1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 61043:1994 IEC 1043:1993 Specification for Electroacoustics Instruments for the measurement of sound intensity Measurement with pairs of pressure sensing microphones The European Standard EN 61043:1994 has the status of a British Standard UDC 621.396:534.84:534.612.08:620.1:62
2、1.317.743BSEN 61043:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Electronic Equipment Standards Policy Committee, was published underthe authority of the Standards Board and comesintoeffect on 15 April 1994 BSI 01-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on
3、this standard: Committee reference EEL/24 Draft for comment 90/22426 DC ISBN 0 580 23301 4 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC), under whose supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national committees of the following
4、countries: Austria Italy Belgium Luxembourg Denmark Netherlands Finland Norway France Portugal Germany Spain Greece Sweden Iceland Switzerland Ireland United Kingdom Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN 61043:1994 BSI 01-2000 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside
5、 front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 61043 5 National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back coverBSEN 61043:1994 ii BSI 01-2000 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under th
6、e direction of the Electronic Equipment Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN 61043:1994 Electroacoustics Instruments for the measurement of sound intensity Measurement with pairs of pressure sensing microphones, published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical
7、 Standardization (CENELEC). It is identical with IEC 1043:1993 published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compli
8、ance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 24, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright
9、 date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 61043 January 1994 UDC 621.396:534.84:534.612.08:620.1:621.317.743 Descriptors: Electroacoustics, sound equipment, instrument
10、for sound measurement, sound intensity, microphone, microphonic probe, verification, characteristics, field calibration, calibration, instruction manuals, marking English version Electroacoustics Instruments for the measurement of sound intensity Measurement with pairs of pressure sensing microphone
11、s (IEC 1043:1993) Electroacoustique Instruments pour la mesure de lintensit acoustique Mesure au moyen dune paire de microphones de pression (CEI 1043:1993) Elektroakustik Gerte fr die Messung der Schallintensitt Messungen mit Paaren von Druckmikrofonen (IEC 1043:1993) This European Standard was app
12、roved by CENELEC on 1993-12-08. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nat
13、ional standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own langua
14、ge and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Swi
15、tzerland and United Kingdom. CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B-1050 Brussels 1994 Copyright reserved to CENELEC members Ref. No. E
16、N 61043:1994 EEN 61043:1994 BSI 01-2000 2 Foreword The text of document 29(CO)185, as prepared by IEC Technical Committee 29: Electroacoustics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote in February 1993. The reference document was approved by CENELEC as EN 61043 on 8 December 1993. The followin
17、g dates were fixed: For products which have complied with the relevant national standard before 1994-12-01, as shown by the manufacturer or by a certification body, this previous standard may continue to apply for production until 1999-12-01. Annexes designated “normative” are part of the body of th
18、e standard. Annexes designated “informative” are given only for information. In this standard, Annex A and Annex ZA are normative and Annex B, Annex C, Annex D and Annex E are informative. Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 5 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Definitions 5 4 Grades of accuracy
19、 7 5 Reference environmental conditions 8 6 Sound intensity processors: requirements 8 6.1 Frequency range 8 6.2 Filtering 8 6.3 A-weighting 8 6.4 Indicator accuracy 8 6.5 Provision for microphone separation 8 6.6 Presentation of results 8 6.7 Time averaging 8 6.8 Crest factor handling 8 6.9 Pressur
20、e-residual intensity index 8 6.10 Provision for phase compensation 8 6.11 Provision for range setting 8 6.12 Provision for overload indication 8 6.13 Provision for corrections for atmospheric pressure and temperature 8 6.14 Operating environment 8 7 Sound intensity probes: requirements 10 7.1 Mechan
21、ical construction 10 7.2 Response to sound pressure 10 7.3 Response to sound intensity 10 7.4 Directional response characteristics 10 7.5 Performance in a standing wave field 11 7.6 Pressure-residual intensity index 12 7.7 Environmental conditions 12 8 Sound intensity instruments: requirements 12 9
22、Power supplies: requirements 12 10 Sound intensity probe calibrators: requirements 12 10.1 Sound pressure calibrators 12 10.2 Residual intensity testing devices 12 10.3 Sound intensity calibrators 12 11 Sound intensity processors: performance verification 12 11.1 Octave and one-third octave filters
23、12 11.2 Sound intensity indication 13 11.3 Time averaging 13 latest date of publication of an identical national standard (dop) 1994-12-01 latest date of withdrawal of conflicting national standards (dow) 1994-12-01EN 61043:1994 BSI 01-2000 3 Page 11.4 Crest factor handling 13 11.5 Pressure-residual
24、 intensity index and operating range 14 12 Sound intensity probes: performance verification 14 12.1 Frequency response 14 12.2 Directional response 14 12.3 Performance in a standing wave field 15 12.4 Pressure-residual intensity index 15 13 Calibrators: performance verification 15 13.1 Sound pressur
25、e calibrators 15 13.2 Residual intensity testing devices 15 13.3 Sound intensity calibrators 15 14 Field calibration and checks 16 15 Marking and instruction manuals 16 15.1 Marking 16 15.2 Instruction manuals 16 Annex A (normative) Periodic verificationprocedures 18 Annex B (informative) Sound inte
26、nsity processorsemploying autoranging 18 Annex C (informative) Sound intensity processorsbased on DFT analysers convertingnarrow bands to octave or one-third octave 19 Annex D (informative) RC networks for generatingknown phase shifts 20 Annex E (informative) Dynamic capability index 21 Annex ZA (no
27、rmative) Other international publications quoted in this standard with the references of the relevant European publications 23 Figure 1 A side-by-side p-p probe 6 Figure 2 A face-to-face p-p probe 6 Figure 3 Axes for specifying the directional response of a face to face p-p probe 11 Figure 4 Axes fo
28、r specifying the directional response of a side by side p-p probe 11 Figure C.1 Illustration of the use of a Hanning window not in real time 19 Figure C.2 Illustration of the use of a Hanning window in real time 19 Figure C.3 Illustration of the use of a Hanning window in real time with overlap 19 F
29、igure C.4 Illustration of the use of non-equal time windows for different frequency range 20 Page Figure E.1 Dynamic capability index for precision and engineering grade measurements 22 Figure E.2 Dynamic capability index for survey grade measurements 22 Figure E.3 Probe intensity response 23 Table
30、1 Specification and performance requirements for sound intensity processors 9 Table 2 Minimum pressure-residual intensity index requirements for probes, processors and instruments for 25 mm nominal microphone separation in decibels 9 Table 3 Tolerances for sound pressure and sound intensity response
31、 114 blankEN 61043:1994 BSI 01-2000 5 Introduction This International Standard specifies the requirements for sound intensity instruments, comprising sound intensity probes and processors, which detect sound intensity by pairs of spatially separated pressure sensing microphones. These instruments, a
32、nd others employing different detection methods, are still the subject of development. Sound intensity instruments have two main applications. The first is the investigation of the radiation characteristics of sound sources. The second is the determination of the sound power of sources, especially i
33、n situ, where sound intensity measurement enables sound power determination to be made under acoustical conditions which render determination by sound pressure measurement impossible. This International Standard applies to instruments to be used for the determination of sound power in accordance wit
34、h the requirements of ISO 9614-1 and ensures well-defined performance for instruments used in other applications. Specifications and tolerances are based on current instrument technology and on typical industrial requirements for dynamic capability index. Requirements for the verification of perform
35、ance of probes and processors are written in terms of type tests. A scheme for periodic verification, serving as the basis of the periodic recalibrations required in many countries, is given in Annex A. Probes and processors are treated separately and together; in the latter case they are called “in
36、struments”. 1 Scope The primary purpose of this Standard is to ensure the accuracy of measurements of sound intensity applied to the determination of sound power in accordance with ISO 9614-1. To meet the requirements of that standard, instruments are required to analyse the sound intensity in one-t
37、hird octave or octave bands, and optionally to provide A-weighted band levels. They are also required to measure sound pressure level in addition to sound intensity level to facilitate the use of the field indicators described in ISO 9614-1. This International Standard only applies to instruments wh
38、ich detect sound intensity by pairs of spatially separated pressure sensing microphones. This International Standard specifies performance requirements for instruments used for the measurement of sound intensity, and their associated calibrators. The requirements are intended to reduce to a practica
39、l minimum any differences in equivalent measurements made using different instruments, including instruments comprising probes and processors from different manufacturers. 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute pr
40、ovisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions o
41、f the normative documents listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 9614-1:1993, Acoustics Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity Part 1: Measurement at discrete points. IEC 651:1979, Sound level meters
42、. IEC 942:1988, Sound calibrators. IEC 1260:19XX, Specification for octave-band and fractional octave-band filters (under consideration). (Revision of IEC 225:1966) 3 Definitions For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 sound intensity probe transducer sys
43、tem from which signals may be processed to obtain the sound intensity component in a specific direction 3.2 p-p probe (also known as a two microphone probe) probe composed of two pressure sensing microphones spaced apart by a fixed and known distance, in which the sound pressure component is measure
44、d by the two microphones and the mean value is considered as the sound pressure existing at the reference point of the probe, while the sound pressure differential is used for the purpose of deriving the sound particle velocity component NOTE 1A side-by-side p-p probe has the two microphones arrange
45、d as shown in Figure 1. NOTE 2A face-to-face p-p probe has the two microphones facing each other and separated by a spacer as shown in Figure 2.EN 61043:1994 6 BSI 01-2000 3.3 reference point of a probe point at which the sound intensity is deemed to be measured NOTEThe reference point of a probe is
46、 not necessarily the physical midpoint, but occurs halfway between the effective microphone centres. 3.4 probe axis axis passing through the reference point and along which a component of particle velocity is sensed 3.5 reference direction direction of incidence of plane progressive waves on the pro
47、be, parallel to the probe axis, for which the sound intensity response of the probe is specified 3.6 phase difference between probe channels for a p-p probe difference in phase response between the channels in a p-p probe, including microphones, preamplifiers and cables, if they are an integral part
48、 of the probe, when subjected to the same input. It is a function of frequency 3.7 nominal separation of microphones in a p-p probe fixed value of separation used for the purpose of computing sound intensity directly in an instrument. It is the mean value of the effective separation of the microphon
49、es in a specified frequency range 3.8 sound intensity processor device whose function is the determination of sound intensity in conjunction with a specified probe. The processor presents results in one octave or one-third octave bands, in terms of sound intensity and sound pressure, or sound intensity level and sound pressure level 3.9 sound intensity instrument comprises a sound intensity probe and a compatible sound intensity processor 3.10 residual intensity false intensity produced by phase differences bet
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