BS EN 61882-2016 Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) Application guide《危害和可操作研究 应用指南》.pdf

1、Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) Application guideBS EN 61882:2016BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61882:2016. It is identical to IEC 61882:2016. It supersedes BS IEC 6

2、1882:2001 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee DS/1, Dependability.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa c

3、ontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 87354 6ICS 03.100.50; 03.120.01; 13.020.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard wa

4、s published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61882:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 61882 June 2016 ICS 03.100.50; 03.120.01; 13.020.30 Engli

5、sh Version Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) - Application guide (IEC 61882:2016) tudes de danger et dexploitabilit (tudes HAZOP) - Guide dapplication (IEC 61882:2016) HAZOP-Verfahren (HAZOP-Studien) - Anwendungsleitfaden (IEC 61882:2016) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC o

6、n 2016-04-14. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards ma

7、y be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and n

8、otified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, German

9、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation

10、 Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 61882:2016 E BS EN 61882:2016EN 61882:2016 2 Eu

11、ropean foreword The text of document 56/1653/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61882, prepared by IEC/TC 56 “Dependability“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61882:2016. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at n

12、ational level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2017-01-14 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2019-04-14 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be th

13、e subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61882:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for B

14、ibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60812:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60812:2006 (not modified). IEC 61025:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61025:2007 (not modified). IEC 61160:2005 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61160:2005 (not modified). IEC 61511-3:2003 NOTE Harmoni

15、zed as EN 61511-3:2004 (not modified). IEC 62502:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62502:2010 (not modified). IEC/ISO 31010:2009 NOTE Harmonized as EN 31010:2010 (not modified). BS EN 61882:2016EN 61882:2016 3 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding

16、European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendm

17、ents) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu Publication Year Ti

18、tle EN/HD Year IEC 60050-192 - International electrotechnical vocabulary - Part 192: Dependability - - BS EN 61882:2016 2 IEC 61882:2016 IEC 2016 CONTENTS FOREWORD. 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope 7 2 Normative references 7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 7 3.1 Terms and definitions 7 3.2 Abbrevia

19、tions 9 4 Key features of HAZOP 10 4.1 General . 10 4.2 Principles of examination. 11 4.3 Design representation . 12 4.3.1 General . 12 4.3.2 Design requirements and design intent . 13 5 Applications of HAZOP 13 5.1 General . 13 5.2 Relation to other analysis tools 14 5.3 HAZOP study limitations 14

20、5.4 Risk identification studies during different system life cycle stages . 15 5.4.1 Concept stage 15 5.4.2 Development stage 15 5.4.3 Realization stage . 15 5.4.4 Utilization stage . 15 5.4.5 Enhancement stage . 16 5.4.6 Retirement stage 16 6 The HAZOP study procedure . 16 6.1 General . 16 6.2 Defi

21、nitions . 17 6.2.1 Initiate the study 17 6.2.2 Define scope and objectives . 17 6.2.3 Define roles and responsibilities . 18 6.3 Preparation . 19 6.3.1 Plan the study 19 6.3.2 Collect data and documentation . 20 6.3.3 Establish guide words and deviations . 20 6.4 Examination 21 6.4.1 Structure the e

22、xamination 21 6.4.2 Perform the examination 22 6.5 Documentation and follow up . 24 6.5.1 General . 24 6.5.2 Establish method of recording 25 6.5.3 Output of the study. 25 6.5.4 Record information . 25 6.5.5 Sign off the documentation . 26 6.5.6 Follow-up and responsibilities 26 Annex A (informative

23、) Methods of recording . 27 BS EN 61882:2016IEC 61882:2016 IEC 2016 3 A.1 Recording options . 27 A.2 HAZOP worksheet . 27 A.3 Marked-up representation 28 A.4 HAZOP study report 28 Annex B (informative) Examples of HAZOP studies 29 B.1 General . 29 B.2 Introductory example . 29 B.3 Procedures . 34 B.

24、4 Automatic train protection system 37 B.4.1 General . 37 B.4.2 Application . 37 B.5 Example involving emergency planning 40 B.6 Piezo valve control system 44 B.7 HAZOP of a train stabling yard horn procedure 48 Bibliography . 59 Figure 1 The HAZOP study procedure 17 Figure 2 Flow chart of the HAZOP

25、 examination procedure Property first sequence 23 Figure 3 Flow chart of the HAZOP examination procedure Guide word first sequence 24 Figure B.1 Simple flow sheet 30 Figure B.2 Train-carried ATP equipment . 37 Figure B.3 Piezo valve control system 44 Table 1 Example of basic guide words and their ge

26、neric meanings . 11 Table 2 Example of guide words relating to clock time and order or sequence . 12 Table 3 Examples of deviations and their associated guide words . 21 Table B.1 Properties of the system under examination 30 Table B.2 Example HAZOP worksheet for introductory example 31 Table B.3 Ex

27、ample HAZOP worksheet for procedures example . 35 Table B.4 Example HAZOP worksheet for automatic train protection system . 38 Table B.5 Example HAZOP worksheet for emergency planning . 41 Table B.6 System design intent 45 Table B.7 Example HAZOP worksheet for piezo valve control system 46 Table B.8

28、 Operational breakdown matrix for train stabling yard horn procedure . 50 Table B.9 Example HAZOP worksheet for train stabling yard horn procedure 53 BS EN 61882:2016 4 IEC 61882:2016 IEC 2016 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ HAZARD AND OPERABILITY STUDIES (HAZOP STUDIES) APPLICATION GUID

29、E FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in t

30、he electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted

31、 to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the Internation

32、al Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each t

33、echnical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC P

34、ublications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their

35、national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment

36、 services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees,

37、 servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publ

38、ication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possib

39、ility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61882 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56: Dependability. This second edition cancels a

40、nd replaces the first edition published in 2001. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) clarification of terminology as well as alignment with terms and definitions within ISO 31000:200

41、9 and ISO Guide 73:2009; b) addition of an improved case study of a procedural HAZOP. BS EN 61882:2016IEC 61882:2016 IEC 2016 5 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 56/1653/FDIS 56/1666/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standa

42、rd can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under

43、 “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. BS EN 61882:2016 6 IEC 61882:2016 IEC 2016 INTRODUCTION This standard describes the principles for and approach to guide

44、word-driven risk identification. Historically this approach to risk identification has been called a hazard and operability study or HAZOP study for short. This is a structured and systematic technique for examining a defined system, with the objectives of: identifying risks associated with the oper

45、ation and maintenance of the system. The hazards or other risk sources involved can include both those essentially relevant only to the immediate area of the system and those with a much wider sphere of influence, for example some environmental hazards; identifying potential operability problems wit

46、h the system and in particular identifying causes of operational disturbances and production deviations likely to lead to non-conforming products. An important benefit of HAZOP studies is that the resulting knowledge, obtained by identifying risks and operability problems in a structured and systema

47、tic manner, is of great assistance in determining appropriate remedial measures. A characteristic feature of a HAZOP study is the examination session during which a multi-disciplinary team under the guidance of a study leader systematically examines all relevant parts of a design or system. It ident

48、ifies deviations from the system design intent utilizing a set of guide words. The technique aims to stimulate the imagination of participants in a systematic way to identify risks and operability problems. A HAZOP study should be seen as an enhancement to sound design using experience-based approac

49、hes such as codes of practice rather than a substitute for such approaches. Historically, HAZOP and similar studies were described as hazard identification as their primary purpose is to test in a systematic way whether hazards are present and, if so, understand both how they could result in adverse consequences and how such consequences could be avoided through process redesign. ISO 31000:2009 defines risk as the effect of uncertainty on objectives, with a note tha