1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15975-2:2013Security of drinking water supply Guidelines for risk and crisis managementPart 2: Risk managementIncorporating corrigendum November 2013BS EN 15975-2:2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15975-2:2013. The UK participati
2、on in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/504, Water supply.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its corre
3、ct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 84737 0 ICS 13.060.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Str
4、ategy Committee on 30 September 2013.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected30 November 2013 Implementation of CEN correction notice 18 September 2013: CEN foreword correctedBRITISH STANDARDEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15975-2 August 2013 ICS 13.060.2
5、0 English Version Security of drinking water supply - Guidelines for risk and crisis management - Part 2: Risk management Scurit de lalimentation en eau potable - Lignes directrices pour la gestion des risques et des crises - Partie 2: Gestion des risques Sicherheit der Trinkwasserversorgung - Leitl
6、inien fr das Risiko- und Krisenmanagement - Teil 2: Risikomanagement This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 July 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
7、 without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any o
8、ther language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republi
9、c, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN CO
10、MMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15975-2:2013: E2 BS EN
11、15975-2:2013 EN 15975-2:2013 (E)Foreword This document (EN 15975-2:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text
12、or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsi
13、ble for identifying any or all such patent rights. In crisis situations, which are difficult to forecast and, therefore, impossible to make complete provision for in risk management, appropriate crisis response management applies. Such situations are addressed in EN 15975-1. This second part of guid
14、elines for risk and crisis management describes a risk management approach for routine operations. This standard is complemented by Part 1 addressing crisis management procedures. This is the second part of the European Standard “Security of drinking water supply Guidelines for risk and crisis manag
15、ement“ consisting of two parts as follows: Part 1: Crisis management; Part 2: Risk management. The elaboration of this European Standard has been financially supported by the EC and the CIPS Program (Grant Agreement HOME/2009/CIPS/FP/CEN-002). According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the n
16、ational standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
17、Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. 3 BS EN 15975-2:2013 EN 15975-2:2013 (E)Contents Page Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Terms and definitions 5 3 Objectives and stakeholders responsi
18、bility . 6 4 Risk management approach 6 4.1 General . 6 4.2 Interdisciplinary group for risk management approach . 7 4.3 Drinking water supply system description . 7 4.4 Identification of hazards and hazardous events . 8 4.5 Risk assessment 8 4.5.1 General . 8 4.5.2 Risk analysis 8 4.5.3 Risk evalua
19、tion . 9 4.6 Risk control 10 4.6.1 General . 10 4.6.2 Identification of risk control measures . 10 4.6.3 Validation of risk control measures 10 4.6.4 Implementation of risk control measures . 11 4.6.5 Operational monitoring of risk control measures . 11 4.6.6 Corrective action 11 4.7 Verification of
20、 the risk management approach . 11 4.8 Documentation . 12 4.9 Review 12 Annex A (informative) Risk assessment matrix . 13 Bibliography 14 4 Introduction A risk management approach, which is focused on all the elements of the drinking water supply chain (protection of sources, water abstraction, tran
21、sport, treatment, storage and distribution), will contribute to meeting the drinking water suppliers requirements to ensure the safe, reliable, sustainable, environmentally friendly and economical operation of its drinking water supply system in order to provide safe drinking water up to consumers t
22、aps. This standard supports the holistic Water Safety Plans (WSP) approach of the World Health Organization (WHO) (see 2, 3). Across Europe, there are many different ways to organise drinking water supply. The responsibility for risk management may differ depending on legislation and the nature of t
23、he organisations involved (public or private). National legislation can impose definitions that differ from the ones defined in this standard. In this case, the necessary adaptations should be made in the application of this standard. This document incorporates fundamental elements of the WHO Water
24、Safety Plan approach. As it is based on risk management, the approach helps to prevent a potential impairment of supply. The goal of the approach is to support water suppliers to actively address safety issues in the context of routine water supply management and operations. Implementing a risk mana
25、gement approach is of added value as it supports systematic evaluation of the drinking water supply systems setup, diligent performance of system management as well as identification and prioritisation of improvement and upgrade needs. Furthermore, it improves communication among stakeholders, parti
26、cularly those who share responsibility for the water supply chain. The overall drinking water risk management approach employs the more general principles of value analysis which can be applied across many fields of business activity. This approach helps reinforce the significance of drinking water
27、supply risk management within the organization. BS EN 15975-2:2013 EN 15975-2:2013 (E)5 1 Scope This European Standard describes the principles of a risk management approach to improve the integrity of the drinking water supply system. This European Standard addresses all entities and stakeholders s
28、haring responsibility in the provision of safe drinking water throughout the entire supply chain from the source to the point of use. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 drinking water supply system integrity existence of drinking
29、 water supply system suitable to meet specified quality, quantity, continuity and pressure targets in accordance with legal/regulatory requirements and the drinking water suppliers objectives 2.2 hazard biological, chemical, physical or radiological agent in, or condition of water, with the potentia
30、l to cause harm to public health Note 1 to entry: Condition includes quantity. 2.3 hazardous event event that introduces hazards to, or fails to remove them from, the drinking water supply system 2.4 corrective action action to eliminate the cause of a non-conformity (non-fulfilment of an operationa
31、l target) and to prevent recurrence 2.5 risk control measure any action and activity that can be used to prevent or eliminate a hazard or reduce it to an acceptable level 2.6 risk combination of the likelihood of a hazardous event and the severity of consequences, if the hazard occurs in the drinkin
32、g water supply system 2.7 failure deviation from normal operating conditions characterised by its cause and the extent 2.8 validation obtain evidence, assessment and approval of the capability of the current or proposed control measures 2.9 verification routine confirmation, through the provision of
33、 objective evidence, that the drinking water supply system is delivering water in accordance with the set objectives and that the risk management approach is effective BS EN 15975-2:2013 EN 15975-2:2013 (E)6 2.10 drinking water supplier body responsible for delivering drinking water 3 Objectives and
34、 stakeholders responsibility A drinking water supplier should satisfy a number of objectives. For the purpose of this European Standard, the principal goal is the achievement of appropriate objectives in accordance with local and/or national regulations. These may include: health-based water quality
35、 objectives; service objectives (e.g. continuity, sufficient quantity, sufficient pressure at all points of delivery); acceptability (e.g. aesthetic) objectives. The multiple-barrier approach aims to establish risk control measures throughout all processes in the drinking water supply chain (e.g. pr
36、otection of resources, abstraction, treatment, storage, transport, distribution, water installations inside buildings). The application of the multiple-barrier approach is a sound basis to achieve the above-mentioned objectives. Responsibilities in the drinking water supply chain may vary and rest w
37、ith the service providers or other stakeholders (e.g. authorities, property owners). Each of them may have only limited control of the risks affecting the supply chain. In order to achieve the objectives of safe and secure water supply it is necessary that all the stakeholders involved cooperate. 4
38、Risk management approach 4.1 General The drinking water supplier should introduce a risk management approach. For the purpose of this European Standard, this approach aims to identify hazards and hazardous events, and assess and control resulting risks that may occur in the drinking water supply cha
39、in from catchment to consumer. This approach comprises the elements shown in Figure 1. All drinking water supply systems are faced with risks which need to be controlled adequately. The method employed to ensure appropriate risk control is called risk management. A consistent and systematic risk man
40、agement approach allows the drinking water supplier to analyse and to compare risks that may occur in the elements of the drinking water supply chain (e.g. caused by technical failures, natural hazards, disasters or malicious attacks). BS EN 15975-2:2013 EN 15975-2:2013 (E)7 Figure 1 Overview of ris
41、k management approach 4.2 Interdisciplinary group for risk management approach The risk management approach should be developed and steered by a drinking water suppliers core risk management team. The risk management approach should be applied by an interdisciplinary group whose members are adequate
42、ly knowledgeable about the drinking water supply system concerned. External experts may be consulted for example to support the work, if necessary. The respective roles of the interdisciplinary group, the drinking water suppliers core risk management team and the crisis management team (see EN 15975
43、-1) should be determined. 4.3 Drinking water supply system description The risk management approach should be based on an up-to-date description of the respective drinking water supply system taking account of relevant legal/regulatory requirements and knowledge gained from the interdisciplinary gro
44、up. This description should cover all elements from the catchment area to the point of delivery to the customer or downstream distributor. This system description should include a flowchart for each supply system. It can be useful also to describe the situation outside the drinking water suppliers o
45、wn responsibility (e.g. conditions in the catchment area or service installations in the customers properties). The responsibilities of the drinking water supplier and all other relevant stakeholders who share responsibility in the drinking water supply chain should be unambiguously defined together
46、 with the interfaces between them and their respective responsibilities at these interfaces. BS EN 15975-2:2013 EN 15975-2:2013 (E)8 4.4 Identification of hazards and hazardous events Hazards can occur at various points in the drinking water supply chain and can be triggered by a variety of hazardou
47、s events. The goal of this step is to systematically identify hazards to the processes governing the normal operation of drinking water supply systems as well as corresponding hazardous events that can trigger hazards occurrence. This analysis should be carried out for each element of the drinking w
48、ater supply chain and be guided by the questions “What could go wrong?“, “Where?“ and “How?”. The identification of hazards and hazardous events should include all parts of the drinking water supply system as well as the context in which that system operates. The identification process may initially
49、 focus on the aspects identified as essential for safeguarding the integrity of the drinking water supply and drinking water safety. The identification process should be as precise as possible and each component under review should be analysed individually. This process should also cover associated impacts on relevant stakeholders. The identification of hazards and hazardous events should always deliberately “ignore” the presence of any existing risk control measures. This will help to analyse hazards and hazardous events regardless of the effectiv
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