1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61000-2-9:1996 IEC 1000-2-9: 1996 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 2: Environment Section 9: Description of HEMP environment Radiated disturbance Basic EMC publication The European Standard EN 61000-2-9:1996 has the status of a British Standard ICS 29.020BSEN 61000-2-9
2、1996 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 December 1996 BSI 10-1998 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee refer
3、ence GEL/210 Draft for comment 92/34647 DC ISBN 0 580 26354 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/210, Electromagnetic compatibility, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Consul
4、ting Scientists Association of Control Manufacturers (TACMA (BEAMA Ltd.) Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Electrical Appliances Association of Manufacturers of Power Generating Systems BEAMA Ltd. BEAMA Metering Association (BMA) British Industrial Truck Association British Lighting Associati
5、on for the Preparation of Standards (BRITLAPS) British Telecommunications plc Building Automation and Mains Signalling Association (BAMSA) (BEAMA Ltd.) Department of Trade and Industry (Standards Policy Unit) Department of Health Electrical Installation Equipment Manufacturers Association (BEAMA Ltd
6、) Electricity Association ERA Technology Ltd. Federation of the Electronics Industry GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Health and Safety Executive Induction and Dielectric Heating Manufacturers Association Institution of Electrical Engineers International Association of Broadcasting Manufacturers Lighting Indus
7、try Federation Ltd. Ministry of Defence Motor Industry Research Association National Air Traffic Services National Physical Laboratory Power Supply Manufacturers Association (PSMA (BEAMA Ltd.) Professional Lighting and Sound Association Radiocommunications Agency Rotating Electrical Machines Associa
8、tion (BEAMA Ltd.) Society of British Gas Industries Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Transmission and Distribution Association (BEAMA Limited) Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS EN 61000-2-9:1996 BSI 10-1998 i Contents Page Committees resp
9、onsible Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 61000-2-9 3 List of references Inside back coverBS EN 61000-2-9:1996 ii BSI 10-1998 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee GEL/210 and is the English language version of EN 61000-2-9:1996
10、Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Part 2: Environment Section 9: Description of HEMP environment Radiated disturbance Basic EMC publication, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC 1000-2-9:1996, published by the International El
11、ectrotechnical Commission (IEC). IEC 1000 has been designated a Basic EMC publication for use in the preparation of dedicated product, product family and generic EMC standards. IEC 1000 will be published in separate Parts in accordance with the following structure. Part 1: General; Part 2: Environme
12、nt; Part 3: Limits; Part 4: Testing and measurement techniques; Part 5: Installation and mitigation guidelines; Part 6: Generic standards; Part 9: Miscellaneous. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for
13、their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-reference Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard IEC 50 (161):1990 BS 4727 Glossary of electrotechnical, power, telecommunication, electronics, lighting and
14、colour terms Part 1 Terms common to power, telecommunications and electronics Group 09:1991 Electromagnetic compatibility Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standa
15、rd has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 61000-2-9 May 1996 ICS 33.100 Descriptors: Environments, pulses, electromagnetism, explosions
16、 nuclear reactions, nuclear energy, electromagnetic compatibility, electromagnetic waves, wave forms, description English version Electromagnetic compatibilty (EMC) Part 2: Environment Section 9: Description of HEMP environment Radiated disturbance Basic EMC publication (IEC 1000-2-9:1996) Compatib
17、ilit lectromagntique (CEM) Partie 2: Environnement Section 9: Description de lenvironnement IEMN-HA Perturbations rayonnes Publication fondamentale en CEM (CEI 1000-2-9:1996) Elektromagnetische Vertrglichkeit (EMV) Teil 2: Umgebungsbedingungen Hauptabschnitt 9: Beschreibung der HEMP-Umgebung-Sthrstr
18、ahlung EMV-Grundnorm (IEC 1000-2-9:1996) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1996-03-05. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterati
19、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by trans
20、lation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Irelan
21、d, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35
22、 B-1050 Brussels 1996 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. EN 61000-2-9:1996 EEN 61000-2-9:1996 BSI 10-1998 2 Foreword The text of document 77C/27/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 1000-2-9, prepared by SC 77C, Immunity to high altitude nuclear electromagnetic pulse (HEMP), of IEC TC 77, Elec
23、tromagnetic compatibility, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN61000-2-9 on 1996-03-05. The following dates were fixed: Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of the standard. In this standard, annex ZA is normative. Annex ZA has been added by
24、 CENELEC. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope and object 3 2 Normative reference 3 3 General 3 4 Definitions 4 5 Description of HEMP environment, radiated parameters 6 5.1 High-altitude bursts 6 5.2 Spatial extent of HEMP on the earths surface 7 5.3 HEMP time dependence 7 5.4 Magnetic field component 1
25、5 5.5 HEMP amplitude and energy fluence spectrum 15 5.6 Weighting of the early, intermediate and late-time HEMP 17 5.7 Reflection and transmission 17 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications 22 Figure 1 Geometry for the de
26、finition of polarization and of the angles of elevation y and azimuth f 4 Page Figure 2 Geometry for the definition of the plane wave 5 Figure 3 Geomagnetic dip angle 5 Figure 4 Schematic representation of the early-time HEMP from a high-altitude burst 7 Figure 5 HEMP tangent radius as a function of
27、 height of burst (HOB) 8 Figure 6 Typical variations in peak electric fields on the earths surface for burst altitudes between 100 km and 500 km and for ground zero between 30 and 60 northern latitude. The data are applicable for yields of a few hundred kilotons or more 9 Figure 7 Different waveform
28、s for three typical cases indicated in Figure 6 (points A, B, C) and the composite curve fit 10 Figure 8 HEMP early-time behaviour (electric field component) 12 Figure 9 Standard late-time HEMP waveform 14 Figure 10 Complete standard HEMP time waveform 14 Figure 11 Amplitude spectrum of each HEMP co
29、mponent 16 Figure 12 Fraction of energy fluence from f = 10 3Hz to f 1 16 Figure 13 Representation of incident, reflected and refracted waves 18 Figure 14 Calculated total horizontal electric field as a sum of the incident plus reflected fields for a HEMP (early-time part only) 19 Figure 15 Calculat
30、ed total horizontal electric field as a sum of the incident plus reflected fields for a HEMP (early-time part only) for different angles of elevation 20 Figure 16 Calculated transmitted horizontal electric fields for a HEMP (early-time only) 21 latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at na
31、tional level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1996-12-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 1996-12-01EN61000-2-9:1996 BSI 10-1998 3 1 Scope and object This section of IEC 1000-2 defines the high-alti
32、tude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) environment that is one of the consequences of a high-altitude nuclear explosion. Those dealing with this subject consider two cases: high-altitude nuclear explosions; low-altitude nuclear explosions. For civil systems, the most important case is the high-altitude n
33、uclear explosion. In this case, the other effects of the nuclear explosion: blast, ground shock, thermal and nuclear ionizing radiation are not present at the ground level. However the electromagnetic pulse associated with the explosion may cause disruption of, and damage to, communication, electron
34、ic and electric power systems thereby upsetting the stability of modern society. The object of this standard is to establish a common reference for the HEMP environment in order to select realistic stresses to apply to victim equipment for evaluating their performance. 2 Normative reference The foll
35、owing normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this section of IEC 1000-2. At the time of publication, the edition indicated was valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this section of IE
36、C 1000-2 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. IEC 50(161):1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Chapter 161: Elect
37、romagnetic compatibility. 3 General A high-altitude (above 30 km) nuclear burst produces three types of electromagnetic pulses which are observed on the earths surface: Historically, most interest has been focused on the early-time HEMP which was previously referred to as simply “HEMP”. Here we will
38、 use the term high-altitude “EMP” or “HEMP” to include all three types. The term NEMP 1)covers many categories of nuclear EMPs including those produced by surface bursts (SREMP) 2)or created on space systems (SGEMP) 3) . Because the HEMP is produced by a high-altitude detonation, we do not observe o
39、ther nuclear weapon environments such as gamma rays, heat and shock waves at the earths surface. HEMP was reported from high-altitude U.S. nuclear tests in the South Pacific during the early 1960s, producing effects on electronic equipment far from the burst location. early-time HEMP (fast); interme
40、diate-time HEMP (medium); late-time HEMP (slow): 1) NEMP: Nuclear ElectroMagnetic Pulse. 2) SREMP: Source Region EMP. 3) SGEMP: System Generated EMP.EN 61000-2-9:1996 4 BSI 10-1998 4 Definitions 4.1 angle of elevation in the vertical plane Y angle y measured in the vertical plane between a flat hori
41、zontal surface such as the ground and the propagation vector (see Figure 1) 4.2 azimuth angle, f angle between the projection of the propagation vector on the ground plane and the principal axis of the victim object (z axis for the transmission line of Figure 1) 4.3 composite waveform waveform which
42、 maximizes the important features of a group of waveforms 4.4 coupling interaction of the HEMP field with a system to produce currents and voltages on system surfaces and cables. Voltages result from the induced charges and are only defined at low frequencies with wavelengths larger than the surface
43、 or gap dimensions 4.5 direction of propagation of the electromagnetic wave direction of the propagation vector , perpendicular to the plane containing the vectors of the electric and the magnetic fields (see Figure 2) 4.6 E 1 , E 2 , E 3 terminology for the early, intermediate and late-time HEMP el
44、ectric fields 4.7 EMP any electromagnetic pulse, general description 4.8 energy fluence integral of the Poynting vector over time; presented in units of J/m 2 4.9 geomagnetic dip angle, q dip dip angle of the geomagnetic flux density vector e , measured from the local horizontal in the magnetic nort
45、h-south plane. q dip= 90 at the magnetic north pole, 90 at the magnetic south pole Figure 1 Geometry for the definition of polarization and of the angles of elevation y and azimuth f k BEN61000-2-9:1996 BSI 10-1998 5 4.10 ground zero point on the earths surface directly below the burst; sometimes ca
46、lled surface zero 4.11 HEMP high-altitude nuclear EMP 4.12 high-altitude (nuclear explosion) height of burst above 30 km altitude 4.13 HOB height of burst 4.14 horizontal polarization an electromagnetic wave is horizontally polarized if the magnetic field vector is in the incidence plane and the ele
47、ctric field vector is perpendicular to the incidence plane and thus parallel to the ground plane (Figure 1). (This type of polarization is also called perpendicular or transverse electric (TE).) Figure 2 Geometry for the definition of the plane wave Figure 3 Geomagnetic dip angleEN 61000-2-9:1996 6
48、BSI 10-1998 4.15 incidence plane plane formed by the propagation vector and the normal to the ground plane 4.16 low-altitude (nuclear explosion) height of burst below 1 km altitude 4.17 NEMP nuclear EMP; all types of EMP produced by a nuclear explosion 4.18 polarization orientation of the electric f
49、ield vector 4.19 prompt radiation nuclear energy which leaves an explosion within1s 4.20 SREMP source region EMP; the NEMP produced in any region where prompt radiation is also present producing currents (sources) in the air 4.21 tangent point any point on the earths surface where a line drawn from the burst is tangent to the earth 4.22 tangent radius distance measured along the earths surface between ground zero and any tangent point 4.23 vertical polarization a
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