BS EN 15975-1-2011 Security of drinking water supply Guidelines for risk and crisis management Crisis management《饮用水供应安全 风险和危机管理导则 危机管理》.pdf

1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15975-1:2011Security of drinking watersupply Guidelines for riskand crisis managementPart 1: Crisis managementLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2

2、011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15975-1:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/504/-/15, Water Supply: Crisis Management.A list of organizations r

3、epresented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 67967 4ICS 13.060.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confe

4、r immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)

5、 BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15975-1 March 2011 ICS 13.060.20 English Version Security of drinking water supply - Guidelines for risk and crisis management - Part 1: Crisis management Scurit de lalimentation en eau potable - Lignes directrices pour la ge

6、stion de risque et de crise - Partie 1: Gestion de crise Sicherheit der Trinkwasserversorgung - Leitlinien fr das Risiko- und Krisenmanagement - Teil 1: Krisenmanagement This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 February 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regu

7、lations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memb

8、er. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. C

9、EN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,

10、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nation

11、al Members. Ref. No. EN 15975-1:2011: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Terms and definitions .53 Fundamentals of crisis management 64 Preparedn

12、ess for crisis 135 Coordinated response to crisis . 156 Recovery from crisis 157 Lessons learned 16Annex A (informative) Examples of crisis management control room configuration and equipment 17Annex B (informative) Recommendations on qualification of personnel 19Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANG

13、E CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15975-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the sta

14、tus of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th

15、e subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The second part of the guidelines for risk and crisis management will describe risk management procedures to ensure a stable and secure drinking water supply. The elaboration o

16、f this European Standard has been financially supported by the EC and the CIPS Program (Grant Agreement JLS/2008/CIPS/AG/CEN-002). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria

17、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. License

18、d Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 4 Introduction This guideline has been developed by Working Group 15 “Security of drinking water” of CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”. This guideline describes the fundamentals

19、of crisis management, including relevant recommendations for drinking water suppliers, and offers examples drawn from disaster and crisis management organisations within the relevant contributing national authorities. Drinking water suppliers should have at their disposal appropriate equipment, suff

20、iciently qualified personnel and reliable quality assurance measures. They should be organised in such a way as to ensure their services are provided in a safe, reliable, environmentally friendly and economical manner under normal supply conditions. The existence of an effective and efficient risk m

21、anagement system will support any organisations crisis management process. Guidelines on risk management regarding the security of drinking water supply exist in a separate document (prEN 15975-2) in development. Extremely rarely however, certain situations occur that drinking water suppliers may no

22、t be able to control without significant third-party assistance and the involvement of the relevant authorities. These situations are difficult to forecast and, therefore, impossible to make detailed provisions for. They are characterised by an absence of, or the presence of ambiguous, information a

23、nd high risk with severe potential consequences. The situations degree of complexity due to the involvement and interaction of different players and its high degree of intrinsic dynamics make it difficult to control. Key personnel involved may suffer from a high degree of pressure regarding decision

24、-making, time and justification requirements while having at their disposal only a limited number of resources. Internal and external communications may work unsatisfactorily or not at all. Decisions need to take appropriate account of the specific circumstances of the crisis and the key objectives

25、for restoration of normal water supply services. These guidelines have been developed by CEN to support that aim. The objectives of these guidelines are to enable the drinking water supplier to take action in the event of a crisis in order to ensure the continued supply of water to the greatest poss

26、ible extent and to restore normal operating conditions as quickly as possible. The management tools required to achieve these objectives are explained in this standard. Basic steps of the workflow described in this standard (see Figure 3) may also be used during normal operations that have the poten

27、tial to become a crisis. Across Europe there are many different ways to organise drinking water supply. The responsibility for crisis management may differ depending on legislation and organisational structures. In this document the term “drinking water supplier“ is used to reflect all the different

28、 organisational structures. Member States may chose to specify these structures in more detail. National legislation may impose definitions that differ from the ones defined in this standard. In this case the necessary adaptations should be made in the application of this standard. Licensed Copy: Wa

29、ng Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard describes good practice principles of drinking water supply management in the event of a crisis, including preparatory and follow-up measures. 2 Te

30、rms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 crisis event or situation with the potential to seriously affect a drinking water supplier that may require other organisational structures and possibly more than the usual means of operation to res

31、pond to an emergency 2.2 crisis management special kind of organisational capability designed to guide a drinking water supplier through a crisis, outside the organisation of normal operations NOTE Such capability also includes the organisation of preparatory and follow-up structural and process act

32、ivities. 2.3 disaster situation where widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses have occurred that exceeded the ability of the affected organisation, community or society to cope using its own resources 2.4 emergency sudden, urgent, usually unexpected incident or circumstance that

33、 is highly likely to or will cause grave damage to persons or assets or considerably impair the supply of drinking water and that requires immediate action frequently involving the relevant authorities (e.g. police, public health officials, and local authorities) 2.5 incident deviation from normal o

34、perating conditions NOTE An incident is characterised by its cause, the extent and the consequences of the deviation. 2.6 hazard potential source of biological, chemical, physical or radiological impairment of the water supply system NOTE Each organisation should determine the maximum credible hazar

35、d (the Design Basis Hazard) that the organisation plans to have a capability to respond to. By definition the organisation is therefore tolerant that its crisis management response to events or circumstances exceeding the Design Basis Hazard may be inadequate. 2.7 normal operation general term descr

36、ibing all water supply-related operating conditions and processes including failures that can be controlled by the normal means of operation and/or organisation structures selected by the water supplier 2.8 risk (of hazard) combination of the likelihood of a hazardous event and the impact of that ev

37、ent on the integrity of the drinking water supply system and on related stakeholders Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 6 2.9 residual risk tolerated risk with current control measures 3 Fundamental

38、s of crisis management 3.1 Establishing the context 3.1.1 Legal basis in the event of crises In the event of a crisis, a fundamental aim in the operation of water supply systems should be to remain compliant with the national regulations that apply in normal circumstances. In the presence of a publi

39、c health hazard, the responsible national health authorities are entitled to conduct investigations on the basis of national regulations to avert the danger. If rapid and/or coordinated action is required, the relevant authorities may have power to intervene in order to avert danger or to improve th

40、e effectiveness of response. Beyond that, special regulations stipulating additional requirements and empowering the state to intervene may apply in the event of disaster or war. Some Member States governments can have defined levels of threat that can influence the response of the drinking water su

41、pplier. 3.1.2 Cooperation between water utilities and the relevant authorities in the event of a crisis The interaction between a drinking water supplier and the relevant authorities should be guided by the regulations applying to normal operating conditions until the relevant authorities declare a

42、crisis/disaster. This applies even if the drinking water supplier has already itself declared a state of crisis and alerted its crisis management team. As soon as the competent authority establishes a state of crisis/disaster, the drinking water supplier and the authority in question should get orga

43、nised jointly in accordance with the pertinent statutes and/or regulations. Like all other crisis management measures, the above-mentioned activities should be prepared well in advance of a crisis. This ensures that in the event of a crisis all concerned already know each other and are mutually info

44、rmed about each others structures and processes as well as about the means and channels of communication. A request for cooperation may be initiated either by the authorities or by the drinking water supplier. The early integration of crisis management team members/technical consultants from drinkin

45、g water suppliers into the relevant authorities crisis management system is intended to exchange necessary information at an early point in time, provide the authorities with expert knowledge, and enable the drinking water supplier to influence decisions and measures to avoid or mitigate risks in ac

46、ute situations. At a national level, this guideline might be combined with information about the drinking water supplier or the national crisis management arrangements. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:201

47、1 (E) 7 The drinking water supplier should create the prerequisites for the integration of drinking water supplier employees as crisis management team members/technical consultants from drinking water suppliers into the crisis management team of the relevant authorities and, consequently, their invo

48、lvement in the crisis management processes of the competent authorities as shown in Figure 1. This integration can be implemented either by telephone or by dispatching liaison officers. If the drinking water supplier dispatches a suitable employee to the administrative committee, exchange of informa

49、tion with this employee should be ensured. Figure 1 Example of a cooperation structure of the crisis organizations of a drinking water supplier and the competent authorities Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/07/2011 08:15, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15975-1:2011EN 15975-1:2011 (E) 8 3.1.3 Regulatory, contractual, and environmental aspects The drinking water supplier should know and respect all relevant national regulations concerning crisis/disaster situations. The drinking water supplier should de