1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60480:2004 Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) taken from electrical equipment and specification for its re-use The European Standard EN 60480:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 29.040.20; 29.130 BS EN 60480:2004 This British St
2、andard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 August 2005 BSI 24 August 2005 ISBN 0 580 45947 0 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 60480:2004. It is identical with IEC 60480:2004. It partially superse
3、des BS 5209:1975. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/10, Fluids for electrotechnical applications, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The Br
4、itish Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards O
5、nline. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the respon
6、sible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cove
7、r, the EN title page, pages 2 to 33 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60480 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM December 2004 CENELEC European C
8、ommittee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENE
9、LEC members. Ref. No. EN 60480:2004 E ICS 29.040.20; 29.130 English version Guidelines for the checking and treatment of sulphur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) taken from electrical equipment and specification for its re-use (IEC 60480:2004) Lignes directrices relatives au contrle et au traitement de lhexaflu
10、orure de soufre (SF 6 ) prlev sur le matriel lectrique et spcification en vue de sa rutilisation (CEI 60480:2004) Richtlinien fr die Prfung und Aufbereitung von Schwefelhexafluorid (SF 6 ) nach Entnahme aus elektrischen Betriebsmitteln und Spezifikation fr dessen Wiederverwendung (IEC 60480:2004) Th
11、is European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical re
12、ferences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELE
13、C member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland
14、, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 60480:2004 2 Foreword The text of document 10/611/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60480, prepared by IEC TC 10, Fluids for electrotechnical applic
15、ations, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60480 on 2004-11-01. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2005-08-01 latest
16、 date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2007-11-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60480:2004 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official
17、version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated: ISO 14040 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 14040:1997 (not modified). _ 3 EN 60480:2004 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Typical applications of SF 6 .8 5 Impuri
18、ties and their sources8 6 Environmental aspects .9 7 Health and safety .10 8 Quality specification for re-use of SF 6in new or existing switchgear 11 9 Analytical methods for SF 6and their significance 13 10 Handling, storage and transportation 16 Annex A (informative) Derivation of maximum tolerabl
19、e moisture levels for re-use 19 Annex B (informative) Description of the different methods of analysis (on-site and laboratory) .21 Annex C (informative) Reclaiming recommendations and procedures on-site 29 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their correspond
20、ing European publications .32 Bibliography .33 Figure 1 Decision flow chart for the destination of removed SF 6 .12 Figure 2 Decision flow chart for on-site analysis .14 Figure A.1 Moisture levels (ppmv) as a function of gas pressure p19 Figure B.1 SF 6gas sampling set-up: evacuation 21 Figure B.2 S
21、F 6gas sampling set-up: purging .22 Figure B.3 Typical gas chromatogram of decomposed SF 6 .25 (analysis performed with a Porapak Q column)25 Figure B.4 IR spectrum of contaminated SF 6 28 Table 1 Origin of SF 6impurities .8 Table 2 Maximum acceptable impurity levels 13 Table 3 On-site methods 15 Ta
22、ble 4 Laboratory methods 15 Table B.1 Thermal conductivity detector relative response factor 26 Table B.2 Peak absorption of SF 6and contaminants 28 Table C.1 Suggested reclaiming operations .29 Table C.2 Typical adsorbents for various SF 6impurities .30 Table C.3 Summary of SF 6transportation regul
23、ations 31 EN 60480:2004 4 INTRODUCTION Sulfur hexafluoride, SF 6 , is an essential gas for electrical equipment. Influenced by environ- mental concerns, the international community, and especially the electrical industry, has made and is still making a substantial contribution towards controlling th
24、e environmental impact of the product at all stages of its life, from “the cradle to the grave”, as it is defined in ISO 14040 5 1 . In line with these efforts and as a complement to them, particular attention has been paid to reclaiming procedures of the SF 6as used in electrical equipment. These p
25、rocedures allow the re-use of the gas when equipment is maintained, repaired or reaches the end of its service life. This includes acceptable limits for impurity levels, according to experience gained by main users (manufacturers and electrical utilities). _ 1References in square brackets refer to t
26、he bibliography. 5 EN 60480:2004 GUIDELINES FOR THE CHECKING AND TREATMENT OF SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE (SF 6 ) TAKEN FROM ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT AND SPECIFICATION FOR ITS RE-USE 1 Scope This International Standard concerns the re-use of sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) after removal from electrical equipment (f
27、or maintenance, or at the end of life). This standard recommends procedures for reclaiming used SF 6and for restoring its quality to an acceptable level, which would allow the filling of new or existing electrical equipment. This standard provides guidance to operational and maintenance personnel fo
28、r the testing and safe handling of used SF 6. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any a
29、mendments) applies. IEC 60050(191):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 191: Dependability and quality of service IEC 60050(212):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 212: Insulating solids, liquids, gases IEC 60050(441):1984, International Electrotec
30、hnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 441: Switchgear, controlgear and fuses IEC 60050(826):1982, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) Chapter 826: Electrical installations of buildings IEC 60376:1971, Specification and acceptance of new sulfur hexafluoride IEC 60376A:1973, First supplement, Sp
31、ecification and acceptance of new sulfur hexafluoride Section Thirteen: Mineral oil content IEC 60376B:1974, Second supplement, Specification and acceptance of new sulfur hexafluoride Clause 26 IEC 60694:1996, Common specifications for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standards IEC 61634:1995
32、, High-voltage switchgear and controlgear Use and handling of sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) in high-voltage switchgear and controlgear EN 60480:2004 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions contained in IEC 60050(191) IEC 60050(212), IEC 60050(441) and IEC
33、 60050(826), as well as the following, apply. 3.1 General terms 3.1.1 electrical equipment any item used for such purposes as generation, conversion, transmission, distribution or utilization of electrical energy, such as machines, transformers, apparatus, measuring instruments, protective devices,
34、wiring materials, appliances IEV 826-07-01 3.1.2 enclosure part providing protection of equipment against certain external influences and, in any direction, against direct contact IEV 826-03-12 3.1.3 maintenance combination of all technical and administrative actions, including supervision actions,
35、intended to retain an item in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform a required function IEV 191-07-01 3.2 Material aspects 3.2.1 insulating material solid with negligible low electric conductivity, used to separate conducting parts of different electrical potentials IEV 212-01-01 3.2.2
36、insulating gas gas with negligible low electric conductivity, used to separate conducting parts of different electrical potentials IEV 212-01-03 3.2.3 electrode conducting part intended as a conducting interface with a medium of different conductivity 3.2.4 reservoir storage container 7 EN 60480:200
37、4 3.3 Environmental aspects 3.3.1 new sulfur hexafluoride SF 6 complying with IEC 60376, and never used previously 3.3.2 used sulfur hexafluoride SF 6 introduced into electrical equipment 3.3.3 unused sulfur hexafluoride SF 6 never been introduced into electrical equipment (e.g. gas having been tran
38、sferred into a storage tank) 3.3.4 recycling operation to pass through a series of changes or treatment so as to return to a previous stage in a cyclic process 3.3.5 reclaiming elimination of soluble and insoluble contaminants from an insulating liquid or gas by chemical adsorption means, in additio
39、n to mechanical means, in order to restore properties as close as possible to the original values or to the levels proposed in this standard IEV 212-09-05, modified 3.3.6 solid adsorbent solid substances that can be used for adsorbing impurities 3.3.7 reclaimer device for the purification of used ga
40、s for the purpose of re-use on-site 1 3.3.8 re-use use of reclaimed gas for filling new or existing electrical equipment 3.3.9 reclaimed gas gas that has been processed by a reclaimer 1 3.3.10 recovery transfer of gas from electrical power equipment into a reclaimer or storage container 1 3.3.11 fin
41、al disposal transformation of gas into substances which can either be used for other purposes or which can be disposed of in an environmentally compatible way 1 EN 60480:2004 8 4 Typical applications of SF 6The typical applications of SF 6are described in IEC 60376 and IEC 61634. 5 Impurities and th
42、eir sources 5.1 Introductory remark SF 6taken from electrical equipment in operation contains several kinds of impurities. Some of them are already present in the new gas, as a result of the manufacturing process. The nature of these impurities and the quantities admissible are reported in IEC 60376
43、 and IEC 61634. The expected additional impurities in SF 6taken from equipment come from both gas handling and the operation of the equipment. Table 1 summarizes the main impurities and their sources 12. Table 1 Origin of SF 6impurities SF 6 situation and use Sources of impurities Possible impuritie
44、s During handling and in service Leaks and incomplete evacuation Desorption Air, Oil, H 2 O Insulating function Partial discharges: Corona and sparking HF, SO 2 , SOF 2 , SOF 4 , SO 2 F 2Switching arc erosion H 2 O, HF, SO 2 , SOF 2 , SOF 4 , SO 2 F 2 ,CuF 2 , SF 4 , WO 3 , CF 4,AlF 3Switching equip
45、ment Mechanical erosion Metal dusts, particles Internal arc Melting and decomposition of materials Air, H 2 O, HF, SO 2 , SOF 2 , SOF 4 , SO 2 F 2 , SF 4 , CF 4 Metal dusts, particles, AlF 3 , FeF 3WO 3CuF 25.2 Impurities from handling and in service Filling and emptying equipment may lead to the ad
46、dition of air and water vapour. Moisture can also be desorbed from internal surfaces of the equipment and from polymeric parts. Oil from handling equipment (pumps and compressors) may also be inadvertently introduced to SF 6 . 5.3 Impurities in equipment having only an insulating function The essent
47、ial process is the decomposition of SF 6by partial discharges (corona and sparking). The immediate products are fragments of SF 6 , such as SF 5 , SF 4and F, that combine with O 2and H 2 O to form compounds, mainly HF, SO 2 , SOF 2 , SOF 4and SO 2 F 2 . Due to low energy of the partial discharges, t
48、he accumulated quantities of these compounds are usually negligible. 5.4 Impurities in switching equipment During current interruption, the existence of high temperature arcs leads to the formation of decomposition products of SF 6 , vaporized electrode metal, plastics and impurities. In addition, c
49、hemical reactions take place between the products formed (see Table 1). 9 EN 60480:2004 The quantity of these by-products is controlled by the number of operations, the design of equipment and the use of adsorbers (solid adsorbents). Switching equipment may also contain particles and metal dust coming from the
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