BS EN 16272-4-2016 Railway applications Track Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation Test method for determining the acoustic performance Intrinsict.pdf

1、BS EN 16272-4:2016Railway applications Track Noise barriers and relateddevices acting on airbornesound propagation Testmethod for determining theacoustic performancePart 4: Intrinsic characteristics In situvalues of sound diffraction under directsound fieldBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_Standa

2、rdCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 16272-4:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16272-4:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/2, Railway Applications - Track.A list of organizations repres

3、ented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580

4、 85887 1 ICS 93.100 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS

5、EN 16272-4:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16272-4 September 2016 ICS 93.100 English Version Railway applications - Track - Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation - Test method for determining the acoustic performance - Part 4: Intrinsic char

6、acteristics - In situ values of sound diffraction under direct sound field Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Dispositifs de rduction du bruit - Mthode dessai pour la dtermination des performances acoustiques - Partie 4: Caractristiques intrinsques - Valeurs in situ de la diffraction acoustique dans

7、 des conditions de champ acoustique direct Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Lrmschutzwnde und verwandte Vorrichtungen zur Beeinflussung der Luftschallausbreitung - Prfverfahren zur Bestimmung der akustischen Eigenschaften - Teil 4: Produktspezifische Merkmale - In -situ -Werte zur Schallbeugung in gerich

8、teten Schallfeldern This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 March 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and b

9、ibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the res

10、ponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav R

11、epublic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NOR

12、MALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16272-4:2016 EBS EN 16272-4:2016EN 16272-4:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page Eur

13、opean foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 9 5 Sound diffraction index difference measurements . 10 5.1 General principle 10 5.2 Dimensions and specifications 15 5.2.1 Added devices 15 5.2.2 Reference walls . 15 5.2.

14、3 In situ tests 16 5.3 Positions of the sound source 16 5.4 Position of the microphone(s) . 16 5.5 Free-field measurements 17 5.6 Measured quantity . 18 5.7 Measuring equipment 18 5.7.1 Components of the measuring system 18 5.7.2 Sound source 20 5.7.3 Test signal . 20 5.8 Data processing . 20 5.8.1

15、Calibration 20 5.8.2 Sample rate . 21 5.8.3 Background noise 21 5.8.4 Measurement points . 21 5.8.5 Adrienne temporal window . 21 5.8.6 Placement of the Adrienne temporal window . 22 5.8.7 Low frequency limit and sample size 24 5.9 Positioning of the measuring equipment 24 5.9.1 Selection of the mea

16、surement positions 24 5.9.2 Reflecting objects . 25 5.9.3 Safety considerations 25 5.10 Sound diffraction index difference 25 5.11 Sample surface and meteorological conditions 25 5.11.1 Condition of the sample surface . 25 5.11.2 Wind 26 5.11.3 Air temperature 26 6 Measurement uncertainty 26 7 Measu

17、ring procedure . 26 8 Test report 27 8.1 Expression of results . 27 8.2 Further information 27 BS EN 16272-4:2016EN 16272-4:2016 (E) 3 Annex A (informative) Indoor measurements for product qualification 29 A.1 General . 29 A.2 Parasitic reflections . 29 A.3 Reverberation time of the room 29 Annex B

18、(informative) Measurement uncertainty . 31 B.1 General . 31 B.2 Expression for the calculation of sound diffraction index . 31 B.3 Contributions to measurement uncertainty . 32 B.4 Expanded uncertainty of measurement . 33 B.5 Measurement uncertainty based upon reproducibility data . 33 Bibliography

19、. 34 BS EN 16272-4:2016EN 16272-4:2016 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 16272-4:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publi

20、cation of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shal

21、l not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard is one of the series EN 16272 “Railway applications Track Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation Test method for determining the acoustic performance” as listed below: Par

22、t 1: Intrinsic characteristics Sound absorption in the laboratory under diffuse sound field conditions Part 2: Intrinsic characteristics Airborne sound insulation in the laboratory under diffuse sound field conditions Part 3-1: Normalized railway noise spectrum and single number ratings for diffuse

23、field applications Part 3-2: Normalized railway noise spectrum and single number ratings for direct field applications Part 4: Intrinsic characteristics In situ values of sound diffraction under direct sound field conditions Part 5: Intrinsic characteristics In situ values of sound reflection under

24、direct sound field conditions Part 6: Intrinsic characteristics In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions Part 7: Extrinsic characteristics In situ values of insertion loss This document should be read in conjunction with: EN 16272-3-2, Railway applications Trac

25、k Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation Test method for determining the acoustic performance Part 3-2: Normalized railway noise spectrum and single number ratings for direct field applications EN 16272-6, Railway applications Track Noise barriers and related devices

26、 acting on airborne sound propagation Test method for determining the acoustic performance Part 6: Intrinsic characteristics In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

27、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlan

28、ds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16272-4:2016EN 16272-4:2016 (E) 5 Introduction Part of the market for railway noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation includes products to be ad

29、ded to the top of noise barriers and intended to contribute to sound attenuation acting primarily on the diffracted sound field. These products are called here “added devices”. This standard has been developed to specify a test method for determining the acoustic performance of added devices. The te

30、st method can be applied in situ, i.e. where the railway noise barriers and the added devices are installed. The method can be applied without damaging the railway noise barriers or the added devices. The method can be used to qualify products before the installation along railways as well as to ver

31、ify the compliance of installed added devices to design specifications. Repeated application of the method can be used to verify the long term performance of added devices. This method could be used to qualify added devices for other applications, e.g. to be installed along roads or nearby industria

32、l sites. In this case, special care has to be taken in considering the location of the noise sources and the single-number ratings should be calculated using an appropriate spectrum. No other national or international standard exists about the subject of this standard. BS EN 16272-4:2016EN 16272-4:2

33、016 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard describes a test method for determining the intrinsic characteristics of sound diffraction of added devices installed on the top of railway noise barriers. The test method prescribes measurements of the sound pressure level at several reference points near th

34、e top edge of a noise barrier with and without the added device installed on its top. The intrinsic effectiveness of the added device is calculated as the difference between the measured values with and without the added devices, correcting for any change in height. In other words, the method descri

35、bed here gives the acoustic benefit of changing the shape and materials of the top edge over a simple barrier of the same height. This is an intrinsic characteristic of the added device, provided that the source and receiver positions are standardized. In practice, when the added device is placed ov

36、er an existing barrier, it raises the height and this provides additional screening, depending on the source and receiver positions; this additional screening is not considered in this European Standard. The test method is intended for the following applications: preliminary qualification, outdoors

37、or indoors, of added devices to be installed on noise barriers; determination of the sound diffraction index difference of added devices in actual use; comparison of design specifications of an added device with actual performance data after the completion of the construction work; verification of t

38、he long term performance of added devices (with a repeated application of the method); interactive design process of new products, including the formulation of installation manuals. The test method can be applied both in situ and on samples purposely built to be tested using the method described her

39、e. Results are expressed as a function of frequency, in one-third octave bands between 100 Hz and 5 kHz. If it is not possible to get valid measurements results over the whole frequency range indicated, the results shall be given in the restricted frequency range and the reasons for the restriction(

40、s) shall be clearly reported. A single-number rating is calculated from frequency data. For indoor measurements, see Annex A. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated referenc

41、es, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 16272-3-2, Railway applications Track Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation Test method for determining the acoustic perf

42、ormance Part 3-2: Normalized railway noise spectrum and single number ratings for direct field applications EN 16272-6, Railway applications Track Noise barriers and related devices acting on airborne sound propagation Test method for determining the acoustic performance Part 6: Intrinsic characteri

43、stics In situ values of airborne sound insulation under direct sound field conditions EN ISO 354, Acoustics Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room (ISO 354) EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1) BS EN 16272-4:2016EN 16272-4:2016 (E) 7 I

44、SO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 noise barrier noise reducing device, which obstructs the direct transmissio

45、n of airborne sound emanating from railways; it will typically span between posts and also may overhang the railway Note 1 to entry: Noise barriers are generally made of acoustic and structural elements (3.3 and 3.4). 3.2 cladding noise reducing device, which is attached to a wall or other structure

46、 and reduces the amount of sound reflected Note 1 to entry: Claddings are generally made of acoustic and structural elements (3.3 and 3.4). 3.3 acoustic element element whose primary function is to provide the acoustic performance of the device 3.4 structural element element whose primary function i

47、s to support or hold in place acoustic elements Note 1 to entry: In some noise barriers, the acoustic function and the structural function cannot be clearly separated and attributed to different components. 3.5 added device added component that influences the acoustic performance of the original noi

48、se-reducing device (acting primarily on the diffracted energy) 3.6 rail side exposure use of the product as a noise reducing device installed alongside railways 3.7 sound diffraction index, DI result of a sound diffraction test whose components are described by the formula in 5.6 Note 1 to entry: DI

49、x,reflrefers to measurements on a reflective reference wall. DIx,absrefers to measurements on an absorptive reference wall. DIx,siturefers to in situ measurements; where x is “0” when the added device is not on the top of the test construction and “ad” when the added device is on the top of the test construction 3.8 sound diffraction index difference, DDI difference between the results of sound diffraction tests on the same reference wall with and without an added device on