1、Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systemsPart 0: Calculation of currentsBS EN 60909-0:2016BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60909-0:2016. It isidentical to IEC 60909-0:2016.
2、It supersedes BS EN 60909-0:2001 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PEL/73, Short circuit currents.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include
3、all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 80524 0ICS 17.220.01; 29.020; 29.240.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obliga
4、tions.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60909-0:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 60909-0 June 2016 ICS 17.
5、220.01; 29.240.20 Supersedes EN 60909-0:2001 English Version Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 0: Calculation of currents (IEC 60909-0:2016) Courants de court-circuit dans les rseaux triphass courant alternatif - Partie 0: Calcul des courants (IEC 60909-0:2016) Kurzschlussstr
6、me in Drehstromnetzen - Teil 0: Berechnung der Strme (IEC 60909-0:2016) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2016-03-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nationa
7、l standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ve
8、rsion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgari
9、a, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlan
10、d, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any f
11、orm and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 60909-0:2016 E BS EN 60909-0:2016EN 60909-0:2016 2 European foreword The text of document 73/172/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 60909-0, prepared by IEC/TC 73 “Shortcircuit currents“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote
12、 and approved by CENELEC as EN 60909-0:2016. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2016-12-10 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the d
13、ocument have to be withdrawn (dow) 2019-06-10 This document supersedes EN 60909-0:2001. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights
14、. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60909-0:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60865-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60865-1
15、. IEC 62428 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62428. BS EN 60909-0:2016EN 60909-0:2016 3 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indisp
16、ensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the rel
17、evant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60038 (mod) 2009 IEC standard voltages EN 60038 2011 IEC 60050-131 - International Electrotechnical Vocabul
18、ary (IEV) - Part 131: Circuit theory - - IEC/TR 60909-1 2002 Short-circuit currents in three-phase e.c. systems - Part 1: Factors for the calculation of short-circuit currents according to IEC 60909-0 - - IEC/TR 60909-2 2008 Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 2: Data of electr
19、ical equipment for short-circuit current calculations - - IEC 60909-3 2009 Short-circuit currents in three-phase a.c systems - Part 3: Currents during two separate simultaneous line-to-earth short-circuits and partial short-circuit currents flowing through earth EN 60909-3 2010 IEC/TR 60909-4 2000 S
20、hort-circuit currents in three-phase a.c. systems - Part 4: Examples for the calculation of short-circuit currents - - BS EN 60909-0:2016 2 IEC 60909-0:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references. 8 3 Terms and definitions 8 4 Symbols, subscripts and superscripts . 13 4.1 Ge
21、neral . 13 4.2 Symbols 13 4.3 Subscripts . 15 4.4 Superscripts 16 5 Characteristics of short-circuit currents: calculating method 16 5.1 General . 16 5.2 Calculation assumptions 19 5.3 Method of calculation 20 5.3.1 Equivalent voltage source at the short-circuit location . 20 5.3.2 Symmetrical compo
22、nents . 22 6 Short-circuit impedances of electrical equipment 23 6.1 General . 23 6.2 Network feeders 23 6.3 Transformers 25 6.3.1 Two-winding transformers 25 6.3.2 Three-winding transformers 25 6.3.3 Impedance correction factors for two- and three-winding network transformers 27 6.4 Overhead lines
23、and cables 28 6.5 Short-circuit current-limiting reactors . 29 6.6 Synchronous machines . 29 6.6.1 Synchronous generators 29 6.6.2 Synchronous compensators and motors 31 6.7 Power station units 31 6.7.1 Power station units with on-load tap-changer 31 6.7.2 Power station units without on-load tap-cha
24、nger . 32 6.8 Wind power station units . 33 6.8.1 General . 33 6.8.2 Wind power station units with asynchronous generator . 33 6.8.3 Wind power station units with doubly fed asynchronous generator . 34 6.9 Power station units with full size converter . 35 6.10 Asynchronous motors 35 6.11 Static conv
25、erter fed drives . 36 6.12 Capacitors and non-rotating loads . 36 7 Calculation of initial short-circuit current . 36 7.1 General . 36 7.1.1 Overview . 36 7.1.2 Maximum and minimum short-circuit currents . 41 7.1.3 Contribution of asynchronous motors to the short-circuit current 42 7.2 Three-phase i
26、nitial short-circuit current 43 7.2.1 General . 43 BS EN 60909-0:2016IEC 60909-0:2016 IEC 2016 3 7.2.2 Short-circuit currents inside a power station unit with on-load tap-changer . 44 7.2.3 Short-circuit currents inside a power station unit without on-load tap-changer . 46 7.3 Line-to-line short cir
27、cuit . 47 7.4 Line-to-line short circuit with earth connection . 47 7.5 Line-to-earth short circuit 49 8 Calculation of peak short-circuit current . 49 8.1 Three-phase short circuit . 49 8.1.1 Single-fed and multiple single-fed short circuits 49 8.1.2 Multiple-fed short circuit . 51 8.2 Line-to-line
28、 short circuit . 52 8.3 Line-to-line short circuit with earth connection . 52 8.4 Line-to-earth short circuit 52 9 Calculation of symmetrical breaking current . 53 9.1 Three-phase short circuit . 53 9.1.1 Symmetrical breaking current of synchronous machines 53 9.1.2 Symmetrical breaking current of a
29、synchronous machines 54 9.1.3 Symmetrical breaking current of power station units with doubly fed asynchronous generator . 55 9.1.4 Symmetrical breaking current of power station units with full size converter . 55 9.1.5 Symmetrical breaking current of network feeder 56 9.1.6 Symmetrical breaking cur
30、rent in case of multiple single-fed short-circuits . 56 9.1.7 Symmetrical breaking current in case of multiple-fed short circuits 56 9.2 Unbalanced short-circuits 57 10 DC component of the short-circuit current 57 11 Calculation of steady-state short-circuit current 58 11.1 General . 58 11.2 Three-p
31、hase short circuit . 58 11.2.1 Steady-state short-circuit current of one synchronous generator or one power station unit . 58 11.2.2 Steady-state short-circuit current of asynchronous motor or generator. 61 11.2.3 Steady-state short-circuit current of wind power station unit with doubly fed asynchro
32、nous generator . 61 11.2.4 Steady-state short-circuit current of wind power station unit with full size converter . 61 11.2.5 Steady-state short-circuit current of network feeder 61 11.2.6 Steady-state short-circuit current in case of multiple single-fed short circuits . 61 11.2.7 Steady-state short
33、-circuit current in case of multiple-fed short circuits . 62 11.3 Unbalanced short circuits 62 12 Short circuits at the low-voltage side of transformers, if one line conductor is interrupted at the high-voltage side 62 13 Terminal short circuit of asynchronous motors 64 14 Joule integral and thermal
34、 equivalent short-circuit current. 65 Annex A (normative) Formulas for the calculation of the factors m and n . 68 Annex B (informative) Nodal admittance and nodal impedance matrices 69 Bibliography . 73 BS EN 60909-0:2016 4 IEC 60909-0:2016 IEC 2016 Figure 1 Short-circuit current of a far-from-gene
35、rator short circuit with constant AC component (schematic diagram) 17 Figure 2 Short-circuit current of a near-to-generator short-circuit with decaying AC component (schematic diagram) 18 Figure 3 Characterization of short-circuits and their currents . 19 Figure 4 Illustration for calculating the in
36、itial symmetrical short-circuit current “kI in compliance with the procedure for the equivalent voltage source . 21 Figure 5 System diagram and equivalent circuit diagram for network feeders 24 Figure 6 Three-winding transformer (example) 27 Figure 7 Diagram to determine the short-circuit type (Figu
37、re 3) for the highest initial short-circuit current referred to the initial three-phase short-circuit current when the impedance angles of the sequence impedances Z(1), Z(2), Z(0)are identical . 38 Figure 8 Examples of single-fed short-circuits . 40 Figure 9 Example of a multiple single-fed short ci
38、rcuit 40 Figure 10 Example of multiple-fed short circuit . 41 Figure 11 Short-circuit currents and partial short-circuit currents for three-phase short circuits between generator and unit transformer with or without on-load tap-changer, or at the connection to the auxiliary transformer of a power st
39、ation unit and at the auxiliary busbar A . 45 Figure 12 Factor for series circuit as a function of ratio R/X or X/R 50 Figure 13 Factor for calculation of short-circuit breaking current Ib. 54 Figure 14 Factor q for the calculation of the symmetrical short-circuit breaking current of asynchronous mo
40、tors 55 Figure 15 Factors minand maxfactors for cylindrical rotor generators . 60 Figure 16 Factors minand maxfor salient-pole generators 60 Figure 17 Transformer secondary short-circuits, if one line (fuse) is opened on the high-voltage side of a transformer Dyn5 63 Figure 18 Factor m for the heat
41、effect of the DC component of the short-circuit current (for programming, the formula to calculate m is given in Annex A) 66 Figure 19 Factor n for the heat effect of the AC component of the short-circuit current (for programming, the formula to calculate n is given in Annex A) . 67 Figure B.1 Formu
42、lation of the nodal admittance matrix 70 Figure B.2 Example . 71 Table 1 Voltage factor c . 22 Table 2 Importance of short-circuit currents 37 Table 3 Factors and for the calculation of short-circuit currents with Formula (96), rated transformation ratio tr= UrTHV/UrTLV64 Table 4 Calculation of shor
43、t-circuit currents of asynchronous motors in the case of a short circuit at the terminals 65 Table B.1 Impedances of electrical equipment referred to the 110 kV side . 71 BS EN 60909-0:2016IEC 60909-0:2016 IEC 2016 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENTS IN THREE-PHASE A
44、C SYSTEMS Part 0: Calculation of currents FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all q
45、uestions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publicat
46、ion(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC c
47、ollaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opini
48、on on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to en
49、sure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional
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