BS EN 60359-2002 Electrical and electronic measurement equipment - Expression of performance《电气和电子测量设备 性能的表示》.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60359:2002 IEC 60359:2001 Electrical and electronic measurement equipment Expression of performance The European Standard EN 60359:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 17.220.20 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN 60359:2002 Thi

2、s British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 April 2002 BSI 15 April 2002 ISBN 0 580 39309 7 National foreword This British Standard is

3、 the official English language version of EN 60359:2002. It is identical with IEC 60359:2001. It supersedes BS 4889:1990 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/85, Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities, which h

4、as the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. From 1 January 1997, all IEC publications have the number 60000 added to the old number. For instance, IEC 27-1 has been renumbered as IEC 60027-1. For a period of time during

5、 the change over from one numbering system to the other, publications may contain identifiers from both systems. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section en

6、titled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compl

7、iance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related

8、 international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 34, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the documen

9、t was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60359 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM March 2002 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische

10、Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2002 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60359:2002 E ICS 17.220.20 English version Electrical and electronic measurement equipment - Expression of per

11、formance (IEC 60359:2001) Appareils de mesure lectriques et lectroniques - Expression des performances (CEI 60359:2001) Elektrische und elektronische Messeinrichtungen - Angabe zum Betriebsverhalten (IEC 60359:2001) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2002-03-01. CENELEC members are bo

12、und to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the

13、Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the sam

14、e status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.For

15、eword The text of document 85/219/FDIS, future edition 3 of IEC 60359, prepared by IEC TC 85, Measuring equipment for electrical and electromagnetic quantities, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60359 on 2002-03-01. The following dates were fixed: lates

16、t date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2002-12-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2005-03-01 Annexes designated “normative“ are part of the

17、body of the standard. Annexes designated “informative“ are given for information only. In this standard, annex ZA is normative and annexes A and B are informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60359:2001 was approved by CENELEC a

18、s a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60051 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60051 (Series) (not modified). IEC 60068 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60068 (Series) (not modified).

19、 IEC 60529 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60529:1991 (not modified). IEC 60654 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60654 (Series) (not modified). IEC 60721-3-0 NOTE Harmonized as HD 478.3.0 S1:1987 (not modified). IEC 60851-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60851-5:1996 (not modified). _ Page2 EN60359:200260359 IEC:2001 3

20、CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 1 Scope and object. 5 2 Normative references. 5 3 Definitions . 6 4 Specification of values and ranges15 5 Requirements for IEC standards related to the equipment 16 6 Specification of limits of uncertainty16 7 Specification of influence quantities24 8 General rules for compl

21、iance testing.26 Annex A (informative) Conceptual and terminological evolution from “error“ to “uncertainty“27 Annex B (informative) Steps in the specification of performance 31 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications 34

22、Bibliography33 Figure 1 Calibration diagram 17 Figure 2 Calibration diagram with scale marks in units of measurement .18 Figure 3 Calibration diagram in different operating conditions 20 Figure 4 Calibration diagram for extended operating conditions21 Figure B.1 Steps in the specification of perform

23、ance31 Page3 EN60359:200260359 IEC:2001 4 INTRODUCTION With the appearance of the interorganizational Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) that embodied the suggestions of CIPM 1Recommendation CI-1981, it became clear that the classical approach to the precision and accuracy o

24、f measurement in terms of true value and error is being superseded by the approach in terms of uncertainty. The intrinsic pitfalls of the concept of true value (hence of error) had indeed led the operative measurement world to rely increasingly on the concept of uncertainty, notwithstanding that the

25、 main body of standards concerning the performance of measuring instruments was still written in terms of the traditional approach. The widening gap between the best practice in metrology and the wording of the standards prompted the normative organizations to invite their Technical Committees to up

26、date these publications. This new edition of the International Standard IEC 60359 was prepared in order to bring it into agreement with the GUM. During the procedure for its approval the chapters on measurement of the new edition of the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) were published,

27、 and the opportunity was taken to bring the standard into agreement with the terms used in the IEV. The main performance characteristics of an instrument are those related to the uncertainty of the results obtained by using the instrument. The GUM provides a general terminology and a computational f

28、ramework for combining uncertainties of different origin, but it substantially deals with the issue of evaluating uncertainty in the measurement of a quantity defined as a function of other measured quantities, and does not address the issue of evaluating instrumental uncertainty, i.e. the uncertain

29、ty of the results of the single direct measurements carried out by the instruments. The GUM treats it as a component of uncertainty of category B, known from information supplied by the manufacturer or calibrator of the instrument, in the form of an expanded uncertainty with a stated coverage factor

30、. It is therefore up to this standard to provide indications for expressing and evaluating instrumental uncertainty in a way consistent with the philosophy of the GUM. This means stating the requirements on performance of the instruments in terms of limits of uncertainty instead of limits of error,

31、which implies a careful distinction between the indication of the instrument and the set of values assigned to describe the measurand (see Annex A for the conceptual evolution from the notion of error to the notion of uncertainty). To this purpose, this standard systematically uses (in agreement wit

32、h the IEV) the notion of calibration diagram, which is also quite helpful in describing the interplay between intrinsic uncertainty, variations, and operating uncertainty. Distinctions of this kind are essential, by the way, for the new measuring systems, based on microprocessors with internal softw

33、are or using more than one input (multisensorial systems), that need to address the issue in general terms without restrictive hypotheses on the instrumental hardware. They also allow a wider choice of options in specifying performance characteristics. For many people, of course, the passage from ti

34、me-honored traditional terms and notions to the ones evolved by modern metrology will require some mental adjustment, which is altogether necessary, as current instrumentation has made giant steps from the times of index-on-scale instruments. However, no particular difficulty is expected in translat

35、ing into terms consistent with this standard the bulk of existing technical specifications, most of which are written in terms of “limits of error“, often with ambiguities about whether or not suggested corrections for influence quantities are included. When such ambiguities are removed, the old spe

36、cifications are easily harmonized to this standard by substituting the “limits of error“ with the “limits of instrumental uncertainty“ expounded in clause 5, provided the contextual indications (if any) on the means of evaluating these limits are adjusted to satisfy the definitions given in this sta

37、ndard. 1Comit International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM) Page4 EN60359:200260359 IEC:2001 5 ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENT EXPRESSION OF PERFORMANCE 1 Scope and object This International Standard applies to the specification of performance, with primary reference to industrial applic

38、ations, of the following kinds of electrical and electronic equipment: indicating and recording instruments which measure electrical quantities; material measures which supply electrical quantities; instruments which measure non-electrical quantities using electrical means, for all parts of the meas

39、uring chain which present electrical output signals. This standard applies to the specification of performance of instruments operating in steady- state conditions (see 3.1.15), usual in industrial applications. It is based on the methods expounded in GUM for expressing and evaluating the uncertaint

40、y of measurement, and refers to GUM for the statistical procedures to be used in determining the intervals assigned to represent uncertainty (including the way to account for non- negligible uncertainties in the traceability chain). This standard does not address the propagation of uncertainty beyon

41、d the instrument (or the measuring equipment) whose performance is considered and which may undergo compliance testing. The object is to provide methods for ensuring uniformity in the specification and determination of uncertainties of equipment within its scope. All other necessary requirements hav

42、e been reserved for dependent IEC product standards pertaining to particular types of equipment which fall within the scope of this standard. For example: the selection of metrological characteristics and their ranges, and of influence quantities and their specified operating ranges, is reserved for

43、 IEC product standards. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IE

44、C 60050-300:2001, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Electrical and electronic measurements and measuring instruments Part 311: General terms relating to measurements Part 312: General terms relating to electrical measurements Part 313: Types of electrical measuring instrument Part 314:

45、 Specific terms according to the type of instrument ISO/IEC GUIDE EXPRES:1995, Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement Page5 EN60359:200260359 IEC:2001 6 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. A word between brackets in the title

46、 of a definition is a qualifier that may be skipped if there is no danger of confusion with a similar term. When two terms may be used interchangeably with the same definition, these are separated by “or“. Terms in italics in a note are new terms defined by the context. Most definitions are taken or

47、 adapted, together with their notes, from Part 311 of IEC 60050-300 (International Electrotechnical Vocabulary IEV). As only terms pertaining to the “uncertainty approach“ are used, IEV notes stating that the term is used in this approach were omitted. Where such definitions are simultaneously drawn

48、 from the International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM), this has been indicated. In some cases, notes have been added for the purposes of this standard. 3.1 Basic definitions 3.1.1 measurand quantity subjected to measurement, evaluated in the state assumed by the measured s

49、ystem during the measurement itself NOTE 1 The value assumed by a quantity subjected to measurement when it is not interacting with the measuring instrument may be called unperturbed value of the quantity. NOTE 2 The unperturbed value and its associated uncertainty can only be computed through a model of the measured system and of the measurement interaction with the knowledge of the appropriate metrological characteristics of the instrument, that may be called instrumental load. 3.