BS EN 60404-14-2002 Magnetic materials Methods of measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of a ferromagnetic material specimen by the withdrawal or rotation method《磁性材料 用拔出或旋转法对铁.pdf

1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60404-14:2002 Magnetic materials Part 14: Methods of measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of a ferromagnetic material specimen by the withdrawal or rotation method The European Standard EN 60404-14:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 BS EN 6040

2、4-14:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 7 November 2002 BSI 7 November 2002 ISBN 0 580 40686 5 National foreword This British

3、 Standard is the official English language version of EN 60404-14:2002. It is identical with IEC 60404-14:2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/NFE/5, Magnetic alloys and steels, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on

4、this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by us

5、ing the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity

6、from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in t

7、he UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN S

8、TANDARD EN 60404-14 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM October 2002 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2002 CENELEC -

9、All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60404-14:2002 E ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 English version Magnetic materials Part 14: Methods of measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of a ferromagnetic material specimen by the withdrawal or

10、 rotation method (IEC 60404-14:2002) Matriaux magntiques Partie 14: Mthode de mesure du moment magntique coulombien dune prouvette de matriau ferromagntique par la mthode du retrait ou la mthode par rotation (CEI 60404-14:2002) Magnetische Werkstoffe Teil 14: Verfahren zur Messung des magnetischen D

11、ipolmomentes einer Probe aus ferromagnetischem Werkstoff mit dem Abzieh- oder dem Drehverfahren (IEC 60404-14:2002) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2002-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving th

12、is European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versio

13、ns (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of A

14、ustria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 68/254/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60404-14, prepar

15、ed by IEC TC 68, Magnetic alloys and steels, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60404-14 on 2002-10-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard o

16、r by endorsement (dop) 2003-07-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2005-10-01 Annexes designated “normative“ are part of the body of the standard. Annexes designated “informative“ are given for information only. In this standard, annex ZA

17、 is normative and annexes A, B and C are informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60404-14:2002 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ Page2 EN6040414:2002064-4014 CEI:0220 3 CONTENTS INTRODUC

18、TION.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references .5 3 Definitions 6 4 General principle of measurement 6 5 Test specimen7 6 Detection coil .7 7 Magnetic flux integrator 7 8 Measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of magnetized material.8 8.1 Correction of integrator readings for loading effects with no int

19、egrator calibration .8 8.2 Circuit configuration for measurement when the integrator is calibrated using a mutual inductor.8 8.3 Calibration of the measuring device for the magnetic dipole moment by means of a calibrated permanent magnet sample .9 8.4 Withdrawal method9 8.5 Rotation method9 9 Determ

20、ination of the saturation value of the magnetic dipole moment.10 10 Determination of the magnetic polarization J 10 11 Determination of the specific saturation magnetic polarization s 10 12 Calibration of the measuring device for the saturation value of the magnetic dipole moment 11 13 Uncertainty o

21、f measurement.11 14 Test report11 Annex A (informative) Measurement of the specific saturation magnetic polarization of test specimen longer than the homogenous area of the Helmholtz coil12 Annex B (informative) Measurement of ferromagnetic specimens with high saturation magnetic field, e.g. a hardm

22、etal specimen with high cobalt content.13 Annex C (informative) Measurement of a test specimen with a small mass, e.g. a hardmetal specimen of a cobalt content less than 50 mg.14 Annex ZA (normative) Normative reference to international publications with their corresponding European publications .15

23、 Figure 1 Circuit for measurement of magnetic dipole moment 8 Figure 2 Ironless magnet arrangement.10 Figure 3 O-yoke magnet arrangement10 Page3 EN6040414:2002064-4014 CEI:0220 4 INTRODUCTION The magnetic dipole moment j of a ferromagnetic material specimen is a useful parameter for comparing proper

24、ties, particularly of permanent magnet materials. The measurement of the saturation magnetic dipole moment per unit mass (specific saturation magnetic polarization s ) is a special case widely used to characterize cemented carbide metals. Whilst these materials are essentially non-magnetic in charac

25、ter, cobalt or nickel is used as the binder and it is required to achieve an optimum composition and geometrical arrangement of the binder phase with high reproducibility. The determination of the specific saturation magnetic polarization has gained acceptance in the carbide metal industry as a simp

26、le, fast and non- destructive measurement method. The measurement of magnetic moment is, within broad limits, independent of the shape and size of the test specimen. If the material, as in the case of cemented carbide metal, contains only one ferromagnetic component (cobalt or nickel), it is possibl

27、e to determine its percentage proportion with high resolution. Another useful parameter which can be derived from the measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of a test specimen and its volume V is the magnetic polarization J. The value of saturation magnetic polarization is of particular interest

28、for certain magnetic materials. Spherical, ellipsoidal and cylindrical reference specimens of nickel of measured saturation magnetic polarization are used in the calibration of vibrating sample magnetometers. Page4 EN6040414:2002064-4014 CEI:0220 5 MAGNETIC MATERIALS Part 14: Methods of measurement

29、of the magnetic dipole moment of a ferromagnetic material specimen by the withdrawal or rotation method 1 Scope This part of IEC 60404 is applicable to all ferromagnetic materials. It is particularly aimed at the measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of permanent magnet (magnetically hard) mater

30、ials and the measurement of the specific saturation magnetic polarization of cemented carbide materials having a ferromagnetic binder. The object of this part is to describe the general principles of the determination of the magnetic dipole moment of a ferromagnetic material specimen using a detecti

31、on coil in an open magnetic circuit. By including a means of magnetizing the material to saturation, the saturation magnetic dipole moment can also be determined. In addition, the average magnetic polarization of a test specimen can be derived from the measurement of its magnetic dipole moment and v

32、olume. The calibration of magnetic moment coil systems and the measurement of the magnetic dipole moment of feebly magnetic materials can also be determined using this method. Measurements are normally performed at room temperature but measurements at other temperatures can be conducted by heating o

33、r cooling the volume occupied by the test specimen within the detection coil. The measurement of remanence, coercivity, maximum energy product and other parameters can be made in a closed magnetic circuit as described in IEC 60404-4 and IEC 60404-5. Measurement of the coercivity H cJof soft and semi

34、-hard materials can also be performed in an open circuit as described in IEC 60404-7. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of

35、the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050(121), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Part 121: Electro- magnetism IEC 60050(151), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Part 151: Electrical and magnetic devices IEC 60050(221), International Electrotech

36、nical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 221: Magnetic materials and components IEC 60404-4, Magnetic materials Part 4: Methods for the measurement of d.c. magnetic properties of magnetically soft materials Page5 EN6040414:2002064-4014 CEI:0220 6 IEC 60404-5, Magnetic materials Part 5: Permanent magnet (magne

37、tically hard) materials Methods of measurement of magnetic properties IEC 60404-7, Magnetic materials Part 7: Method of measurement of the coercivity of magnetic materials in an open magnetic circuit ISO, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement 3 Definitions For the purpose of this par

38、t of IEC 60404, the definitions in IEC 60050(121), IEC 60050(151) and IEC 60050(221) apply. 4 General principle of measurement When a magnetized test specimen is withdrawn from a calibrated detection coil connected to a calibrated magnetic flux integrator, the magnetic dipole moment of the material

39、specimen can be determined from: j = / k h (1) where j is the magnetic dipole moment, in weber metres; k h is the magnetic field to current constant of the detection coil k h = H/I, in (amperes per metre) per ampere; is the change in flux due to the rotation or withdrawal of the test specimen from t

40、he detection coil, in webers; H is the magnetic field strength, in amperes per metre; I is the current, in amperes. When the specimen is rotated through 180 in the centre of the detection coil, equation (1) changes to: j = / 2k h (2) If the volume of the test specimen is determined, the working poin

41、t magnetic polarization J can be calculated from: J = j / V (3) where J is the working point magnetic polarization, in teslas; j is the magnetic dipole moment, in weber metres; V is the volume of the test specimen, in cubic metres. Page6 EN6040414:2002064-4014 CEI:0220 7 If a means of magnetizing th

42、e test specimen within the detection coil to saturation is provided, the saturation values of magnetic dipole moment j sand magnetic polarization J scan be determined. From the saturation value of the magnetic dipole moment and the mass of the test specimen, the specific saturation magnetic polariza

43、tion can be determined from: s= j s / m (4) where s is the specific saturation magnetic polarization, in tesla cubic metres per kilogram; j sis the saturation value of magnetic dipole moment, in weber metres; m is the mass of test specimen, in kilograms. NOTE IEV 221-01-06 defines the quantity “satu

44、ration magnetization (mass) density” or “specific saturation magnetization” as follows: “saturation magnetization divided by the mass density” (in ampere metres squared per kilogram), the symbol is “”. However, a quantity in units tesla cubic metres per kilogram is usually used in practice and also

45、designated by the symbol “”. The two sigmas are different by the factor 0, the magnetic constant (4 10 7 ), in henrys per metre. 5 Test specimen The test specimen shall be in any convenient shape which can be accommodated within the uniform field region of the detection coil. If the saturation magne

46、tic dipole moment is to be determined, a regular shaped test specimen of dimensions compatible with the magnetizing arrangement shall be used. Where materials are not magnetically isotropic, their magnetic axis shall be determined and marked on the appropriate surface of the test specimen, or in a d

47、rawing. 6 Detection coil A calibrated detection coil shall be used. Its dimensions shall be such that the sensing region has a field uniformity of at least 1 % over the shape and volume equivalent to or greater than that of the test specimens to be measured. The magnetic field to current constant k

48、hfor the detection coil can be calibrated by passing current through the coils and measuring the current and the magnetic field strength at the centre with a calibrated magnetic field sensing device, for example a Hall probe, or it can be calibrated by an accredited laboratory. NOTE 1 For the measur

49、ement of the magnetic moment, the detection coil does not produce any magnetic field. In fact it is used as a search coil connected to a calibrated magnetic flux integrator. Nevertheless, the magnetic field to current constant for the coil is required in the calculation of the magnetic moment. NOTE 2 The most commonly used type of a detection coil is a pair of Helmholtz coil