1、BS EN 16870:2017 Water quality Guidance standard on determining the degree of modification of lake hydromorphology BSI Standards Publication WB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 16870:2017 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of E
2、N 16870:2017. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/3/5, Biological Methods. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a con
3、tract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017 ISBN 978 0 580 86426 1 ICS 07.060; 13.060.45 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published
4、 under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2017. Amendments/Corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affectedBS EN 16870:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16870 February 2017 ICS 07.060; 13.060.45 English Version Water quality - Gui
5、dance standard on determining the degree of modification of lake hydromorphology Qualit de leau - Guide pour la dtermination des conditions hydromorphologiques des lacs Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anleitung zur Bestimmung der hydromorphologischen Eigenschaften von Seen This European Standard was approved
6、 by CEN on 4 December 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national st
7、andards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and
8、 notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungar
9、y, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CE
10、N-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16870:2017 EBS EN 16870:2017 EN 16870:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 Nor
11、mative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Principle 10 5 Determining the hydromorphological modifications of lakes 10 5.1 Feature categories . 10 Table 1 Features to be assessed when determining the hydromorphological modifications of lakes . 11 5.2 Procedure for scoring . 11 Table 2 Convers
12、ion table 12 6 Interpreting and reporting hydromorphological modifications 12 6.1 Modification scores . 12 Table 3 Options, applications and procedures for reporting hydromorphological modification scores . 13 6.2 Assigning classification terms . 13 Table 4 Classification terms for 5 classes (Score
13、band A) . 14 Table 5 Classification terms for 3 classes (Score band B) 14 Annex A (normative) Characterization of lake modification based on hydromorphological features 15 Table A.1 Characterization of lake modification based on hydromorphological features 16 Annex B (normative) Alterations to mean
14、annual water level range. 29 Table B.1 Alterations to mean annual water level range . 29 Annex C (normative) Land cover in the lake catchment . 31 Table C.1 Land cover in the lake catchment 31 Annex D (informative) Case study examples . 32 D.1 Lago Maggiore (Italy) 32 D.1.1 Summary description . 32
15、Figure D.1 Location of Lago Maggiore 32 D.1.2 Morphometric characteristics . 33 Table D.1 Morphometric characteristics of Lago Maggiore . 33 D.1.3 Degree of modification using Annex A 33 Table D.2 Modification scores for Lago Maggiore, using reporting option 1 33 Table D.3 Modification scores for La
16、go Maggiore using reporting options 2, 3 and 4 . 34 BS EN 16870:2017 EN 16870:2017 (E) 3 D.1.4 Conclusions . 34 D.2 Lago Bidighinzu (Italy) . 35 D.2.1 Summary description 35 Figure D.2 Location of Lago Bidighinzu . 35 D.2.2 Morphometric characteristics . 36 Table D.4 Morphometric characteristics of
17、Lago Bidighinzu 36 D.2.3 Degree of modification using Annex A 36 Table D.5 Modification scores for Lago Bidighinzu, using reporting option 1 36 Table D.6 Modification scores for Lago Bidighinzu using reporting options 2, 3 and 4 37 D.2.4 Conclusions . 37 D.3 Lake Lidzbarskie (Poland) 38 D.3.1 Summar
18、y description 38 Figure D.3 Location of Lake Lidzbarskie and a map of its bathymetry 38 D.3.2 Morphometric characteristics . 38 Table D.7 Morphometric characteristics of Lake Lidzbarskie 39 D.3.3 Degree of modification using Annex A 39 Table D.8 Modification scores for Lake Lidzbarskie, using report
19、ing option 1 39 Table D.9 Modification scores for Lake Lidzbarskie using reporting options 2, 3 and 4 41 D.3.4 Conclusions . 41 D.4 Lake Velenje (Slovenia) 41 D.4.1 Summary description 41 Figure D.4 Location of Lake Velenje 42 D.4.2 Morphometric characteristics . 42 Table D.10 Morphometric character
20、istics of Lake Velenje 42 D.4.3 Degree of modification using Annex A 43 Table D.11 Modification scores for Lake Velenje, using reporting option 1 43 Table D.12 Modification scores for Lake Velenje using reporting options 2, 3 and 4 44 D.4.4 Conclusions . 44 D.5 Arkanj Lake (Serbia) . 44 D.5.1 Summar
21、y description 44 D.5.2 Morphometric characteristics . 44 Table D.13 Morphometric characteristics of Arkanj Lake 45 D.5.3 Degree of modification using Annex A 45 Table D.14 Modification scores for Arkanj Lake, using reporting option 1 . 46 Table D.15 Modification scores for Arkanj Lake, using reporti
22、ng options 2, 3 and 4 . 47 D.5.4 Conclusions . 47 BS EN 16870:2017 EN 16870:2017 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 16870:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 230 “Water analysis”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a
23、national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa
24、tent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
25、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the U
26、nited Kingdom. BS EN 16870:2017 EN 16870:2017 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard will enable broad comparisons to be made of the hydromorphological condition of lakes throughout Europe (e.g. for reporting by the European Environment Agency). In this document, the word lake is used as a generi
27、c term for standing waters including natural lakes, reservoirs, excavated pits and other artificial water bodies. The Guidance standard for assessing the hydromorphological features of lakes (EN 16039) describes a protocol for survey (field and remote sensing methods) and feature recording, whereas
28、this standard gives guidance on assessing the condition of those features, and focuses especially on human pressures that affect lakes. This standard has applications for nature conservation, environmental impact assessment, lake management, and guiding lake restoration work. The assessment of lake
29、quality in Europe has evolved over the past decades from its focus on chemical conditions to a more comprehensive ecological approach. The EC Water Framework Directive (WFD) has reinforced the need for this broader view of lake quality through its requirement for determining ecological status based
30、on phytoplankton, phytobenthos, macrophytes, invertebrates and fish. The Directive also requires hydromorphological and physico-chemical conditions to be suitable for supporting biological communities. This standard, therefore, may be helpful for implementing the WFD when indicating the extent to wh
31、ich pressures might have caused a departure from natural hydromorphological conditions. In doing so it complements methods that have been developed within particular countries for assessment and reporting under the WFD. However, this standard makes no links between hydromorphology and biology, nor d
32、oes it set any hydromorphological condition targets that should be achieved. Whereas decisions on management for individual lakes require expert local knowledge and vary according to lake type, this standard provides a framework to help those decisions to be made consistently. BS EN 16870:2017 EN 16
33、870:2017 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard provides guidance on determining the degree of modification of lake hydromorphological features described in EN 16039. It enables consistent comparisons of hydromorphology between lakes within a country and between different countries in Europe, providin
34、g a method for broad based characterization across a wide spectrum of hydromorphological modification. Its primary aim is to assess departure from naturalness for a given type of lake as a result of human pressures, and it suggests suitable sources of information that may contribute to characterizin
35、g the degree of modification of hydromorphological features. For wholly artificial lakes or reservoirs formed by damming rivers the aim is to assess the extent to which processes approximate to those in comparable natural water bodies. However, this standard does not replace methods that have been d
36、eveloped within particular countries for local assessment and reporting. Decisions on management for individual lakes require expert local knowledge and vary according to lake type. The assessment of the hydromorphological conditions as needed for the WFD (supporting the biological quality elements)
37、 remains in the competence of the individual Member States. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the la
38、test edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15843:2010, Water quality - Guidance standard on determining the degree of modification of river hydromorphology EN 16039:2011, Water quality - Guidance standard on assessing the hydromorphological features of lakes 3 Ter
39、ms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 bank physical edge of the lake shore, or of the island(s) within, generally defined by a wave-cut break in slope at or near the waters edge of the lake, but can also be defined as the line along whic
40、h riparian (terrestrial or land) conditions change to littoral in-lake conditions SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.3 3.2 bar discrete, natural, depositional feature with shallow slope into water composed of unconsolidated material 3.3 bathymetry systematic survey of size, shape and water depth di
41、stribution in a lake Note 1 to entry: Bathymetry is the basis of deriving morphometric parameters and to predict thermal stratification, residence time and sediment redistribution processes. SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.5 BS EN 16870:2017 EN 16870:2017 (E) 7 3.4 catchment drainage basin contr
42、ibuting water and sediment into a lake (also recognized as drainage area) SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.10 3.5 connectivity continuity uninterrupted movement of water, sediment and organisms into, out of and within a lake system SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.11 3.6 drawdown lowering of l
43、ake levels caused by deliberate water release 3.7 dune underwater ridge formed by wave or current action on the lake bed 3.8 ecological status expression of the quality of the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems, by comparing the prevailing conditions with reference conditions Note 1 to
44、entry: As classified in accordance with Annex V of the EC Water Framework Directive. 3.9 embeddedness extent to which fine sediment infiltrates littoral gravels 3.10 gauging board staff gauge graduated scale, fixed to a lake outlet or inflow structure, or directly into the substrate, used to measure
45、 the water level in a lake 3.11 geotextile permeable fabric often used to reinforce or protect banks 3.12 groundwater table surface of a body of underground water below which the soil or rocks are permanently saturated with water 3.13 hard engineering stabilization of the shoreline using hard materi
46、als including concrete walls, gabion baskets and sheet piling BS EN 16870:2017 EN 16870:2017 (E) 8 3.14 hydromorphology physical and hydrological characteristics of lakes including the underlying physical processes from which they result SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.22 3.15 island landform pr
47、otruding from the surface of a lake SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.26 3.16 lake stratification variations in water column structure with respect to temperature and density SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.30 3.17 littoral zone habitat extending from the waters edge to the lakeward limit of r
48、ooted macrophytes or algae on the lake bed SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.33 3.18 pelagic zone open water zone extending from the littoral zone towards the centre of a lake SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.41 3.19 planform view of lake shape from above, e.g. elongate, circular, etc., and als
49、o relevant in relation to the shoreline development index which expresses the degree of irregularity of a lake compared with a circular form of the same area SOURCE: EN 16039:2011, definition 3.42 3.20 profundal zone deeper parts of the lake where light does not penetrate and there is no photosynthetic activity 3.21 ramping rate rate of rise and fall of water levels often associated with hydropower generation 3.22 remote sensing group of techniques for acquiring data on land forms and land co
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