1、Electroacoustics Measurement microphonesPart 5: Methods for pressure calibration of working standard microphones by comparisonBS EN 61094-5:2016BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61094
2、-5:2016. It isidentical to IEC 61094-5:2016. It supersedes BS EN 61094-5:2002 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EPL/29, Electroacoustics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This p
3、ublication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86594 7ICS 17.140.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immun
4、ity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61094-5:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN
5、61094-5 September 2016 ICS 17.140.50 Supersedes EN 61094-5:2001 English Version Electroacoustics - Measurement microphones - Part 5: Methods for pressure calibration of working standard microphones by comparison (IEC 61094-5:2016) lectroacoustique - Microphones de mesure - Partie 5: Mthodes pour lta
6、lonnage en pression par comparaison des microphones talons de travail (IEC 61094-5:2016) Messmikrofone - Teil 5: Verfahren zur Druckkammer-Kalibrierung von Gebrauchs-Normalmikrofonen nach der Vergleichsmethode (IEC 61094-5:2016) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2016-07-04. CENELEC m
7、embers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applic
8、ation to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENE
9、LEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ice
10、land, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europ
11、isches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 61094-5:2016 E BS EN 61094-5:2016EN 61094-5:2016 2 European foreword T
12、he text of document 29/870/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61094-5, prepared by IEC TC 29, Electroacoustics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61094-5:2016. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national
13、level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2017-04-04 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2019-07-04 This document supersedes EN 61095-5:2001. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the e
14、lements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61094-5:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modifica
15、tion. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated: IEC 61094-2:2009 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61094-2:2009. BS EN 61094-5:2016EN 61094-5:2016 3 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding Eu
16、ropean publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendmen
17、ts) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu. Publication Year Tit
18、le EN/HD Year IEC 61094-1 - Measurement microphones - Part 1: Specifications for laboratory standard microphones EN 61094-1 - IEC 61094-4 - Measurement microphones - Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones EN 61094-4 - BS EN 61094-5:2016 2 IEC 61094-5:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD
19、. 4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references. 6 3 Terms and definitions 6 4 Reference environmental conditions . 7 5 Principles of pressure calibration by comparison 7 5.1 Principles 7 5.1.1 General principle 7 5.1.2 General principles using simultaneous excitation 7 5.1.3 General principles using sequentia
20、l excitation . 8 5.2 Measuring the output voltages of the microphones . 8 6 Factors influencing the pressure sensitivity 8 6.1 General . 8 6.2 Microphone pressure equalization mechanism . 8 6.3 Polarising voltage 9 6.4 Reference shield configuration 9 6.5 Pressure distribution over the diaphragms .
21、9 6.6 Dependence on environmental conditions 10 6.7 Validation 10 7 Calibration uncertainty components 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Sensitivity of the reference microphone . 10 7.3 Measurements of microphone output . 11 7.4 Differences between the sound pressure at the test microphone and that at the ref
22、erence microphone 11 7.5 Acoustic impedances of the microphones . 11 7.6 Microphone separation distance 11 7.7 Microphone capacitance 11 7.8 Microphone configuration during calibration . 11 7.9 Uncertainty on pressure sensitivity level 12 Annex A (informative) Examples of couplers and jigs for simul
23、taneous excitation . 13 A.1 A coupler for use with WS2 microphones at frequencies up to 10 kHz 13 A.2 A jig for use with WS2 or WS3 microphones at frequencies up to 20 kHz 14 Annex B (informative) Examples of couplers for sequential excitation 16 B.1 A coupler for use with LS1 microphones at frequen
24、cies up to 8 kHz . 16 B.2 A coupler for use with WS2 microphones at frequencies up to 16 kHz 16 Annex C (informative) Determining the open-circuit sensitivity of a measurement microphone without using the insert-voltage method . 18 Annex D (informative) Typical uncertainty analysis . 19 D.1 Introduc
25、tion . 19 D.2 Analysis 19 D.3 Combined and expanded uncertainties 21 Bibliography . 22 Figure A.1 A coupler for use with WS2 microphones . 13 BS EN 61094-5:2016IEC 61094-5:2016 IEC 2016 3 Figure A.2 A jig fitted with an LS2 and WS2 microphone . 14 Figure A.3 Example arrangement of LS2 and WS2 microp
26、hones in a jig 14 Figure A.4 Example arrangement of LS2 and WS3 microphones in a jig 14 Figure B.1 A coupler for use with LS1 microphones 16 Figure B.2 A coupler for use with WS2 microphones . 17 Table A.1 Calculated corrections to be added to the sensitivity level of the WS3 microphone when using t
27、he arrangement in Figure A.4 15 Table D.1 Example uncertainty budget . 20 BS EN 61094-5:2016 4 IEC 61094-5:2016 IEC 2016 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ ELECTROACOUSTICS MEASUREMENT MICROPHONES Part 5: Methods for pressure calibration of working standard microphones by comparison FOREWOR
28、D 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electr
29、ical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to techn
30、ical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organi
31、zation for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical
32、committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publicatio
33、ns is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national
34、and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services
35、 and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants
36、 or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication,
37、use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility tha
38、t some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61094-5 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 29: Electroacoustics. This edition cancels and replaces
39、 the first edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) details of additional components of uncertainty; b) revised corrections for type WS3 microphones; c) provisi
40、on for the calibration of microphones in driven shield configuration. BS EN 61094-5:2016IEC 61094-5:2016 IEC 2016 5 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: CDV Report on voting 29/870/CDV 29/887A/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found
41、 in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all parts in the IEC 61904 series, published under the general title Measurement microphones, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decid
42、ed that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended.
43、 BS EN 61094-5:2016 6 IEC 61094-5:2016 IEC 2016 ELECTROACOUSTICS MEASUREMENT MICROPHONES Part 5: Methods for pressure calibration of working standard microphones by comparison 1 Scope This part of IEC 61094-5 is applicable to working standard microphones with removable protection grids meeting the r
44、equirements of IEC 61094-4 and to laboratory standard micro-phones meeting the requirements of IEC 61094-1. This part of IEC 61094 describes methods of determining the pressure sensitivity by comparison with either a laboratory standard microphone or another working standard microphone with known se
45、nsitivity in the respective frequency range. Alternative comparison methods based on the principles described in IEC 61094-2 are possible but beyond the scope of this part of IEC 61094. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document a
46、nd are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 61094-1, Measurement microphones Part 1: Specifications for laboratory standard microphones IE
47、C 61094-4, Measurement microphones Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61094-1 and the following apply. 3.1 reference microphone laboratory standard microphone or working standard mi
48、crophone with known pressure sensitivity 3.2 test microphone laboratory standard microphone or working standard microphone to be calibrated by comparison with a reference microphone 3.3 monitor microphone microphone used to measure changes in sound pressure BS EN 61094-5:2016IEC 61094-5:2016 IEC 201
49、6 7 3.4 coupler device which, when fitted with microphones, forms a cavity of predetermined shape and dimensions and provides an acoustic coupling element between the microphones and between the microphones and the sound source 3.5 jig device which, when fitted with microphones, holds them with their diaphragms face to face separated by a small distance but does not enclose the space between them 4 Reference environmental conditions The reference environmental conditions
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