1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationElectroacoustics Simulators of human head and earPart 1: Ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphonesBS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/
2、EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSINational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60318-1:2009. It isidentical to IEC 60318-1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 60318-1:1998 and BS EN60318-2:1998, which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its prepar
3、ation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeEPL/29, Electroacoustics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct applicatio
4、n. BSI 2010 ISBN 978 0 580 56421 5 ICS 13.140; 17.140.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2010.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No.
5、 Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60318-1 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM December 2009 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Eur
6、open de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60318-1:2009 E ICS 17.140.50 Sup
7、ersedes EN 60318-1:1998, EN 60318-2:1998English version Electroacoustics - Simulators of human head and ear - Part 1: Ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphones (IEC 60318-1:2009) Electroacoustique - Simulateurs de tte et doreille humaines -Partie 1: Simulateur doreil
8、le pour la mesure des couteurs supra-auraux et circumauraux (CEI 60318-1:2009) Akustik - Simulatoren des menschlichen Kopfes und Ohres - Teil 1: Ohrsimulator zur Kalibrierung von supra-auralen und circumauralen Kopfhrern (IEC 60318-1:2009) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-11-01
9、. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtaine
10、d on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central
11、 Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malt
12、a, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 60318-1:2009 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 29/68
13、3/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60318-1, prepared by IEC TC 29, Electroacoustics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60318-1 on 2009-11-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60318-1:1998 and EN 60318-2:1998. This European Standard includes the followi
14、ng significant technical changes with respect to EN 60318-1:1998: an extension of the frequency range to 16 kHz; a revised specification for the acoustical transfer impedance, including tolerances; a method for measuring the acoustical transfer impedance; expanded measurement uncertainties. The foll
15、owing dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2010-08-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2012-11-01 Annex ZA has been
16、added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60318-1:2009 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 61094-1 NOTE Harmon
17、ized as EN 61094-1:2000 (not modified). IEC 61094-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61094-2:2009 (not modified). IEC 61094-6 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61094-6:2005 (not modified). ISO 389-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-1:2000 (not modified). ISO 389-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-5:2005 (not modified). ISO 389-
18、8 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-8:2004 (not modified). _ BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI- 3 - EN 60318-1:2009 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding Europea
19、n publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publica
20、tion has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61094-4 -1)Measurement microphones - Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones EN 61094-4 1995 2)ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 -1)Uncertainty of measurement - Part
21、 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) - - 1)Undated reference. 2)Valid edition at date of issue. BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 2 60318-1 IEC:2009 CONTENTS 1 Scope.6 2 Normative refe
22、rences .6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Construction.7 4.1 General .7 4.2 Tolerances 9 4.3 Static pressure equalisation 10 4.4 Calibrated pressure-type microphone 10 4.5 Material.10 4.6 Measurement plane.11 4.7 Acoustic transfer impedance .11 5 Coupling of earphone to ear simulator 11 5.1 Supra-aural
23、 earphones11 5.2 Circumaural earphones .11 6 Calibration13 6.1 Reference environmental conditions13 6.2 Method of calibration.13 7 Maximum permitted expanded uncertainty of measurements 13 Annex A (informative) Lumped-parameter electrical network analogue of the ear simulator.15 Annex B (informative
24、) Example of one specific design of ear simulator 17 Annex C (informative) Measurement method for the determination of the acoustical transfer impedance of the ear simulator 21 Bibliography25 Figure 1 Schematic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for supra-aural earphones 8 Figure 2 Schema
25、tic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for circumaural earphones 9 Figure A.1 Analogue electrical network 15 Figure A.2 Level of impedance modulus of the electrical analogue network16 Figure A.3 Phase of the impedance of the electrical analogue network 16 Figure B.1 Example of one specifi
26、c design of ear simulator17 Figure B.2 Adapter for use with circumaural earphones .18 Figure B.3 Conical ring 19 Figure B.4 Configuration when using the adapter and the conical ring .20 Figure C.1 Key elements of measurement system22 Figure C.2 Transmitter microphone adapter to couple a transmitter
27、microphone to the ear simulator.23 BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI60318-1 IEC:2009 3 Table 1 Specification for the acoustic transfer impedance level12 Table 2 Values of Umaxfor basic measurements 14 Table C.1 Typic
28、al components of measurement uncertainty in the measurement of acoustic transfer impedance .24 BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 6 60318-1 IEC:2009 ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 1: Ear simula
29、tor for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphones 1 Scope This part of IEC 60318 specifies an ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphones (used for example in audiometry and telephonometry) applied to the ear without acoustical leakage, in the frequency
30、range from 20 Hz to 10 kHz. The same device can be used as an acoustic coupler at additional frequencies up to 16 kHz. NOTE 1 This device has alternative configurations for supra-aural earphones and different types of circumaural earphones. In practice, the alternative configurations can be realised
31、 through the use of adapters where necessary. NOTE 2 Repeatability for supra-aural and circumaural earphones may get significantly worse above 10 kHz. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edit
32、ion cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61094-4, Measurement microphones Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of
33、uncertainty in measurement (GUM: 1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 ear simulator device for measuring the acoustic output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled to the sour
34、ce so that the overall acoustic impedance of the device approximates that of the normal human ear at a given location and in a given frequency band 3.2 acoustic coupler device for measuring the acoustic output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled t
35、o the source by a cavity of predetermined shape and volume which does not necessarily approximate the acoustical impedance of the normal human ear 3.3 supra-aural earphone earphone applied externally to the outer ear and intended to rest on the pinna BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EX
36、CHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI60318-1 IEC:2009 7 3.4 circumaural earphone earphone which encloses the pinna and rests on the surrounding surface of the head NOTE Contact with the head is normally maintained by compliant cushions. Circumaural earphones may touch
37、but not significantly compress the pinna. 3.5 acoustic impedance at a specified surface, quotient of the sound pressure by volume velocity through the surface NOTE Unit: Pasm3. 3.6 acoustic transfer impedance of the ear simulator quotient of the sound pressure acting on the diaphragm of the micropho
38、ne by volume velocity through the planar surface bounded by the upper rim of the ear simulator NOTE Unit: Pasm3. 3.7 level of acoustic transfer impedance ten times the logarithm to the base of ten of the quotient of the absolute value (modulus) of the squared acoustic transfer impedance of the ear s
39、imulator by the squared reference acoustic transfer impedance of one pascal second per cubic meter (Pasm3) NOTE Unit: decibel (dB). 4 Construction 4.1 General The measurements of supra-aural and circumaural earphones each require the ear simulator to have a different external configuration. Apart fr
40、om this, the remaining specifications apply to both types of earphone. For supra-aural earphones the coupling surface of the ear simulator has sloped sides to match the shape of the earphone cushions. For circumaural earphones, a flat coupling surface is specified to suit the variety of earphone des
41、igns that may be encountered. Figure 1 shows the ear simulator configuration for supra-aural earphones and Figure 2 shows that for circumaural earphones. Internally, the ear simulator is composed of three acoustically coupled cavities. The primary cavity is conical in shape and houses the microphone
42、 at its lower surface. The key dimensions of the primary cavity and the acoustical compliances of each cavity are specified in Figure 1 (and replicated in Figure 2). The secondary cavities are coupled to the primary cavity by elements having acoustical mass and resistance. The lumped-parameter value
43、s of the coupling elements shall be as follows: Ma2= 4,5 102Pas2m3 Ma3= 1,06 104Pas2m3Ra2= 6,05 106Pasm3Ra3= 2 107Pasm-3Ma2and Ma3represent acoustic masses, Ra2and Ra3represent acoustic resistances. These values are applicable for the reference environment conditions and are subject to the tolerance
44、s of 4.2. BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI 8 60318-1 IEC:2009 A pressure equalization mechanism (Ra1) is included. An electrical analogue of the ear simulator is given in Annex A. The general construction of the ear
45、 simulator and mounting of the microphone shall aim to reduce the response to vibration of any earphone or to sound outside the cavity. Dimensions in millimeters 25 13,2 1 32 Ra1h =8,26 Ma2V2V3Ra2Ma3Ra3Ca1= 1,85 1011m3Pa1V1Ca2= 1,43 1011m3Pa1Ca3= 5,28 1011m3Pa1IEC 1654/09 56,5 0,5Key 1 microphone NO
46、TE 1 The volume of cavity V1 includes the total effective volume of the microphone capsule, a corresponding correction for the presence of a protective grid also being taken into account. NOTE 2 The acoustical compliance of the cavities may depend on the shape as well as the volume. NOTE 3 Tolerance
47、s on dimensions are specified in 4.2. Figure 1 Schematic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for supra-aural earphones An ear simulator only capable of having the configuration shown in Figure 1, but meeting all other specifications in this standard shall be considered as conforming to thi
48、s part of IEC 60318 for supra-aural earphones only. BS EN 60318-1:2009Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 09/07/2010 02:06, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI60318-1 IEC:2009 9 Dimensions in millimeters 25 13,2 32 Ra1h =8,26 Ma2V2V3Ra2Ma3Ra3V11 2 0,8 5,4 Ca1= 1,85 1011m3Pa1Ca2= 1,43 1011m
49、3Pa1Ca3= 5,28 1011m3Pa1IEC 1655/09 56,5 0,5Key 1 microphone 2 flat coupling surface NOTE 1 The external face of the flat surface should be marked with a series of rings concentric with the opening in the ear simulator to aid alignment of the earphone. NOTE 2 The 0,8 mm lip at the entrance to the ear simulator is an artefact of a typical practical realisation of this configuration
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