an indication BS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 6 NOTE 1 A calibration may be expressed by a statement
30、, calibration function, calibration diagram, calibration curve, or calibration table. In some cases, it may consist of an additive or multiplicative correction of the indication with associated measurement uncertainty. NOTE 2 Calibration should not be confused with adjustment of a measuring system,
31、often mistakenly called “self-calibration“, nor with verification of calibration. NOTE 3 Often, the first step alone in the above definition is perceived as being calibration ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). 3.3 combined standard measurement uncertainty standard measurement uncertainty that is obtained
32、using the individual standard measurement uncertainties associated with the input quantities in a measurement model NOTE In case of correlations of input quantities in a measurement model, covariances should also be taken into account when calculating the combined standard measurement uncertainty IS
33、O/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). 3.4 coverage factor number larger than one by which a combined standard measurement uncertainty is multiplied to obtain an expanded measurement uncertainty NOTE A coverage factor is usually symbolized k ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). 3.5 detection limit measured quantity val
34、ue for which the probability of falsely claiming the absence of a component in a material is , given a probability of falsely claiming its presence NOTE IUPAC recommends default values for and equal to 0,05. 3.6 expanded standard measurement uncertainty product of a combined standard measurement unc
35、ertainty and a factor larger than the number one NOTE 1 The factor depends upon the type of probability distribution of the output quantity in a measurement model and on the selected coverage probability. NOTE 2 The term “factor“ in this definition refers to a coverage factor. NOTE 3 Expanded measur
36、ement uncertainty is termed “overall uncertainty“ in paragraph 5 of Recommendation INC-1 (1980) (see the GUM) and simply “uncertainty“ in IEC documents ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). NOTE 4 For the purpose of this document the expanded uncertainty is the combined standard uncertainty multiplied by a c
37、overage factor k = 2 resulting in an interval with a level of confidence of 95 %. 3.7 measurement repeatability measurement precision under a set of repeatability conditions of measurement ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM) 3.8 measurement reproducibility measurement precision under reproducibility conditi
38、ons of measurement NOTE Relevant statistical terms are given in ISO 5725-1:1994 and ISO 5725-2:1994 ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). BS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 7 3.9 measurement time length of time over which the measurement instrumentation produces a single concentration value, during normal ope
39、ration NOTE 1 For “trap and desorb“ instruments this will be the time period air is sampled across the gold trap prior to each thermal desorption cycle analysis; for direct measurement instruments this will be the time period in which the absorbance is averaged to produce a single value. NOTE 2 Meas
40、urement times during the field trial campaign ranged from 30 s to 30 min. 3.10 measurement uncertainty non-negative parameter characterizing the dispersion of the quantity values being attributed to a measurand, based on the information used NOTE 1 Measurement uncertainty includes components arising
41、 from systematic effects, such as components associated with corrections and the assigned quantity values of measurement standards, as well as the definitional uncertainty. Sometimes estimated systematic effects are not corrected for but, instead, associated measurement uncertainty components are in
42、corporated. NOTE 2 The parameter may be, for example, a standard deviation called standard measurement uncertainty (or a specified multiple of it), or the half-width of an interval, having a stated coverage probability ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). 3.11 method detection limit lowest amount of an anal
43、yte that is detectable using the method, as determined by sampling and analysis of zero gas 3.12 monitoring period time period over which monitoring is intended to take place, defined in terms of the time and date of the start and end of the period 3.13 monitoring station (for mercury) enclosure loc
44、ated in the field in which an analyser has been installed to monitor TGM concentrations 3.14 monitoring time length of time over which monitoring is intended to take place NOTE For example: an instrument measured TGM using a measurement time of 15 min, over a sampling time of 30 days (producing 2 88
45、0 data points). The monitoring period was from 0001 h on 1 April 2008 to 0001 h on 1 May 2008. 3.15 reference conditions ambient temperature of 293,15 K and pressure of 101,325 kPa 3.16 repeatability condition of measurement condition of measurement, out of a set of conditions that includes the same
46、 measurement procedure, same operators, same measuring system, same operating conditions and same location, and replicate measurements on the same or similar objects over a short period of time NOTE 1 A condition of measurement is a repeatability condition only with respect to a specified set of rep
47、eatability conditions. BS EN 15852:2010EN 15852:2010 (E) 8 NOTE 2 In chemistry, the term “intra-serial precision condition of measurement“ is sometimes used to designate this concept ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). 3.17 reproducibility condition of measurement condition of measurement, out of a set of
48、conditions that includes different locations, operators, measuring systems, and replicate measurements on the same or similar objects NOTE 1 The different measuring systems may use different measurement procedures. NOTE 2 A specification should give the conditions changed and unchanged, to the exten
49、t practical ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM). 3.18 sampling inlet entrance to the sampling system where ambient air is taken from the atmosphere 3.19 standard uncertainty measurement uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007 (VIM) 3.20 total gaseous mercury TGM elemental mercury vapour (Hg0) and reactive gaseous merc
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